Development and Feasibility Assessment of Virtual Reality-Based Relaxation Self-Training Program

Diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) are an effective way for relaxation training and anxiety control, but their use is not common to the general public. Today, as the need for non-face-to-face contact increases, virtual reality (VR)-based self-training is gaining attention in public health. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the newly developed VR-based relaxation training program. Both diaphragmatic breathing and PMR can be trained without an assistant using this VR application in three steps: 1) learning in a virtual clinic, 2) review in a comfortable virtual environment, and 3) practice in outdoor virtual environments. Self-training is recommended on a 3-weeks schedule with a total of 4–6 trials per day for 4 days a week. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were divided into the VR (n = 15) and worksheet (n = 16) groups, and participated in self-training under similar conditions as much as possible. Multiple evaluations were performed before, during, and after self-training. The change rates of all psychological and psychophysiological measures before and after self-training did not significantly differ between the two groups. The levels of tension after breathing practices showed no group difference, whereas those after PMR practices were significantly lower in the VR group than in the worksheet group. In the VR group, trials of outdoor practices tended to induce a decrease of the tension level, particularly after outdoor breathing trials. The VR group gave a practicable score of 70 points or more, average 43.5, and average 180.3 for usability, cybersickness, and presence of this program, respectively. These results suggest that the VR-based relaxation self-training program can be used by healthy people as a means of relaxation. In the use of this program, diaphragmatic breathing may be used more easily, but the benefit of using VR is higher in PMR. These findings provide justification for a randomized controlled study of whether this program can be used for stress relief in the general population and, furthermore, treatment of patients with anxiety disorders.

Demonstrasi Latihan Pernapasan Diafragma Sebagai Pencegahan Penularan Covid-19 di Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat Kota Gorontalo

ABSTRAK Program Kemitraan Wilayah (PKW) merupakan program pengabdian masyarakat yang dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya permasalahan kesehatan dalam suatu wilayah tertentu. Kecamatan Kota Barat memiliki beberapa permasalahan kesehatan yang didapatkan dari Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat yaitu distribusi penyakit Asma yang fluktuatif pada Tahun 2017-2019 sebanyak 1477 kasus. Latihan pernapasan merupakan alternatif untuk memperoleh kesehatan yang diharapkan bisa mengefektifkan semua organ dalam tubuh secara optimal dengan olah napas dan olah fisik secara teratur. Hal ini bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya penularan COVID-19 pada keluarga dengan riwayat asma di Wilayah Kecamatan Kota Barat Kota Gorontalo. Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada bulan April – Oktober 2020. Kegiatan dimulai dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan demonstrasi latihan pernapasan diafragma, kemudian dilakukan pengukuran nilai Arus Puncak Ekspirasi (APE) pada setiap peserta sebelum dan sesudah latihan. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan ini berhasil sesuai dengan indikator keberhasilan yang ditetapkan yaitu sebanyak 50 peserta dari masyarakat Kecamatan Kota Barat yang mengikuti dengan antusias, peningkatan pengetahuan serta peningkatan nilai APE. Kata Kunci: pencegahan Covid-19, napas diafragma, asma, arus puncak respirasi ABSTRACT The Regional Partnership Program is a community service program that is motivated by the existence of health problems in a certain area. Kota Barat Subdistrict has several health problems obtained from the West City District Area, namely the fluctuating distribution of asthma in 2017-2019 as many as 1477 cases. Breathing exercises are an alternative to obtain health which is expected to make all organs in the body optimally effective with regular breathing and physical exercise. This program aims to prevent transmission of COVID-19 in families with a history of asthma in the Kota Barat District of Gorontalo City. This activity was carried out from April - October 2020. The activity began with conducting counseling and demonstration of diaphragmatic breathing exercises, then measuring the value of Peak Expiratory Flow for each participant before and after the exercise. The results showed that this activity was successful in accordance with the established success indicators, 50 participants from the West Kota Subdistrict community who followed enthusiastically, increased knowledge and increased the value of APE. Keywords: prevention of Covid-19, diaphragmatic breathing, asthma, peak flow of respiration

Pranayama dalam Prenatal Yoga

<p><em>Pregnancy is an event that occurs in women which generally gives various changes in themselves. Along with the development of the fetus and increasing gestational age, a woman will certainly experience several changes such as physical changes, psychological changes, and social status of the mother</em><em>. The changes that occur during pregnancy generally occur as symptoms and occur for most pregnant women. Either with, arise, or fear that is in itself, especially in pregnant women, one of the prenatal yoga exercises can be effectively overcome by doing pranayama exercises. During pregnancy, the body's needs are certainly different from the bodies of people who have never experienced the process of pregnancy. Likewise, with the need for pranayama exercises performed during pregnancy, which of course not all pranayama techniques can be practiced during pregnancy.</em> <em>There are several pranayama techniques that are good to practice during pregnancy, namely diaphragmatic breathing techniques, dirgha swasam breathing techniques, sitkari pranayama, sitali pranayama, bhramari pranayama, ujjayi pranayama, and anuloma viloma pranayama.</em></p>

Efektivitas Diaphragmatic Breathing (DB) Dan Aerobic Training ( Walking) Terhadap Peningkatan Kapasitas Fungsional dan Activity Daily Living (ADL) Pasien Hearth Failure ( HF)

Cardiovascular Disiases (CVDs) merupakan penyebab nomor satu kematian secara global yang diperkirakan sebanyak 17,9 juta orang atau sebesar 31% dari semua kematian global (WHO, 2017). Salah satu CVDs adalah Heart Failure (HF) (WHO, 2017). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah Untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektifitas antara DB dan AT (Walking) dengan DB terhadap peningkatan kapasitas fungsional dan ADL pasien Hearth Failure. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Quasi Experimen dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan desain pre test and post test control gropu. Hasil peneleitian didapatkan bahwa pada kelompok intervensi pre dan post, mempunyai pengaruh atau efektif meningkatkan kapasitas fungsional dan Activity Daily Living (ADL) pasien Hearth Failure (HF), dimana nilai P Value didapatkan sebesar 0,000. pada kelompok kontrol pre dan post intervensi memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan kapasitas fungsional pasien Hearth Failure (HF) dimana nilai P Value didapatkan sebesar 0,000, perbandingan efektifitas antara yang diberikan intervensi Diafragmatic Breathing (DB) dan Aerobik Training (Walking) pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol dengan intervensi Diafragmatic Breathing memiliki efektifitas terhadap peningkatan kapasitas fungsional dan Activity Daily Living (ADL) pasien Heart Failure, dimana nilai P Value yang didapatkan sebesar 0,000. Kesimpulan dan saran Perbandingan efektifitas antara DB dan AT (Walking) dengan DB terhadap peningkatan kapasitas fungsional dan ADL pasien Hearth Failure masing-masing memiliki efektifitas, akan tetapi kombinasi DB dan Aerobic Training (Walking) memiliki efektifitas yang sangat cepat, dapat dilihat pada nilai selisih dari kedua intervensi tersebut. Disarankan kepada pihak rumah sakit RSUD Prof.Dr.Anwar Makkatutu Bantaeng untuk lebih mengaktifkan program latihan Diafragmatic Breathing (DB) Kombinasi Aerobic Training (Walking) dan memasukkaan kedalam kebijakan rumah sakit untuk diterapkan, selain itu dapat melakukan pelatihan yang intensif kepada para petugas terutama perawat sehingga ahli dalam memberikan pelatihan kepada pasien yang berguna untuk mempercepat proses penyembuhan pada pasien yang mengalami Hearth Failure.

EFFECT OF ONE MONTH DIAPHRAGMATIC BREATHING ON PEAKEXPIRATORY FLOW RATE AND BREATH HOLDING TIME

Practice of yoga based relaxation techniques has been associated with various physiological changes in our body. The long term practice of these techniques has been reported to improve the pulmonary functions. However, the study on effects of short term diaphragmatic breathing on lung functions is yet lacking. Therefore, the present analytical study was conducted to find the changes in pulmonary functions after practising diaphragmatic breathing for one month among (n=40; 20 males and 20 females) 1st year MBBS students aged between 18-20 years. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and breathe holding time (BHT) was recorded in these subjects before and after one month of practising diaphragmatic breathing. There was a significant increase in both PEFR and BHT after 1month of diaphragmatic breathing manoeuvre depicting the beneficial of diaphragmatic breathing on pulmonary functions. Key words: Yoga; Pulmonary functions; Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; Breath Holding Time