Development and Feasibility Assessment of Virtual Reality-Based Relaxation Self-Training Program

Diaphragmatic breathing and progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) are an effective way for relaxation training and anxiety control, but their use is not common to the general public. Today, as the need for non-face-to-face contact increases, virtual reality (VR)-based self-training is gaining attention in public health. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of the newly developed VR-based relaxation training program. Both diaphragmatic breathing and PMR can be trained without an assistant using this VR application in three steps: 1) learning in a virtual clinic, 2) review in a comfortable virtual environment, and 3) practice in outdoor virtual environments. Self-training is recommended on a 3-weeks schedule with a total of 4–6 trials per day for 4 days a week. Thirty-one healthy volunteers were divided into the VR (n = 15) and worksheet (n = 16) groups, and participated in self-training under similar conditions as much as possible. Multiple evaluations were performed before, during, and after self-training. The change rates of all psychological and psychophysiological measures before and after self-training did not significantly differ between the two groups. The levels of tension after breathing practices showed no group difference, whereas those after PMR practices were significantly lower in the VR group than in the worksheet group. In the VR group, trials of outdoor practices tended to induce a decrease of the tension level, particularly after outdoor breathing trials. The VR group gave a practicable score of 70 points or more, average 43.5, and average 180.3 for usability, cybersickness, and presence of this program, respectively. These results suggest that the VR-based relaxation self-training program can be used by healthy people as a means of relaxation. In the use of this program, diaphragmatic breathing may be used more easily, but the benefit of using VR is higher in PMR. These findings provide justification for a randomized controlled study of whether this program can be used for stress relief in the general population and, furthermore, treatment of patients with anxiety disorders.

Pelatihan Manajemen Stress Kepada Penderita Penyakit Kronis di Desa Warisa

ABSTRAK Penyakit kronis yang telah diderita selama bertahun-tahun dapat mengganggu pada semua aspek kehidupan penderitanya seperti masalah finansial, Karir, gangguan peran, termasuk masalah psikososial, akibatnya, penderita penyakit kronis seringkali juga mengalami stress kronis yang selanjutnya dapat memperburuk penyakit dan menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Di Desa Warisa didapatkan jumlah penderita penyakit kronis sebanyak 83 Orang hanya dari 3 jaga (lingkungan). Tujuan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan penderita penyakit kronis di Desa Warisa terkait manajemen stress melalui kegiatan pelatihan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan terkait manajamen stress yang baik dilanjutkan dengan pelatihan manajemen stress dengan relaksasi napas dalam dan relaksasi otot progresif. Kegiatan ini diikuti oleh 29 peserta termasuk 2 kader dan dari hasil evaluasi didapatkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta sebesar 22.4% yaitu sebelum penyuluhan (63%) dan setelah penyuluhan (85.4%). Dari hasil observasi juga didapatkan sebagian besar peserta mampu melakukan kembali gerakan latihan relaksasi otot progresif secara mandiri namun, ada 5 Peserta yang belum mampu melakukan gerakan latihan secara mandiri yang kemudian diberikan pendampingan lanjutan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi dasar pembentukan program kesehatan jiwa di puskesmas khususnya terkait pelayanan psikososial bagi penderita penyakit kronis. Kata Kunci: Manajemen stress, Penyakit kronis, Relaksasi otot progresif ABSTRACT Chronic illness that has been suffered for years can interfere with all aspects of people with chronic illness such as financial problems, career, role performance, and psychosocial aspects. as a result, People who suffer from chronic diseases often experience chronic stress that worsens disease severity and reduces the quality of life. In Warisa Village, there were 83 people who were identified with chronic diseases from only 3 hamlets. The purpose of this Community Service was to increase the knowledge and ability of People with chronic disease in Warisa Village regarding stress management through training. This activity was carried out by delivering health education related to positive stress management followed by stress management training with deep breathing relaxation and Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR). This activity was attended by 29 participants including 2 Cadres and from the evaluation process, it was found that the participants' knowledge increased by 22.4% in which before counseling (63%) and after counseling (85.4%). From the observations, it was also found that most of the participants were able to perform PMR independently, however, there were 5 participants who had not been able to perform PMR independently and were then given further assistance. The results of this activity are expected to be the first step to developing mental health programs in Community Health Centers, especially related to psychosocial services for people with chronic diseases. Keywords: Stress management, Chronic illness, Progressive Muscle Relaxation

Control of Elderly Hypertension with Merona Program

Hypertension is a silent killer is the most common health problem experienced by the elderly. Control of hypertension in the elderly is very necessary to reduce complications of hypertension. Based on these conditions, the MERONA Program was developed. The purpose is to provide an overview of the implementation of the blush program in the elderly with hypertension. The method used is a family case study and an aggregate using a family and community nursing process approach involving 10 foster families and 60 elderly people in the community selected using cluster random sampling. This program is an integration of hypertension self-management and relaxation therapy, namely music therapy, progressive muscle relaxation, and deep breathing relaxation which is carried out for 12 weeks. Evaluation of changes in behavior and family independence was carried out at the end of the 12th week using a questionnaire. Blood pressure measurements were carried out at weeks 4, 8, and 12. The results of the implementation were an increase in the behavior of the elderly, an increase in the level of family independence, and a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<0.05). The MERONA program is recommended to be applied in community health services.

The effect of progressive muscle relaxation on reducing restless legs syndrome among patients undergoing haemodialysis in a satellite/hospital unit in Indonesia

Introducción: La relajación muscular se considera una terapia alternativa para el síndrome de las piernas inquietas (SPI). Objetivo: Determinar el efecto de la relajación muscular progresiva (RMP) sobre el síndrome de piernasinquietas en pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio con diseño cuasi-experimental en la unidad de hemodiálisis. Lamuestra reclutada fue de 12 encuestados tanto en el grupo de intervención como en el de control, siendo elmuestreo de conveniencia. El instrumento de investigación utilizado fue la Escala Internacional del Grupo de Estudio del SPI. Resultados: En el grupo de intervención, las puntuaciones medias del SPI antes y después fueron de22,92 y 17,42, respectivamente. En el grupo de control, las puntuaciones medias del SPI antes y despuésde la intervención fueron de 24,33 y 23,50, respectivamente. La RPM fue eficaz para mejorar el SPI (p<0,005). Conclusión: La RMP podría ser una alternativa para reducir el SPI en pacientes sometidos a hemodiálisis. Se necesitan estudios futuros para aclarar los hallazgos utilizando métodos más robustos y un tamaño de muestra mayor.

The effect of progressive muscle relaxation interventions on depression, stress, anxiety, and quality of life for cancer patients: a systematic review

Patients with cancer experience emotional distress which characterized by psychological symptoms such as anxiety or depression, psychological symptoms that arise and complex cancer processes have negative impact on their quality of life. Many cancer patients use a wide variety of techniques to improve their psychological symptoms and quality of life including relaxation therapy and specifically, Progressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR). The systematic review purpose was to review the evidence regarding the use of PMR intervention for cancer patients. Thirty four published studies and nine identified original article as potentially relevant , undertaken in the past six years until now (2013 to 2019) with data bases in Scopus, Proquest, Google Scholar, Oxford, and Science direct Searches. The information flow chart from record identification to study inclusion was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA and extracted data with PICOT. The impact of progressive muscle relaxation interventions remained in effect for between seven days and six month after the interventions.. Progressive muscle relaxation intervention is the technique including continous and systematic stretching and relaxing of the muscles until the whole body becomes relaxed. It has effects in improving depression, stress, anxiety and quality of life via physical relaxation.

Engaging Turkish immigrants in psychotherapy: Development and proof-of-concept study of a culture-tailored, web-based intervention

Background Culturally tailored interventions can increase the engagement and the success rate of psychotherapy in immigrant and ethnic minority patients. In this regard, the integration of the patients’ illness beliefs is a key element. Applying principles of Motivational and Ethnographic Interviewing, we developed a culture-tailored, web-based intervention to facilitate engagement of Turkish immigrant inpatients in psychotherapy. Method The different aspects of the engagement intervention development are described and its acceptance and usefulness were tested in a proof-of-concept trial with an experimental control group design (active control condition: progressive muscle relaxation) in a sample of Turkish immigrant inpatients in Germany (N = 26). Illness perception, illness-related locus of control, and self-efficacy were assessed pre and post intervention. Results The engagement intervention was rated better than the control condition (p = .002) and in particular, participants felt better prepared for therapy after working with it (p = .013). By working with the engagement intervention, self-efficacy increased (p = .034) and external-fatalistic control beliefs diminished (p = .021). However, half of the participants needed assistance in using the computer and web-based interventions. Conclusion The developed intervention provides a first step towards feasible culture-tailored psychotherapeutic elements that can be integrated into routine clinical care. The first results regarding acceptance and usefulness are promising.

Penerapan Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Untuk Menurunkan Tekanan Darah Pada Lansia Yang Mengalami Hipertensi

Hypertension in the elderly is the elderly who experience an increase in blood pressure above normal with a normal range of 120/80 mmHg on blood pressure examinion using a blood pressure measuring device. One of the actions to lower blood pressure is the progressive musle relaxation technique. The purpose of this scientific paper is to apply progressive muscle in Proto Tambahrejo village, Bandar sub district,Batang district. Case study method by applying muscle relaxation therapy progressive blood pressure reduction in the elderly with hypertension in Proto Tambahrejo Village Bandar Distract Batang Regency. The data Collection.The results of the application showed that during the 6-day visit, two elderly people were able to lower blood pressure, on the first day the client was 170/100 mmHg and the sixth day it was 130/90 mmHg, while on the second day the client was 160/100 mmHg and the sixth day 120/90 mmHgm Conclusion This case study shows that progressive muscle relaxation therapy is effective in the elderly with hypertension. Suggestions from the authors are expected that progressive muscle relaxation therapy can be used as an effective application in the elderly who have hypertension.Keywords: Hypertension, Progressive muscle relaxation, the elderly. AbstrakHipertensi pada lansia adalah lansia yang mengalami peningkatan tekanan darah diatas normal yaitu dengan rentang normal 120/80 mmHg pada pemeriksaan tensi darah menggunakan alat pengukur tekanan darah.Tindakan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah salah satunya adalah dengan teknik relaksasi otot progersif. Tujuan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini adalah mengaplikasikan tindakan teknik relaksasi otot progresif untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia yang mengalami hipertensi. Metode studi kasus dengan menerapkan terapi relaksasi otot progresif untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia yang mengalami hipertensi. Subyek studi kasus yang digunakan adalah dua lansia yang mengalami hipertensi. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penerapan menunjukkan selama 6 hari kunjungan dua lansia mampu menurunkan nyeri tekanan darah, pada klien I hari pertama skala nyeri 7 tekanan darah 170/100 mmHg dan hari keenam menjadi skala nyeri 1 tekanan darah 130/90 mmHg, Sedangkan pada klien II hari pertama skala nyeri 5 tekanan darah 160/100 mmHg dan hari keenam menjadi skala nyeri 1 tekanan darah 120/90 mmHg. Kesimpulan dari studi kasus ini menunjukkan terapi relaksasi otot progresif efektif digunakan untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada lansia yang mengalami hipertensi. Kata kunci: Hipertensi, relaksasi otot progresif, lansia

Penerapan Terapi Relaksasi Otot Progresif Untuk Menurunkan Hipertensi Di Desa Glandang Bantarbolang

Hypertension is the increase of blood pressure which is higher than or equal to 140 mmHg at systolic blood pressure and higher or equal to 90 mmHg at diastolic blood pressure. The purpose of this study is to implement actions of progressive muscle relaxant therapy to lower blood pressure on hypertensive patients. This research uses descriptive method and tye subjects of this research are two hypertension clients with blood pressure higher than 140/100 mmHg at Glandang Village, Bantarbolang. Intervention is done by giving progressive muscle relaxation therapy for six days and is done once a day. The result of the study shows a drop in blood pressure on both clients, for client 1 to drop blood pressure from 160/100mmhg to 130/90mmhg and for the second client to drop in blood pressure from 170/100mmhg to 130/100mmhg. The study of the case indicates that progressive muscle relaxation therapy reduces blood pressure on hypertensive people. It is recommended for nurses or people working in health field to provide therapy in order to lower blood pressure in the form of progressive muscle relaxation therapy in hypertensive people.Keywords: Progressive Muscle Relaxation, Hypertension AbstrakHipertensi merupakan penyakit the silent killer yang menyebabkan 1 dari 3 orang dewasa terkena penyakit hipertensi dan diperkirakan 7,5 juta kematian didunia ini akibat hipertensi. Pada umumnya penyakit hipertensi ini tidak disadari oleh penderitanya, 50% penderita hipertensi tidak memperlihatkan pertanda yang pasti, terutama apabila sedang dalam taraf awal. Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mengaplikasikan tindakan terapi relaksasi otot progresif untuk menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Rancangan Karya Tulis Ilmiah ini menggunakan metode studi kasus deskriptif dengan subyek dua klien hipertensi yang mengalami tekanan darah tinggi diatas 140/100mmHg di Desa Glandang Bantarbolang. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah pemberian terapi relaksasi otot progresif selama enam hari dan dilakukan satu kali sehari. Hasil studi ini menunjukan adanya penurunan tekanan darah pada kedua klien, untuk klien 1 mengalami penurunan tekanan darah dari 160/100mmHg menjadi 130/90mmHg dan untuk klien kedua mengalami penurunan tekanan darah dari 170/100mmHg menjadi 130/90mmHg jadi rata-rata penurunan tekanan darah dari kedua klien adalah untuk tekanan darah sistolik sebanyak 30-40mmHg dan untuk tekanan diastolik sebanyak 10mmHg. Simpulan studi kasus ini menunjukan bahwa terapi relaksasi otot progresif mampu menurunkan tekanan darah pada penderita hipertensi. Saran bagi tenaga kesehatan diharapkan dapat memberikaan tindakan terapi untuk menurunkan tekanan darah yang berupa terapi relaksasi otot progresif pada penderita hipertensi.Kata kunci: Relaksasi Otot Progresif, Hipertensi

Effectiveness of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique among the Antenatal Mothers above 32 Weeks of Gestation on the Reactivity and Time Consumption of Non Stress Test: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Non Stress Test is a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive method to assess the wellbeing of the fetus by observing the FHR with its acceleration in response to the movement of the fetus. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of progressive muscle relaxation technique among the antenatal mothers above 32 weeks of gestation on reactivity and time consumption of Non Stress Test Design: Randomized controlled trial Setting: Obstetrics and Gynaecology OPD, PGIMER, Chandigarh Participant: 120 Antenatal mothers ³32 weeks of gestation Methods: 120 pregnant mothers i.e sixty each in Experimental and Control group willing to participate and available at the time of data collection were enrolled through a random sampling technique. Progressive muscle relaxation technique was demonstrated and was performed simultaneously by the antenatal mothers 15 to 20 minutes prior to NST who were enrolled under the Experimental group. Routine care was given to Control group. Data were collected by using an interview schedule in the month of October to December 2020. Non stress test was done as per schedule of antenatal visit and interpretation of NST graph in relation to the reactivity, time consumption and baseline fetal heart rate were compared in both the group. Results: It revealed that all the antenatal mothers in the Exp. group and 90% of mothers in the Control group showed reactivity of Non stress test. In relation to time consumption of Non stress test, all mothers in the Experimental group took normal time i.e 20 minutes. Out of the 90% of antenatal mothers who were reactive in the Control group, 5% took more than 20 minutes. A statistical significant difference was found in relation to reactivity by applying Chi Square (p<0.05). The finding also showed a significant difference in between the Experimental and Control group in relation to the reactivity of Non stress test as shown by Mann Whitney U test, baseline fetal heart rate during NST, all the antenatal mothers had normal BHR between 110 to 160 bpm in both groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that Progressive muscle relaxation technique performed prior to Non stress test can be used for improving the Non stress test results, time-saving, evokes positive feeling and satisfaction among the antenatal mothers. Keywords: Non Stress Test, Progressive Muscle Relaxation Technique, Reactivity.