FTIR Investigation of Nitrogen Monoxide and Carbon Monoxide Influence on Human Blood Coagulation

The formation of fibrin clots determines the characteristics of blood plasma coagulation. It is known that small molecules like nitrogen and carbon monoxides have a toxic effect at high concentrations due to the competitive binding to hemoglobin, preventing further oxygen transfer. The mechanisms of intoxication with these gases have been extensively studied in the literature, but there is little information on their effects on other vital processes. In particular, blood coagulation parameters have not been studied, although prolonged exposure to relatively low concentrations of gases can cause significant pathological changes. In this paper, the characteristics of the fibrin-polymer after coagulation of a blood plasma sample under conditions of pretreatment with gases were studied using FTIR-spectroscopy. The changes in the vibrations of individual bonds and fragments in the Amide I and Amide B regions are shown and analyzed. It was established that at concentrations of CO exceeding the endogenous levels, the connector α-helix unfolds and β-structures form, leading to the loss of part of the hydrate shell, the formation of a fibrin clot with a disordered structure of higher density due to an increase in its hydrophobicity. For cases where samples were treated with NO gas, the degree of aggregation of the fibrin clot from plasma incubated with nitroglycerin was one-quarter less than the original, the proportion of α-helices was not reduced, and there were no disordered structures in the clot. This may indicate a lower clot density and probably easier lysis of the one.

Detectability of Plasma Proteins in SRM Measurements

Background: Liquid chromatography coupled with targeted mass spectrometry underwent rapid technical evolution during last years and has become widely used technology in clinical laboratories. It offers confident specificity and sensitivity superior to those of traditional immunoassays. However, due to controversial reports on reproducibility of SRM measurements, the prospects of clinical appliance of the method are worth discussing. </P><P> Objective: The study was aimed at assessment of capabilities of SRM to achieve a thorough assembly of the human plasma proteome. </P><P> Method: We examined set of 19 human blood plasma samples to measure 100 proteins, including FDA-approved biomarkers, via SRM-assay. </P><P> Results: Out of 100 target proteins 43 proteins were confidently detected in at least two blood plasma sample runs, 36 and 21 proteins were either not detected in any run or inconsistently detected, respectively. Empiric dependences on protein detectability were derived to predict the number of biological samples required to detect with certainty a diagnostically relevant quantum of the human plasma proteome. </P><P> Conclusion: The number of samples exponentially increases with an increase in the number of protein targets, while proportionally decreasing to the logarithm of the limit of detection. Analytical sensitivity and enormous proteome heterogeneity are major bottlenecks of the human proteome exploration.

Estimation of vitamin B12 in plasma by High Performance Liquid Chromatography

<p>High performance liquid chromatography was used to develop and validate the detection of vitamin B₁₂ in blood plasma sample. The mobile phase consists of a mixture of 0.025% trifluroacetic acid in deionized water and 30% methanol. The mixture used was adjusted to pH 2.9 and the flow rate was adjusted to 0.5 mL/min. The separation was achieved using C18 column maintained at 30ºC temperature and detection of vitamin B₁₂ was conducted at maximum wavelength 230 nm.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>Estimation of vitamin B12 in plasma by HPLC: 4 min 29 sec <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/0eMxqsdDtlE">Full Screen</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0eMxqsdDtlE">Alternate</a></p>

A fluorescent probe for specific detection of cysteine in the lipid dense region of cells

Use of a cysteine specific chemodosimetric receptor for probing its release in the ER-region of the HepG2 cells during drug metabolism and silica based strips for quantitative estimation of Cys in a human blood plasma sample.

A novel fluorescence probe for estimation of cysteine/histidine in human blood plasma and recognition of endogenous cysteine in live Hct116 cells

A new cell membrane permeable reagent for detection of endogenous Cys as well as quantitative estimation of Cys and His in a human blood plasma sample.

Bio-Distribution and Dosimetry of a Renal Agent in Normal Bangladeshi Subjects

Radiation absorbed dose estimation was performed on eleven normal patients who were in a process of routine diagnostic investigation of the renal function. Bio-kinetics and bio-distribution of 99mTc-DTPA in patients was evaluated by dual-head gamma camera imaging and blood-plasma sample counting method. Radiation dose estimations were performed using standard MIRD techniques and biodistribution of different organ was estimated by drawing region of interest (ROI) according to MIRD phantom model [1]. From the time-activity curves, cumulative activities and residence times of 99mTc- DTPA in the kidneys, brain, upper large intestine (ULI), small intestine (SI), lower large intestine (LLI), stomach, heart, liver, lung and remainder of the body was calculated. Using the information of residence times of the total body and urinary bladder voiding at 2.4 hours on MIRD 12 absorbed dose for the 99mTc-DTPA in different target organs of the body was measured [2]. The estimated average absorbed dose to the kidneys as a target organ in normal Bangladeshis are 5.71E-03 mGy/MBq of 99mTc-DTPA which is closer to the ICRP 53 and other recent published data. The calculated effective dose equivalent and effective dose was found 5.72E-03 mSv/MBq and 4.89E-03 mSv/MBq respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmp.v4i1.14674 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Physics Vol.4 No.1 2011 21-26