Heritability and genetic variance estimation of Osteosarcoma (OSA) in Irish Wolfhound, using deep pedigree information

Background Osteosarcoma (OSA) is a devastating disease that is common in the Irish Wolfhound breed. The aim of this study was to use a pedigree-based approach to determine the heritability of OSA in the Irish Wolfhound using data from a large publically available database. Results The pedigree used for this study included 5110 pure-bred Irish Wolfhounds, including 332 dogs diagnosed with OSA and 360 control dogs; dogs were considered controls if they lived over 10 years of age and were not reported to have developed OSA. The estimated heritability of OSA in the Irish Wolfhound was 0.65. Conclusion The results of this study indicate that OSA in the Irish Wolfhound is highly heritable, and support the need for future research investigating associated genetic mutations.

The genetic architecture of obsessive-compulsive disorder: alleles across the frequency spectrum contribute liability to OCD

ObjectiveObsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is known to be substantially heritable; however, the contribution of common genetic variation across the allele frequency spectrum to this heritability remains uncertain. We use two new, homogenous cohorts to estimate heritability of OCD from common genetic variation and contrast results with prior studies.MethodsThe sample consisted of 2096 Swedish-born individuals diagnosed with OCD and 4609 controls, all genotyped for common genetic variants, specifically >400,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with minor allele frequency (MAF) ≥ 0.01. Using genotypes of these SNPs to estimate distant familial relationships among individuals, we estimated heritability of OCD, both overall and partitioned according to MAF bins.ResultsWe estimated narrow-sense heritability of 28% (SE=4%). The estimate was robust, varying only modestly under different models. Contrary to an earlier study, however, SNPs with MAF between 0.01 and 0.05 accounted for 8% of heritability and estimated heritability per bin roughly follows expectations based on a simple model for SNP-based heritability.ConclusionsThese results indicate that common inherited risk variation (MAF ≥ 0.01) accounts for most of the heritable variation in OCD. SNPs with low MAF contribute meaningfully to the heritability of OCD and the results are consistent with expectation under the “infinitesimal model,” where risk is influenced by a large number of loci across the genome and across MAF bins.

Estimation of additive and dominance genetic variance components for female fertility traits in Iranian Holstein cows

The aim of the current study was to estimate additive and dominance genetic variance components for days from calving to first service (DFS), a number of services to conception (NSC) and days open (DO). Data consisted of 25 518 fertility records from first parity dairy cows collected from 15 large Holstein herds of Iran. To estimate the variance components, two models, one including only additive genetic effects and another fitting both additive and dominance genetic effects together, were used. The additive and dominance relationship matrices were constructed using pedigree data. The estimated heritability for DFS, NSC and DO were 0.068, 0.035 and 0.067, respectively. The differences between estimated heritability using the additive genetic and additive-dominance genetic models were negligible regardless of the trait under study. The estimated dominance variance was larger than the estimated additive genetic variance. The ratio of dominance variance to phenotypic variance was 0.260, 0.231 and 0.196 for DFS, NSC and DO, respectively. Akaike's information criteria indicated that the model fitting both additive and dominance genetic effects is the best model for analysing DFS, NSC and DO. Spearman's rank correlations between the predicted breeding values (BV) from additive and additive-dominance models were high (0.99). Therefore, ranking of the animals based on predicted BVs was the same in both models. The results of the current study confirmed the importance of taking dominance variance into account in the genetic evaluation of dairy cows.

KORELASI GENETIK DAN FENOTIPIK BOBOT BADAN UMUR EMPAT MINGGU DENGAN BOBOT TELUR PADA PUYUH JEPANG (Coturnix coturnix japonica) Genotipic and Fenotipic Correlation Among Four-Week Body Weight and Eggs Weight Of Japanese Quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica)

Abstrak Penelitian mengenai korelasi genetik dan fenotipik bobot badan umur empat minggu dengan bobot telur telah dilaksanakan di Program Studi Peternakan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Majalengka. Tujuan penelitian yaitu untuk mempelajari korelasi genetik dan fenotipik bobot badan umur empat minggu dengan bobot telur. Percobaan dilakukan pada 369 ekor puyuh betina yang merupakan keturunan pertama dari pejantan 60 ekor dan betina 120 ekor yang ditetaskan dalam 3 periode penetasan. Metode penelitian menggunakan hubungan saudara tiri sebapak (paternal halfsib correlatian) dengan pola (nested unequal subclass number). Parameter genetik yang diamati yaitu heritabilitas, korelasi genetik dan korelasi fenotipik bobot badan umur empat minggu bobot telur. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa nilai heritabilitas bobot badan umur empat minggu dan bobot telur yaitu 0,563+0,226 dan 0,584+0,281 termasuk kategori tinggi. Nilai korelasi genetik dan fenotipik bobot badan umur empat minggu dengan bobot telur yaitu 0,824+0,187 dan 0,693+0,245. Hal demikian menunjukan bahwa seleksi untuk bobot telur dapat dilakukan pada bobot badan umur empat minggu Kata kunci : heritabilitas, korelasi genetik dan fenotipik, bobot badan dan bobot telur puyuh Abstract The research was conducted at animal husbandry studi program faculty of agricultural Majalengka University. The object of research were study about four-week body weight and eggs weight heritability’s, and than genetic and fenotipic correlation between four-week body weight and eggs weight. Material used were 369 female japanese quail from 60 sire and 120 dam from third periode of hacthery. The method which applied was experimental. The data were analyzed statistically using unequal subclass number design. The result of research estimated heritability obtained using faternal halfsib correlation were four-week body weight 0,563+0,226 was high category and eggs weight 0,584+0,281was high category. Genetic and fenotipic correlation between four-week body weight and eggs weight 0,824+0,187 dan 0,693+0,245. This result shows that selection of one trait will give advantage respon to another trait. Key words : heritability, genetic and fenotipic correlation, body weight dan eggs weight of quail

EVALUASI BOBOT LAHIR DAN NILAI HERITABILITASNYA PADA SAPI BALI DI BPTU HPT PULUKAN BALI (Evaluated Means of Birth Weight and it’s Heritability Value in Bali Cattle at BPTU HMT Denpasar Bali)

Abstrak Bobot lahir merupakan parameter awal di dalam mengidentifikasi produktivitas seekor ternak dan pendugaan nilai heritabilitas suatu sifat merupakan parameter genetik yang penting didalm melakukan seleksi berdasarkan sifat tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi bobot lahir dan nilai heritabilitasnya pada sapi Bali di BPTU HMT Denpasar yang dapat digunakan sebagai dasar seleksi bibit berdasarkan bobot lahir. Peneilitian ini menggunakan 100 data bobot lahir sapi Bali, yang diperoleh dari 58 ekor sapi betina dan 42 ekor sapi jantan, sedangkan pendugaan heritabilitas bobot lahir menggunakan 99 data bobot lahir berasal dari 99 ekor induk dan lima pejantan. Bobot lahir dievaluasi menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan pendugaan nilai heritabilitas dianalisis menggunakan analisis sidik ragam pola Half sib. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bobot lahir sapi Bali betina adalah 18,95 ± 2,16 kg dan jantan adalah 20,12 ± 2,19 kg. Nilai heritabilitas bobot lahir sapi Bali adalah 0,024 ± 0,08. Nilai heritabilitas bobot lahir di BPTU HMT Denpasar termasuk dalam kategori rendah. Kata Kunci : Sapi Bali, Bobot Lahir, Heritabilitas Abstract Birth weight is the initial parameter to identify livestock productivity and estimated heritability value of the trait is an important genetic parameter to do the selection based on that trait. The objectives of this study were evaluated means of birth weight and it’s heritability value in Bali cattle at BPTU HMT Denpasar Bali, which can be used as the base of selection. This research used 100 birth weight data of Bali cattle, obtained from 58 female and 42 male calves, whereas the estimation of birth weight heritability using 99 birth weight data from 99 cows and five bulls. Birth weight was evaluated using descriptive statistic and estimated heritability value was analyzed using ANOVA (analysis of variance) based on pathernal half sib correlation. The results showed that the birth weight of female and males calves were 18.95 ± 2.16 kg 20.12 ± 2.19 kg respectively. The birth weight estimated heritability value of Bali cattle in BPTU HMT Denpasar was 0.024 ± 0.08 . this value was in low category. Keywords : Bali cattle, Birth weight, Heretability

Türkiye’de Yetiştirilen Holştayn İneklerde Döl Verim Özelliklerine Ait Fenotipik ve Genotipik Parametre Tahminleri

In this study, reproductive parameters of Holstein Friesian cows raised at Koçaş State Farm were investigated. Average, first breeding age, first calving age, calving interval, number of insemination per gestation and service period were found as, 529,66, 849,59, 378,61 d, 1,92 times and 105,67 d respectively. Also, estimated heritability values of same traits were as 0,30, 0,20, 0,02, 0,09 and 0,11 respectively. The effects of year, season and lactation number on services insemination per pregnancy; the effects of year on calving interval and first breeding age were found significantly. In conclusion, data of reproductive traits of Holstein Friesian cows in raised Koçaş State Farm herd were determined well condition and the estimated phenotypic and genotypic parameters are within reasonable limits.

Pengembangan Kriteria Seleksi untuk Perakitan Terung (Solanum melongena L.) Berdaya Hasil Tinggi

<p>Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) are consumed worldwide in a variety of colors, shapes and sizes, thus vegetable plant breeders place great interest in developing high yielding genotypes in response to the population growth and the need to increase vegetable production. This research was aimed to determine the proper character as selection character for breeding high yielding eggplants by using estimated heritability value, coefficient of genetic diversity, characters correlation and path analysis. The experiment was conducted during 2014 to August 2015 at Cikabayan Experimental Field, Tajur Experimental Field and Pasir Sarongge Experimental Field, IPB, West Java. A total of 12 characters was observed in the 25 genotypes. Eleven characters has a high estimated heritability value and high coefficient of genetic diversity value. Those characters were time of flowering, time of harvest, fruit length, fruit weight, fruit diameter, plant height, stem length, fruit apical scar length, calyx length, the number of fruits per plant and fruit weight per plant. Results of correlation and path analysis showed that fruit length, fruit weight, fruit diameter, stem diameter, calyx length and number of fruits per plant have a direct positive effect on fruit weight per plant. Fruit weight, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant are suitable characters in determining the selection criteria for developing high productivity eggplant.<br /><br />Keywords: path analysis, correlation, heritability, genetic diversity coefficient<br /><br /><br /></p>

ESTIMASI HERITABILITAS DAN RESPONS SELEKSI PERSILANGAN IKAN GURAMI (Osphronemus goramy Lac.)

Ikan gurami (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) dikenal sebagai ikan yang lambat tumbuh. Perbaikan mutu genetik dapat dilakukan untuk mengatasi kendala tersebut, salah satunya adalah melalui program seleksi. Pembentukan populasi dasar dengan menggabungkan persilangan empat populasi Kalimantan, Jambi, Majalengka (M), dan Tasikmalaya dilakukan untuk meningkatkan keragaman genetik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengestimasi nilai heritabilitas dan respons seleksi karakter pertumbuhan bobot ikan gurami hasil persilangan empat populasi gurami sebagai populasi dasar. Persilangan dilakukan dengan rasio jantan: betina (1:1) dan terbentuk 12 famili. Seleksi dilakukan menggunakan metode seleksi famili berdasarkan karakter bobot. Parameter yang diamati adalah karakter pertumbuhan bobot. Data yang digunakan untuk perhitungan etimasi heritabilitas dan respons seleksi adalah data bobot pada umur 11 bulan. Dari data tersebut digunakan untuk menghitung koefisien keragaman (CV), diferensial seleksi (S), estimasi nilai heritabilitas (h2), estimasi respons seleksi (R), dan standard error (SE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi dasar yang terbentuk memiliki nilai estimasi heritabilitas 0,4991 yang termasuk kategori tinggi, diferensial seleksi sebesar 124,22 g; sehingga mendapatkan nilai estimasi respons seleksi sebesar 62 g atau (18,2%).Giant gourami (Osphronemus goramy Lac.) is known as a slow growing fish. Genetic improvement can be done to overcome this obstacle; one way is through the selection program. Formation of base population by combining cross four populations can increase genetic diversity. The crosses four populations were: Kalimantan (Borneo), Jambi, Majalengka, and Tasikmalaya. The purpose of this study was to estimate the heritability and response to selection of characters in length and weights of giant gourami from four crosses population as the base population of synthetic material. Crossings were made with the ratio of male: female (1:1) to form 12 families. Selection was made after 11 months old fish. Selection was done using the family selection method based on the body weight character. Observations were conducted on parameter the body weight (BW). The data was used to calculate the coefficient of variance (CV), the selection differential (S), the estimated heritability (h2), the estimated selection response (R), and standard error (SE). The result showed an estimated heritability value was 0.4991 and categorized as high level, amounting to 124.22 g of selection differential, so the estimated selection response value was 62 g (18.2%).

Estimation of heritability coefficients of number of born alive piglets in the first three farrowings swedish landrace sows

The main objective of this study was to evaluate phenotypic and genetic variation of the number of piglets born alive (NBA) Swedish Landrace sows (SL) in three consecutive parities under the influence of sires, year and season of mating. The study included: 618 litters in the first, 470 in the second and 403 litter in the third farrowing. Testing the homogeneity of variance was performed with Levene?s test. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (Statistica Ver. 6.0., 2003). Heritability coefficients were evaluated by intra-class correlation. Swedish Landrace sires have influenced on the variability of the NBA's daughter in the first and second farrowing (p<0.05), but not in the third farrowing. Year and season of mating was not influenced on the variability of the NBA (p>0.05). The estimated heritability coefficients for the NBA were the highest in the second (0.123), then the first (0.092) and lowest in the third farrowing (0.030).