scholarly journals Intricate Interplay of Entwined Metabolic and Inflammatory Life-threatening Processes in Tumor Lysis Syndrome Complicating Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review with a Single Institution Experience

Cureus ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawood Findakly ◽  
Jue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Threatening Processes

scholarly journals The Domino Effect-Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Obstruction Triggering Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Suman Ghosh ◽  
Tilak TVSVGK ◽  
Venkatesan Somasundaram ◽  
Mutreja Deepti
Keyword(s):  
Superior Vena Cava ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Potassium Phosphate ◽  
Successful Outcome ◽  
Superior Vena Cava Obstruction ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Life Threatening

Oncological emergencies present in a multitude of manners-structural, metabolic, hematologic, etc. affecting multiple systems, often. Urgent institution of therapy is often required for a successful outcome. Occasionally, the treatment of one emergency can initiate a related or unrelated emergency, necessitating management of all the complications simultaneously. Superior vena cava obstruction (SVCO) is a medical emergency and most often manifests in patients with a malignant disease process requiring immediate diagnostic evaluation and therapy due to its’ life threatening presentation. The management of the SVCO is usually with chemotherapy, radiotherapy or intervention. In cases of large tumor burden, management of SVCO can trigger other complications. Tumor lysis syndrome is an oncologic emergency, which is characterized by a massive release of intracellular potassium, phosphate, and nucleic acid metabolites into the systemic circulation, which can be life-threatening. We present the case of a T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia with superior vena cava syndrome, developing tumor lysis syndrome on instituting definitive chemotherapy in a young patient. Doi: 10.28991/SciMedJ-2021-0301-6 Full Text: PDF

Hematologic and Oncologic Emergencies

2019 ◽  
pp. 170-177
Author(s):  
James McCue
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Standardized Tests ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Oncologic Emergencies ◽  
First Response ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Life Threatening

Hematologic and oncologic emergencies are an uncommon reason for people to present to the emergency department (ED), but when they do, it is important to know how to diagnose and treat these conditions because many of them are life threatening. Whether it is bleeding due to conditions such as hemophilia, von Willebrand’s disease, warfarin use, or dangerous conditions related to cancer such as tumor lysis syndrome or neutropenic fever, knowing the basics will help you manage these patients and also ace the standardized tests. This chapter presents questions related to the diagnosis, clinical effects, best first response in the ED, and most appropriate treatment of a wide range of these hematologic and oncologic emergencies.

scholarly journals Prevention and Treatment of Tumor Lysis Syndrome in the Era of Onco-Nephrology Progress

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-660
Author(s):  
Joanna Matuszkiewicz-Rowinska ◽  
Jolanta Malyszko
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Diuretic Therapy ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Phosphate Binders ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Clinical Consequences ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Knowledge Of Cancer

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is an oncologic emergency due to a rapid break down of malignant cells usually induced by cytotoxic therapy, with hyperuricemia, hyperkalemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and serious clinical consequences such as acute renal injury, cardiac arrhythmia, hypotension, and death. Rapidly expanding knowledge of cancer immune evasion mechanisms and host-tumor interactions has significantly changed our therapeutic strategies in hemato-oncology what resulted in the expanding spectrum of neoplasms with a risk of TLS. Summary: Since clinical TLS is a life-threatening condition, identifying patients with risk factors for TLS development and implementation of adequate preventive measures remains the most critical component of its medical management. In general, these consist of vigilant laboratory and clinical monitoring, vigorous IV hydration, urate-lowering therapy, avoidance of exogenous potassium, use of phosphate binders, and – in high-risk cases – considering cytoreduction before the start of the aggressive agent or a gradual escalation of its dose. Key Messages: In patients with a high risk of TLS, cytotoxic chemotherapy should be given in the facility with ready access to dialysis and a treatment plan discussed with the nephrology team. In the case of hyperkalemia, severe hyperphosphatemia or acidosis, and fluid overload unresponsive to diuretic therapy, the early renal replacement therapy (RRT) should be considered. One must remember that in TLS, the threshold for RRT initiation may be lower than in other clinical situations since the process of cell breakdown is ongoing, and rapid increases in serum electrolytes cannot be predicted.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Series and Case Reports

2012 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal M. Firwana ◽  
Rim Hasan ◽  
Nour Hasan ◽  
Fares Alahdab ◽  
Iyad Alnahhas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Tumor Lysis

scholarly journals Fatal Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome in a Patient with Metastatic Colon Cancer: A Clinical Case of Rare Oncological Emergency

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Inna Shaforostova ◽  
Robert Fiedler ◽  
Martina Zander ◽  
Johannes Pflumm ◽  
Wolfgang Josef März
Keyword(s):  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Multiorgan Failure ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Metastatic Colon Cancer ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Oncological Emergency ◽  
Electrolyte Disturbances ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Spontaneous Tumor Lysis Syndrome

Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potentially life-threatening complication of chemotherapy. It usually occurs in rapidly proliferating hematological malignancies. TLS is deemed spontaneous (STLS) when it occurs prior to any cytotoxic or definite treatment. STLS is extremely rare in solid tumors. Here, we report a rare case of fatal STLS in a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with metastatic colon cancer. The patient developed acute renal failure with anuria, electrolyte disturbances, and metabolic acidosis before initiating chemotherapy. Despite appropriate management of TLS, including renal replacement therapy, she died within a few days from multiorgan failure. Only few other case reports of STLS associated with colon cancer have been reported in the literature.

Rare incidence of tumor lysis syndrome in metastatic prostate cancer following treatment with docetaxel

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharonlin Bhardwaj ◽  
Seema Varma
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Prostate Cancer ◽  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Cell Turnover ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Tumor Lysis

Tumor lysis syndrome is a serious and sometimes lethal complication of cancer treatment that is comprised of a set of metabolic disturbances along with clinical manifestations. Initiating chemotherapy in bulky, rapidly proliferating tumors causes rapid cell turnover that in turn releases metabolites into circulation that give rise to metabolic derangements that can be dangerous. This syndrome is usually seen in high-grade hematological malignancies. Less commonly, tumor lysis syndrome can present in solid tumors and even rarely in genitourinary tumors. In this report, the authors describe a specific case of tumor lysis syndrome in a patient with metastatic prostate cancer following treatment with docetaxel.

scholarly journals Hyperleucocytosis in children with acute mieloid leukemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
N. V. Zacharov ◽  
I. I. Kalinina ◽  
D. A. Venev ◽  
T. Y. Salimova ◽  
D. A. Evseev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Life Threatening

This article presents analysis of recent publications on hyperleukocytosis in children with AML. The mechanisms of the development of life-threatening complications accompanying hyperleukocytosis are analyzed in detail. In this review of the literature, the authors focus on the adequacy and timing of therapy for such life-threatening complications of hyperleukocytosis as leukostasis, DIC, and acute tumor lysis syndrome. The authors emphasize that in the treatment of hyperleukocytosis an important place, in addition to specific therapy, is taken by the accompanying therapy in the intensive care unit. The place of replacement blood transfusions and leukopheresis as part of the accompanying therapy is discussed.

Tumor Lysis Syndrome After Platinum-based Chemotherapy in Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer With a BRCA2 Mutation: A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. e61-e64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Bobato Lara Gongora ◽  
Felipe Sales Nogueira Amorim Canedo ◽  
André Luis Alves de Melo ◽  
Regis Otaviano Franca Bezerra ◽  
Paula Fontes Asprino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Brca2 Mutation ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Lysis ◽  
Castration Resistant ◽  
Platinum Based Chemotherapy

scholarly journals Tumor Lysis Syndrome in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen-Wei Chou ◽  
Ken-Sheng Cheng ◽  
Trupti Akella ◽  
Chi Chan Lee ◽  
Teressa Ju
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Tumor Lysis
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