scholarly journals The effect of ectomycorrhizal fungi and bacteria on pine seedlings

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Dahm ◽  
Edward Strzelczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Ciesielska ◽  
Katarzyna Redlak
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Hebeloma Crustuliniforme ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of ecomycorrhizal fungi (<i>Hebelon crustuliniforme</i>(Bull.: Fr.) Quél. 5392 and <i> Pisolithus tinctorius</i> (Pers.) Coker et Couch 5335) and bacteria (<i>Bacillus polymyxa</i> and <i>Azospirillum brasilense</i>). associated with mycorrhizas on the growth of pine seedligs was investigated. In addition the influence of bacteria on fungal biomass production and the relationship between ectomycorrhizal fungi and fungi pathogenic to root of pine seedlings were determined. In general, the shoot/root ratio was higher in plants inoculated with <i>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</i> and bacteria than in the control seedlings (grown only under sterile conditions). In non-sterile substrate the root/shoot ratio of the mycorrhizal seedlings was lower as compared to the control. Similar phenomenon was noted in plants inoculated with the mycorrhizal fungus <i>Pisolithus tinetorius</i>. The bacteria used as well as the time of introduction of these organisms into the cultures of mycorrhiza fungi affected the production of fungal biomass. <i>Hebeloma crustuliniforme</i> and <i>Pisolithus tinctorius</i> inhibited the growth of <i>Rizoctonia solani</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> fungi pathogenic to pine seedlings.

Effect of ozone and aluminum on pitch pine (Pinusrigida) seedlings: growth and nutrient relations

1990 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 1714-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Schier ◽  
Carolyn J. McQuattie ◽  
Keith F. Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mineral Elements ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Pitch Pine ◽  
Nutrient Relations

Newly germimated pitch pine (Pinusrigida Mill.) seedlings inoculated with a mycorrhizal fungus (Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch) were grown for 13 weeks in sand irrigated with nutrient solution (pH 4.0) containing 0, 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 mg/L of aluminum (Al) in growth chambers fumigated with 0, 50, 100, or 200 ppb ozone. Increasing the concentration of ozone or Al caused increasing reductions in needle length, seedling height, and biomass of needles, stems, and roots. Significant ozone × Al interactions indicated that ozone and Al were interacting synergistically in reducing growth. Effect of treatments on the root/shoot ratio demonstrated that shoot growth was more sensitive to Al than root growth, whereas root growth was more sensitive to ozone. The concentration of most mineral elements (P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn) in needles was reduced by ozone or Al. Iron was the only element that increased with increasing concentrations of ozone or Al.

Sclerotia of the Gasteromycete Pisolithus tinctorius

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1505-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Dennis
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Pine Seedlings

Hyphal masses, morphologically identified as the sclerotia of Pisolithus tinctorius, were found associated with root systems of containerized pine seedlings inoculated with this mycorrhizal fungus. The sclerotia are described and the results and method used for isolation are reported.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FUNGAL HORMONE PRODUCTION AND ECTOMYCORRHIZAL INFECTION OF PINUS MUGO

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 782G-783
Author(s):  
Henry E. DeVries ◽  
Joseph P. Lardner ◽  
Kenneth W. Mudge
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Laccaria Bicolor ◽  
Pinus Mugo ◽  
Hormone Production ◽  
Amanita Muscaria ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Infection

To test the hypothesis that phytohormone production is related to mycorrhizae formation 29 isolates of ectomycorrhizal fungi have been evaluated for production of ethylene and auxin in pure culture and for their ability to form ectomycorrhizae with Pinus mugo. The fungi tested included a series of monokaryotic isolates of Laccaria bicolor and dikaryotic isolates of Amanita muscaria, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, L. laccata, L. proxima, Pisolithus tinctorius, Rhizopogon ellenae, and R. vinicolor. Inoculated root systems were rated for mycorrhizae formation, root/shoot ratio and root morphology. P. tinctorius isolates which formed abundant mycorrhizae produce no ethylene in vitro, but did produce the auxin IAA. L. bicolor isolates produced ethylene as well as auxins putatively identified as IAA, and IBA. Correlations between phytohormone production and mycorrhizogenicity will be presented.

Influence of Fertilization and Ectomycorrhizae on Loblolly Pine Growth and Susceptibility to Fusiform Rust

1983 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Powers ◽  
S. J. Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Infected Tree ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Susceptible Control ◽  
Rust Severity

Abstract The application of fertilizer and the mycorrhizal fungus, Pisolithus tinctorius, did not increase the height growth of loblolly pine seedlings during their first four years of growth. Fertilization, however, did increase the overall number of fusiform rust galls per infected tree. This increase was highly significant on the susceptible control seedlings, but was not significant on resistant Livingston Parish seedlings. This indicates that cultural practices such as fertilization can be applied to rust-resistant seedlings, such as the Livingston Parish seed source, without significantly increasing rust severity.

Sclerotia as viable sources of mycelia for the establishment of ectomycorrhizae

1985 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1085-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Grenville ◽  
Y. Piché ◽  
R. L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Pisolithus Tinctorius ◽  
Paxillus Involutus ◽  
Hartig Net ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Pure Cultures

The ectomycorrhizal fungi Pisolithus tinctorius and Paxillus involutus, which have wide host potential and diverse ecological ranges, were grown in association with pine seedlings in plastic growth pouches. Sclerotia formed under these conditions were stored at room temperature for up to 30 days and then germinated on agar medium. Pure cultures of P. involutus also produced sclerotia and these also regenerated in culture. Mycelial plugs from the sclerotia-derived cultures were subsequently reinoculated onto pine roots. Typical ectomycorrhizae with a mantle and Hartig net were established.

Effect of artificial defoliation on biomass allocation in ectomycorrhizal Pinussylvestris seedlings

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mari Markkola
Keyword(s):  
Fine Roots ◽  
Fungal Biomass ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Allocation Pattern ◽  
Seedling Root ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Defoliation Treatment

Ectomycorrhizal seedlings of Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) were subjected to repeated artificial defoliation (0, 25, 50, and 75%) to demonstrate the effect of a reduced amount of photosynthates on the allocation of biomass between the tree and its fungal symbionts. Defoliation reduced shoot biomass in the seedlings significantly, and belowground parts adjusted to the same growth level. Biomass parameters of seedlings that had undergone the mildest defoliation treatment did not differ significantly from control seedlings, while the two most intensive treatments reduced growth and biomass of seedlings in a similar way. Defoliation did not reduce mycorrhizal colonization or fungal biomass calculated per unit weight of fine roots. Actual needle biomass in seedlings correlated positively with stem biomass, total root biomass, fungal biomass both in roots and in soil, and the number of mycorrhizal root tips per seedling. Root/shoot ratio and total allocation pattern were relatively constant.

Effects of Single-seed Sowing on Root Growth, Root-shoot Ratio, and Yield inPeanut (Arachis hypogacaL.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (12) ◽  
pp. 2228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye FENG ◽  
Feng GUO ◽  
Bao-Long LI ◽  
Jing-Jing MENG ◽  
Xin-Guo LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Shoot Ratio ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Seed Sowing

scholarly journals Ectomycorrhizal Fungi Associated with Pinus densiflora Seedlings under Flooding Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4367
Author(s):  
Yoonhee Cho ◽  
Shinnam Yoo ◽  
Myung Soo Park ◽  
Ji Seon Kim ◽  
Chang Sun Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Thelephora Terrestris ◽  
Suillus Luteus ◽  
Flooding Stress ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Rhizopogon Luteolus

Flooding is an environmental stress for plants that not only limits aeration and nutrient acquisition, but also disturbs underground plant-associated fungal communities. Despite frequent flooding, red pine (Pinus densiflora) seedlings thrive in streamside environments. However, whether the compatible ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) of red pine are affected by natural flooding is unclear. As EMF are vital symbionts for the development of many trees and allow them to overcome various environmental stresses, in this study, the EMF species associated with red pine seedlings in a streamside environment in Korea were investigated after flooding. The EMF species in 47 seedlings collected from the streamside site were identified by observing their different morphotypes using internal transcribed spacer sequence analysis, and a total of 10 EMF species were identified. The EMF species diversity was lower than that in samples collected from a nearby forest analyzed as a control. The dominant EMF species of streamside seedlings included Amphinema spp., Rhizopogon luteolus, Suillus luteus, and Thelephora terrestris. This study could serve as a basis for investigating the mechanisms by which advantageous EMF aid plant development under flooding stress.

Distributions and Compositions of Brominated Diphenyl Ethers-209 in Pine Seedlings Inoculated with Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

2019 ◽  
Vol 230 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhugui Wen ◽  
Mengyu Chen ◽  
Huilong Lu ◽  
Shiqi Huang ◽  
Jincheng Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Brominated Diphenyl Ethers ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Diphenyl Ethers
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