scholarly journals Control of the root-rot and root-knot disease complex by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: impact of bacterial rhizosphere colonization

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
S. S.. Shaukat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Infection ◽  
Gall Formation ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Rhizosphere Colonization ◽  
Growth Promoting

The potential of 3 <i>Pseudomonas aeriuginosa</i> strains as biocontrol agents of rootinfecting fungi <i>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and the root-knot nematode <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> was tested on chili and uridbean under greenhouse conditions. All the three strains significantly reduced nematode populations in soil, invasion, multiplication and gall formation due to <i>M.javanica</i>. Root infection by fungi was also effectively suppressed following <i>P.aeruginosa</i> application. Bacterial antagonists exhibited better biocontrol and growth promoting activity in 15-day-old plants than did those harvested at 30 or 45 days. Population of the bacterium in the rhizosphere declined rapidly after 15 days of nematode inoculation. Strain Pa-5 showed maximum nodulation in 15-day-old samplings while strain Pa-7 showed highest number of nodules in 30 and 45-day-old uridbean plants.

scholarly journals Use of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and soil organic amendments for the management of root diseases complex of uridbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. S.. Shaukat ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Organic Amendment ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Neem Cake ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Efficacy of two strains of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> (Pa-5 and IE-2) and <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> isolate alone or in conjunction with neem cake or <i>Datura fastuosa</i> was tested for the management of three soilbrne root-infecting fungi including <i>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> and the root-knot nematode, <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i> on uridbean. Biocontrol bacteria used in combination with either neem cake or <i>D.fastuosa</i> gave better control of the root-rot and root-knot infection with the enhancement of growth of uridbean compared to the use ofeither component alone. Neem cake l% w/w mixed with <i>P.aeruginosa</i> strain IE-2 caused greatest inhibition of the root-knot development due to <i>M.javanica, P.aeruginosa</i> and <i>B.subtilis</i> used with organic amendment also increased <i>Bradyrhizobium</i>-nodules in the root system.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other biocontrol agents in the control of root rot infection in cotton

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 5-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamama Shamim ◽  
Nuzhat Ahmad ◽  
Atta Rahman ◽  
S. Ehteshmul-Haque ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Trichoderma Koningii ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
Combined Use

Seed dressing with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Paecilomyces lilacinus and Trichoderma koningii</em> significantly (p<0,05) reduced infection of <em>Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani</em> and <em>Fusarium solani</em> on cotton roots in pot experiments and in field. Combined use of P.aeruginosa strain CMG63 with <em>T.koningii</em> produced greater plant height and fresh weight of shoot in field as compared to CMG52 which showed better results in pot experiments.

scholarly journals Effect of crustacean chitin on the efficacy of plant growth promoting bacteria in the control of root infecting fungi of sunflower and chickpea

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viqar Sutana ◽  
Syed Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
Jehan Ara ◽  
Rashid Qasim ◽  
Abdul Ghaffar
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Soil amendment with crustacean chitin used alone or with <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacillus subtilis</em> significantly (p<0,05) reduced infection of <em>Rhizoctonia solani Fusarium solani</em> on sunflower and <em>R.solani</em> on chickpea. Crab chitin used alone or with <em>P.aeruginosa</em> or <em>B.subtilis</em> completely controlled the infection of <em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em> on chickpea. Prawn or shrimp powder used 1% w/w of soil was found phytotoxic on chickpea but not on sunflower. Maximum fresh weight of shoot was produced by <em>P.aeruginosa</em> used with shrimp powder in sunflower and with crab chitin in chickpea. <em>P.aeruginosa</em> produced greater plant height in chickpea used with shrimp chitin.

scholarly journals In-vitro compatibility assay of indigenous Trichoderma and Pseudomonas species and their antagonistic activities against black root rot disease (Fusarium solani) of faba bean (Vicia faba L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alemayehu Dugassa ◽  
Tesfaye Alemu ◽  
Yitbarek Woldehawariat
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Biocontrol Agents ◽  
Black Root Rot ◽  
Root Rot Disease ◽  
Rot Disease

Abstract Background Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) cultivation is highly challenged by faba bean black root rot disease (Fusarium solani) in high lands of Ethiopia. To ensure sustainable production of faba beans, searching for eco-friendly disease management options is necessary to curb the progress of the disease timely. The indigenous biocontrol agents that suit local environments may effectively strive with in-situ microorganisms and suppress local pathogen strains. This study aimed to screen antagonistic indigenous compatible Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains against Fusarium solani. In the pathogenicity test, soil-filled pots were arranged in complete random block design and sown with health faba bean seeds. The effect of some fungicides was evaluated against Fusarium by food poisoning methods to compare with the biocontrol agents. The antagonistic efficacy of biocontrol agents and their compatibility was investigated on Potato dextrose agar medium. Results Fusarium solani AAUF51 strain caused an intense root rotting in faba bean plant. The effect of Mancozeb 80% WP at 300 ppm was comparable with Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains against Fusarium. The mycelial growth of test the pathogen was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced to 86.67 and 85.19% by Trichoderma harzianum AAUW1 and Trichoderma viridae AAUC22 strains in dual culture, respectively. The volatile metabolites of Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31 (77.78%) found the most efficient in reducing mycelial growth of Fusarium followed by Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 (71.11%) strains. The cell-free culture filtrates of Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31 were more efficient than the Trichoderma strain in reducing the growth of Fusarium isolates. There was no zone of inhibition recorded between Trichoderma harzianum AAUW1, Trichoderma viridae AAUC22, Pseudomonas aeruginosa AAUS31, and Pseudomonas fluorescens AAUPF62 strains, hence they were mutually compatible. Conclusions The compatible Trichoderma and Pseudomonas strains showed antagonistic potentiality that could be explored for faba bean protection against black root rot disease and might have a future dual application as biocontrol agents.

scholarly journals Reaction of potential guava rootstocks to Meloidogyne enterolobii

Revista CERES ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Marcelo Chiamolera ◽  
Antonio Baldo Geraldo Martins ◽  
Pedro Luiz Martins Soares ◽  
Tatiana Pagan Loeiro da Cunha-Chiamolera
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
System Development ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Root System Development ◽  
Meloidogyne Enterolobii ◽  
Reproduction Factor

ABSTRACT Root-knot nematode Meloidogyne enterolobii is the main phytosanitary problem of guava cultivation in Brazil. Among the strategies to manage the problem, the best prospects are in identifying or developing cultivars or rootstocks that are resistant to this nematode. To identify plants with potential as rootstocks for guava, the reaction of araçá (wild guava) to M. enterolobii was assessed in a greenhouse experiment. Seven araçá species were evaluated (Eugenia stipitata, Psidium acutangulum, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, P. friedrichsthalianum, P. guajava var. minor, P. guineense, and Psidium sp.). The plants were inoculated with a suspension of 3,000 eggs of M. enterolobii, using eggplant as control treatment. The parameters fresh root mass, number of eggs and second stage juveniles (J2) per root system, the reproduction factor (RF = Pf/Pi), and araçá reaction were determined during the experiment. RF of the araçá species E. stipitata, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, and P. friedrichsthalianum was less than one (RP < 1), therefore resistant to M. enterolobii. The araçá trees had good root system development and the susceptible plants showed many root galls, high number of eggs and J2, and Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani root rot. The araçá species, P. cattleyanum ‘yellow’, P. friedrichsthalianum, and E. stipitata are resistant to M. enterolobii and can be tested as potential guava rootstocks.

scholarly journals Biocontrol potential of endophytic fungus Talaromyces trachyspermus against root rot pathogens of sunflower

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiza Farhat ◽  
Faizah Urooj ◽  
Muhammed Irfan ◽  
Nida Sohail ◽  
Saima Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Significant Activity

Abstract Several reports revealed that endophytic fungi have great influence on host plants, as they promote plant growth and minimize disease severity caused by various pathogens. In this study, endophytic fungi isolated from healthy plants were identified as Aspergillus terreus, Curvularia lanata, C. hawaiiensis, Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium solani, Talaromyces assiutensis and T. trachyspermus were evaluated for antimicrobial activity, using dual-culture plate assay and agar disc diffusion method. They have shown significant activity against root rot pathogens, Macrophomina phaseolina, Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani and F.oxysporum. Talaromyces assiutensis and T. trachyspermus were selected for further study, since other fungi are well known plant pathogens or environmental contaminants. They were applied in pots and field plot experiments using sunflower as test plant. There efficacy was also compared with endophytic Cephalosporium sp., and Chaetomium sp. Talaromyces spp., significantly suppressed root rotting fungi and improved plant biomass. They ameliorated production of plant defense biochemical markers (polyphenolic content and salicylic acid) and antioxidant potential of treated plants. GC-MS profiling of n- hexane fraction of T. trachyspermus yielded several new compounds from this source. Endophytic fungi associated with healthy plants have great potential to suppress root rotting fungi and stimulate production of plant’s defense biochemical markers.

scholarly journals Interaction of Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani as root rot pathogens of Cucumis melo

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
Maria Alice Formiga Porto ◽  
Márcia Michelle de Queiroz Ambrósio ◽  
Selma Rogéria de Carvalho Nascimento ◽  
Beatriz Letícia Silva da Cruz ◽  
Taffarel Melo Torres
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Root Diseases ◽  
Mixed Inoculum

ABSTRACT Root diseases represent one of the main reasons for yield loss in melon crops, especially root and stem rots caused by pathogens like the fungi Fusarium solani (Fs), Macrophomina phaseolina (Mp) and Rhizoctonia solani (Rs), frequently observed in muskmelon either alone or in combination. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the interaction between the pathogens Fs, Mp and Rs on the incidence and severity of root rot and muskmelon development. Two greenhouse experiments were performed using plastic pots with substrate infested with each pathogenic agent alone or in combination. The second experiment was conducted in the same pots that were used in the first experiment. In the first experiment, the disease incidence was higher for the treatment with Fs alone. In the second experiment, the disease incidence and severity were greater for treatment Fs + Rs than for Fs alone. Macrophomina phaseolina was the most commonly isolated pathogen when applied to the plants in a paired mixed inoculum (Fs + Mp and Mp + Rs) in the first experiment. In the second experiment, Fs was more prevalent than the other studied pathogens. Soil infested with Fs had the lowest fresh weight of muskmelon. The pathogens Fs and Mp were more competitive than Rs.

scholarly journals Trigonella foenum-graecum (fenugreek)-mediated suppression of Meloidogyne javanica in mungbean

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tayyaba Zia ◽  
Imran A. Siddiqui ◽  
Syed S. Shaukat ◽  
Syed Nazaru-Hasnai
Keyword(s):  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Soil Suppressiveness ◽  
Juvenile Mortality ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
Population Numbers

Soil amendments with powdered seeds of <i>Trigonella foenum - graecum</i> (fenugreek) caused soil suppressiveness against <i>Meloidogyne javanica</i>. Decomposed seeds of fenugreek caused marked reduction in nematode population densities and subsequent root-knot development as compared to the aqueous extract of the seeds indicating that some indirect factors are involved in the suppression of root-knot nematode. Both decomposed seeds and aqueous extracts enhanced plant height and fresh weights of shoot whereas root growth remained uninfluenced. Changes in fungal communities associated with nematode control were studied by comparing population numbers of fungi in the soil and in internal root tissues (endorhiza) in non-amended and fenugreekamended soils. <i>Acremonium</i> sp., <i>Chaetomium globosum, Fusarium solani, Macrophomina phaseolina</i> and <i>Rhizoctonia solani</i> were found to colonize inner root tissues of mungbean. <i>Acremonium</i> sp., <i>C. globosum</i> and <i>F.solani</i> were isolated in a relatively higher frequency from roots growing in the amended soils while <i>M. phaseolina</i> and <i>R. solani</i> colonized greatly in roots growing in non-amended soil. Of the fungi isolated from soils, <i>Penicillium brefaldianum</i> caused maximum juvenile mortality of <i>M.javanica</i> whereas <i>F.solani</i> caused greatest inhibition of egg hatch.

scholarly journals Effect of systemic fungicides on the efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Schroeter) migula in the control of root-infecting fungi of wheat

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
I. A. Siddiqui ◽  
S. S. Shaukat ◽  
S. Ehteshamul-Haque ◽  
S. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Bacterial Survival ◽  
Thiophanate Methyl ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Effect of various fungicides on the efficacy of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, a plant growth-promoting rhizobacterium in the control of root-infecting fungi such as <i>Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum</i> and <i>F.solani</i> on four different varieties of wheat was evaluated under field conditions. Bayleton (a.i. triadimephon), Bavistin (a.i. carbendazym) and Topsin-M (a.i. thiophanate-methyl) reduced bacterial survival on wheat seeds whereas Benlate (a.i. benomyl) was not effective in this respect. <i>P.aeruginosa</i> used in combination with Benlate showed effective control of soilborne root-infecting fungi along with the enhancement of growth and grain yield of wheat.

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