Quercetin and Cinnamaldehyde Show Antipathogenic Activity Against Proteus mirabilis Isolates: Inhibition of Swarming Motility and Urease Activity

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Aygül ◽  
Filiz Kibar ◽  
Pınar Çıragil
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Swarming Motility

scholarly journals Deacidification by FhlA-dependent hydrogenase is involved in urease activity and urinary stone formation in uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shwu-Jen Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Proteus mirabilis is an important uropathogen, featured with urinary stone formation. Formate hydrogenlyase (FHL), consisting of formate dehydrogenase H and hydrogenase for converting proton to hydrogen, has been implicated in virulence. In this study, we investigated the role of P. mirabilis FHL hydrogenase and the FHL activator, FhlA. fhlA and hyfG (encoding hydrogenase large subunit) displayed a defect in acid resistance. fhlA and hyfG mutants displayed a delay in medium deacidification compared to wild-type and ureC mutant failed to deacidify the medium. In addition, loss of fhlA or hyfG decreased urease activity in the pH range of 5–8. The reduction of urease activities in fhlA and hyfG mutants subsided gradually over the pH range and disappeared at pH 9. Furthermore, mutation of fhlA or hyfG resulted in a decrease in urinary stone formation in synthetic urine. These indicate fhlA- and hyf-mediated deacidification affected urease activity and stone formation. Finally, fhlA and hyfG mutants exhibited attenuated colonization in mice. Altogether, we found expression of fhlA and hyf confers medium deacidification via facilitating urease activity, thereby urinary stone formation and mouse colonization. The link of acid resistance to urease activity provides a potential strategy for counteracting urinary tract infections by P. mirabilis.

scholarly journals The Pathogenic Potential of Proteus mirabilis Is Enhanced by Other Uropathogens during Polymicrobial Urinary Tract Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsie E. Armbruster ◽  
Sara N. Smith ◽  
Alexandra O. Johnson ◽  
Valerie DeOrnellas ◽  
Kathryn A. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Urinary catheter use is prevalent in health care settings, and polymicrobial colonization by urease-positive organisms, such as Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii, commonly occurs with long-term catheterization. We previously demonstrated that coinfection with P. mirabilis and P. stuartii increased overall urease activity in vitro and disease severity in a model of urinary tract infection (UTI). In this study, we expanded these findings to a murine model of catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI), delineated the contribution of enhanced urease activity to coinfection pathogenesis, and screened for enhanced urease activity with other common CAUTI pathogens. In the UTI model, mice coinfected with the two species exhibited higher urine pH values, urolithiasis, bacteremia, and more pronounced tissue damage and inflammation compared to the findings for mice infected with a single species, despite having a similar bacterial burden within the urinary tract. The presence of P. stuartii, regardless of urease production by this organism, was sufficient to enhance P. mirabilis urease activity and increase disease severity, and enhanced urease activity was the predominant factor driving tissue damage and the dissemination of both organisms to the bloodstream during coinfection. These findings were largely recapitulated in the CAUTI model. Other uropathogens also enhanced P. mirabilis urease activity in vitro, including recent clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We therefore conclude that the underlying mechanism of enhanced urease activity may represent a widespread target for limiting the detrimental consequences of polymicrobial catheter colonization, particularly by P. mirabilis and other urease-positive bacteria.

Urease activity related to the growth and differentiation of swarmer cells of Proteus mirabilis

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianru Jin ◽  
R. G. E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Maximum Proportion ◽  
The Media ◽  
Urease Production ◽  
Different Strains

Urease activity was measured using whole cells of both long (swarming) and short (nonswarming) populations of Proteus mirabilis from casein hydrolysate agar (CHA) and broth (CHB) cultures, and from brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) cultures. Urease is a constitutive enzyme for both long and short cells, but its activity was tremendously increased when urea was incorporated into the media. Urease production was also affected by culture age and media used. Before exponential phase, urease activity was very low, and it increased to its highest point after about 4 h in BHIB and 8 h in both CHA and CHB cultures at 37 °C. Long cells had higher urease activity than did short cells when grown on CHA, and was also expressed by two different strains cultured in BHIB. Strain PM23, in BHIB, was able to form long cells (swarming cells) to a maximum proportion after about 4 h, but strain IM47 could not differentiate in any of the liquid media. The former had more urease when swarming differentiation was initiated. PM23 grew relatively faster than IM47 when the former began to differentiate, but this fast growth could not be observed when nutrient broth or minimal medium was used. These observations suggest that long or swarming cells are "faster growing" rather than "nongrowing bactera."

scholarly journals Effect of Ibicella lutea on uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis growth, virulence, and biofilm formation

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 762-770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Sosa ◽  
Pablo Zunino
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
South American ◽  
Antimicrobial Drugs ◽  
Bacterial Growth Rate ◽  
Swarming Motility ◽  
Bacterial Morphology ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Therapeutic Problem ◽  
Tract Infections

Background: Proteus mirabilis, an important uropathogen that can cause complicated urinary tract infections (UTI), has emerged as a therapeutic problem following mutations that compromise the use of antimicrobial drugs. Due to the serious effects associated with uropathogenic P. mirabilis and the problems related to the use of antibiotics, it is necessary to develop alternative strategies for its control. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of Ibicella lutea extract, a South American indigenous plant, on growth, virulence and biofilm production of uropathogenic P. mirabilis. Methodology:  This study was based on the extract generation and the assessment of its effect on bacterial features related to virulence. These assays involved determination of antibacterial activity, swarming motility, Western blot to assess expression of fimbriae and flagella, biofilms formation, haemagglutination, haemolysis, and electron microscopy.   Results and Conclusions: I. lutea extract had an effect on bacterial growth rate and bacterial morphology. It also affected P. mirabilis swarming differentiation, hemagglutination and biofilm formation on glass and polystyrene. These findings suggest that I. lutea may have a role as an agent for the control of P. mirabilis UTI.

scholarly journals Pathogenesis of Proteus mirabilis in Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infections

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fei Yuan ◽  
Ziye Huang ◽  
Tongxin Yang ◽  
Guang Wang ◽  
Pei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Immune Escape ◽  
Endotoxic Shock ◽  
Urine Retention ◽  
Indwelling Catheter ◽  
Swarming Motility ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Tract Infections

Proteus mirabilis (PM) is a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium and widely exists in the natural environment, and it is most noted for its swarming motility and urease activity. PM is the main pathogen causing complicated urinary tract infections (UTIs), especially catheter-associated urinary tract infections. Clinically, PM can form a crystalline biofilm on the outer surface and inner cavity of the urethral indwelling catheter owing to its ureolytic biomineralization. This leads to catheter encrustation and blockage and, in most cases, is accompanied by urine retention and ascending UTI, causing cystitis, pyelonephritis, and the development of bladder or kidney stones, or even fatal complications such as septicemia and endotoxic shock. In this review, we discuss how PM is mediated by a catheter into the urethra, bladder, and then rose to the kidney causing UTI and the main virulence factors associated with different stages of infection, including flagella, pili or adhesins, urease, hemolysin, metal intake, and immune escape, encompassing both historical perspectives and current advances.

Attenuation of Proteus mirabilis colonization and swarming motility on indwelling urinary catheter by antibiofilm impregnation: An in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 111207
Author(s):  
Ravindran Durgadevi ◽  
Ramaiah Kaleeshwari ◽  
Thirukannamangai Krishnan Swetha ◽  
Rajaiah Alexpandi ◽  
Shunmugaiah Karutha Pandian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urinary Catheter ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Swarming Motility ◽  
Indwelling Urinary Catheter

scholarly journals Characterization of a Novel Gene, wosA, Regulating FlhDC Expression in Proteus mirabilis

2008 ◽  
Vol 190 (6) ◽  
pp. 1946-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet K. Hatt ◽  
Philip N. Rather
Keyword(s):  
Cell Differentiation ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Solid Surfaces ◽  
Swarming Motility ◽  
Swarmer Cell ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Nonpermissive Condition

ABSTRACT In this study, we describe wosA, a Proteus mirabilis gene identified by its ability to increase swarming motility when overexpressed. At various times during the swarming cycle, the increased expression of wosA resulted in a 4- to 16-fold upregulation of the transcription of flhDC, encoding the master regulator of the flagellar cascade. In turn, the expression of flaA, encoding flagellin, was substantially increased in wosA-overexpressing strains. The overexpression of wosA also resulted in constitutive swarmer cell differentiation in liquid medium, a normally nonpermissive condition. However, in wosA-overexpressing strains, the onset of swarming was not altered. A null wosA allele resulted in a slight decrease in swarming motility. The expression of wosA was growth phase dependent during growth in liquid and on agar plates during swarmer cell differentiation. Increasing the viscosity of liquid medium by the addition of polyvinylpyrrolidone induced swarmer cell differentiation and resulted in a fourfold increase in wosA transcription. A fliL mutation that results in constitutive swarmer cell elongation also increased wosA transcription. In this study, we discuss the possible role of the wosA gene product in signal transduction from solid surfaces to induce swarmer cell differentiation, possibly via alterations in the motor switch complex. This study also suggests that despite constitutive swarmer cell differentiation in wosA-overexpressing strains, there are additional regulatory and/or environmental conditions that may control the onset of swarming migration.

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