scholarly journals Increased Incidence of Urolithiasis and Bacteremia During Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii Coinfection Due to Synergistic Induction of Urease Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 209 (10) ◽  
pp. 1524-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsie E. Armbruster ◽  
Sara N. Smith ◽  
Alejandra Yep ◽  
Harry L. T. Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Synergistic Induction ◽  
Providencia Stuartii

Transferable urease activity in Providencia stuartii.

1981 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
R B Grant ◽  
J L Penner ◽  
J N Hennessy ◽  
B J Jackowski
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Providencia Stuartii

scholarly journals Deacidification by FhlA-dependent hydrogenase is involved in urease activity and urinary stone formation in uropathogenic Proteus mirabilis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Yuan Lin ◽  
Shwu-Jen Liaw
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Proteus mirabilis is an important uropathogen, featured with urinary stone formation. Formate hydrogenlyase (FHL), consisting of formate dehydrogenase H and hydrogenase for converting proton to hydrogen, has been implicated in virulence. In this study, we investigated the role of P. mirabilis FHL hydrogenase and the FHL activator, FhlA. fhlA and hyfG (encoding hydrogenase large subunit) displayed a defect in acid resistance. fhlA and hyfG mutants displayed a delay in medium deacidification compared to wild-type and ureC mutant failed to deacidify the medium. In addition, loss of fhlA or hyfG decreased urease activity in the pH range of 5–8. The reduction of urease activities in fhlA and hyfG mutants subsided gradually over the pH range and disappeared at pH 9. Furthermore, mutation of fhlA or hyfG resulted in a decrease in urinary stone formation in synthetic urine. These indicate fhlA- and hyf-mediated deacidification affected urease activity and stone formation. Finally, fhlA and hyfG mutants exhibited attenuated colonization in mice. Altogether, we found expression of fhlA and hyf confers medium deacidification via facilitating urease activity, thereby urinary stone formation and mouse colonization. The link of acid resistance to urease activity provides a potential strategy for counteracting urinary tract infections by P. mirabilis.

scholarly journals The Pathogenic Potential of Proteus mirabilis Is Enhanced by Other Uropathogens during Polymicrobial Urinary Tract Infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chelsie E. Armbruster ◽  
Sara N. Smith ◽  
Alexandra O. Johnson ◽  
Valerie DeOrnellas ◽  
Kathryn A. Eaton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Urinary catheter use is prevalent in health care settings, and polymicrobial colonization by urease-positive organisms, such as Proteus mirabilis and Providencia stuartii, commonly occurs with long-term catheterization. We previously demonstrated that coinfection with P. mirabilis and P. stuartii increased overall urease activity in vitro and disease severity in a model of urinary tract infection (UTI). In this study, we expanded these findings to a murine model of catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI), delineated the contribution of enhanced urease activity to coinfection pathogenesis, and screened for enhanced urease activity with other common CAUTI pathogens. In the UTI model, mice coinfected with the two species exhibited higher urine pH values, urolithiasis, bacteremia, and more pronounced tissue damage and inflammation compared to the findings for mice infected with a single species, despite having a similar bacterial burden within the urinary tract. The presence of P. stuartii, regardless of urease production by this organism, was sufficient to enhance P. mirabilis urease activity and increase disease severity, and enhanced urease activity was the predominant factor driving tissue damage and the dissemination of both organisms to the bloodstream during coinfection. These findings were largely recapitulated in the CAUTI model. Other uropathogens also enhanced P. mirabilis urease activity in vitro, including recent clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We therefore conclude that the underlying mechanism of enhanced urease activity may represent a widespread target for limiting the detrimental consequences of polymicrobial catheter colonization, particularly by P. mirabilis and other urease-positive bacteria.

Urease activity related to the growth and differentiation of swarmer cells of Proteus mirabilis

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 300-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianru Jin ◽  
R. G. E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Maximum Proportion ◽  
The Media ◽  
Urease Production ◽  
Different Strains

Urease activity was measured using whole cells of both long (swarming) and short (nonswarming) populations of Proteus mirabilis from casein hydrolysate agar (CHA) and broth (CHB) cultures, and from brain heart infusion broth (BHIB) cultures. Urease is a constitutive enzyme for both long and short cells, but its activity was tremendously increased when urea was incorporated into the media. Urease production was also affected by culture age and media used. Before exponential phase, urease activity was very low, and it increased to its highest point after about 4 h in BHIB and 8 h in both CHA and CHB cultures at 37 °C. Long cells had higher urease activity than did short cells when grown on CHA, and was also expressed by two different strains cultured in BHIB. Strain PM23, in BHIB, was able to form long cells (swarming cells) to a maximum proportion after about 4 h, but strain IM47 could not differentiate in any of the liquid media. The former had more urease when swarming differentiation was initiated. PM23 grew relatively faster than IM47 when the former began to differentiate, but this fast growth could not be observed when nutrient broth or minimal medium was used. These observations suggest that long or swarming cells are "faster growing" rather than "nongrowing bactera."

scholarly journals POLA BAKTERI AEROB PADA DISPENSER AIR MINUM KEMASAN GALON PADA KONSUMEN DI KECAMATAN MALALAYANG KOTA MANADO

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Y. Kaban ◽  
Velma Buntuan ◽  
Fredine E. S. Rares
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Identification Of Bacteria ◽  
Providencia Stuartii

Abstract: The use of the dispenser on gallon bottled water consumers make the presentation of drinking water to be practical but dispensers hygiene generally overlooked by consumers. Poor microbiology quality of drinking water can cause disease, which one of them is diarrhea. To determine the condition of drinking water studies or clinical testing in the laboratory is required. This study aimed to determine the pattern of aerobic bacteria in water dispenser among consumers in the District Malalayang Manado. This study used descriptive research method. Samples were taken from 20 consumers of water dispenser in the District Malalayang, Manado. Identification of bacteria was performed with the culture medium. The results showed that the highest number of Bacillus subtilis 11 samples (36.6%), Proteus vulgaris found as many 7 samples (23.3), Enterobacter cloacae 3 samples (10%), Providencia stuartii 3 samples (10%), Salmonella sp 3 sampels (10%), Escherichia coli 1 sample (3.3%), Staphylococcus sp 1 sample (3.3%) and Proteus mirabilis 1 sample (3.3%). Conclusion: The type of bacteria mostly found was Bacillus subtilis.Keywords: water, dispensers, bacteriaAbstrak: Penggunaan dispenser pada konsumen air minum kemasan galon membuat penyajian air minum menjadi praktis tetapi kebersihan dispenser umumnya kurang diperhatikan oleh konsumen. Air minum yang kualitas mikrobiologisnya yang buruk dapat menyebabkan penyakit yang salah satunya yaitu diare. Untuk mengetahui kondisi terkontaminasinya air minum diperlukan penelitian atau pengujian secara klinis di laboratorium. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola bakteri aerob pada dispenser air minum kemasan galon pada konsumen di Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif. Sampel diambil dari 20 pengguna dispenser air minum kemasan galon di Kecamatan Malalayang Kota Manado. Identifikasi bakteri dilakukan dengan media kultur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Bacillus subtilis terbanyak ditemukan yaitu 11 sampel (36,6%), Proteus vulgaris ditemukan sebanyak 7 Sampel (23,3), Enterobacter cloacae 3 sampel (10%), Providencia stuartii 3 sampel (10%), Salmonela sp 3 sampel (10%), Escherichia coli 1 sampel (3,3%), Staphylococcus sp 1 sampel (3,3%) dan Proteus mirabilis 1 sampel (3,3%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini jenis bakteri terbanyak ditemukan adalah Bacillus subtilisKata kunci: air, dispenser, bakteri

Variation in Urease Activity of Endemic Hospital Strains of Proteus rettgeri and Providencia stuartii

1976 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Penner ◽  
N. A. Hinton ◽  
G. R. Whiteley ◽  
J. N. Hennessy
Keyword(s):  
Urease Activity ◽  
Providencia Stuartii

scholarly journals A rare opportunist, Morganella morganii, decreases severity of polymicrobial catheter-associated urinary tract infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian S. Learman ◽  
Aimee L. Brauer ◽  
Kathryn A. Eaton ◽  
Chelsie E. Armbruster
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Morganella Morganii ◽  
Independent Manner ◽  
Urease Enzyme ◽  
Providencia Stuartii ◽  
Tract Infections

AbstractCatheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are common hospital-acquired infections and frequently polymicrobial, which complicates effective treatment. However, few studies experimentally address the consequences of polymicrobial interactions within the urinary tract, and the clinical significance of polymicrobial bacteriuria is not fully understood. Proteus mirabilis is one of the most common causes of monomicrobial and polymicrobial CAUTI, and frequently co-colonizes with Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Providencia stuartii, and Morganella morganii. P. mirabilis infections are particularly challenging due to its potent urease enzyme, which facilitates formations of struvite crystals, catheter encrustation, blockage, and formation of urinary stones. We previously determined that interactions between P. mirabilis and other uropathogens can enhance P. mirabilis urease activity, resulting in greater disease severity during experimental polymicrobial infection. Our present work reveals that M. morganii acts on P. mirabilis in a contact-independent manner to decrease urease activity. Furthermore, M. morganii actively prevents urease enhancement by E. faecalis, P. stuartii, and E. coli. Importantly, these interactions translate to modulation of disease severity during experimental CAUTI, predominantly through a urease-dependent mechanism. Thus, products secreted by multiple bacterial species in the milieu of the catheterized urinary tract can directly impact prognosis.

scholarly journals H-NS Is a Repressor of the Proteus mirabilis Urease Transcriptional Activator GeneureR

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (9) ◽  
pp. 2649-2653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Coker ◽  
Olubunmi O. Bakare ◽  
Harry L. T. Mobley
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Recombinant Plasmid ◽  
Urease Activity ◽  
Transcriptional Activator ◽  
Galactosidase Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Urease Gene ◽  
In Trans

ABSTRACT Expression of Proteus mirabilis urease is governed by UreR, an AraC-like positive transcriptional activator. A poly(A) tract nucleotide sequence, consisting of A6TA2CA2TGGTA5GA6TGA5, is located 16 bp upstream of the ς70-likeureR promoter P2. Since poly(A) tracts of DNA serve as binding sites for the gene repressor histone-like nucleoid structuring protein (H-NS), we measured β-galactosidase activity of wild-typeEscherichia coli MC4100 (H-NS+) and its isogenic derivative ATM121 (hns::Tn10) (H-NS−) harboring a ureR-lacZ operon fusion plasmid (pLC9801). β-Galactosidase activity in the H-NS− host strain was constitutive and sevenfold greater (P < 0.0001) than that in the H-NS+ host. A recombinant plasmid containing cloned P. mirabilis hns was able to complement and restore repression of the ureR promoter in the H-NS−host when provided in trans. Deletion of the poly(A) tract nucleotide sequence from pLC9801 resulted in an increase in β-galactosidase activity in the H-NS+ host to nearly the same levels as that observed for wild-type pLC9801 harbored by the H-NS−host. Urease activity in strains harboring the recombinant plasmid pMID1010 (encoding the entire urease gene cluster of P. mirabilis) was equivalent in both the H-NS−background and the H-NS+ background in the presence of urea but was eightfold greater (P = 0.0001) in the H-NS− background in the absence of urea. We conclude that H-NS represses ureR expression in the absence of urea induction.

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