scholarly journals The Impact of Urban Form on Travel Behavior: A Meta-Analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eran Leck
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Impact

Pretest-Posttest Strategy for Researching Neighborhood-Scale Urban Form and Travel Behavior

2000 ◽  
Vol 1722 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Krizek
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Puget Sound ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Neighborhood Scale ◽  
The Impact

Communities are increasingly looking to land use planning strategies based on a less auto-dependent urban form to reduce the need for travel, especially drive-alone travel. In recent years, several studies have attempted to test the impact urban form has on travel behavior to determine if such designs are warranted. The results of these studies are mixed because of several shortcomings. Some shortcomings can be attributed to data availability; others are a product of the techniques used to characterize urban form or travel. Still other shortcomings are embedded in the strategies employed, using cross-sectional travel data and correlating travel outcomes with urban form. The line of research is being extended, aimed at isolating the influence of urban form on travel behavior; a new research strategy is presented using longitudinal travel data in concert with detailed measures of travel behavior and urban form. Data sources from the Puget Sound are described and a research strategy is presented that permits a pretest-posttest analysis of households’ travel behavior before and after they changed residential location. Early results show few changes in household travel behavior after a move, suggesting that attitudes toward travel are firmly entrenched and postmove travel provides little insight into how changes in urban form affect travel. Although a pretest-posttest makes valiant strides in shedding new light on the matter, the complex phenomenon being addressed requires myriad approaches. More comprehensive research techniques and even research approaches based on different different traditions are much needed to better understand how urban form and travel interact.

Travel Behavior as Function of Accessibility, Land Use Mixing, and Land Use Balance: Evidence from San Francisco Bay Area

1997 ◽  
Vol 1607 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara Maria Kockelman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
San Francisco Bay ◽  
San Francisco Bay Area ◽  
Vehicle Ownership ◽  
Relative Significance ◽  
Bay Area ◽  
The Impact

The relative significance and influence of a variety of measures of urban form on household vehicle kilometers traveled, automobile ownership, and mode choice were investigated. The travel data came from the 1990 San Francisco Bay Area travel surveys, and the land use data were largely constructed from hectare-level descriptions provided by the Association of Bay Area Governments. After demographic characteristics were controlled for, the measures of accessibility, land use mixing, and land use balance—computed for trip-makers’ home neighborhoods and at trip ends—proved to be highly statistically significant and influential in their impact on all measures of travel behavior. In many cases, balance, mix, and accessibility were found to be more relevant (as measured by elasticities) than several household and traveler characteristics that often form a basis for travel behavior prediction. In contrast, under all but the vehicle ownership models, the impact of density was negligible after accessibility was controlled.

Methodology to Gather Multimodal Urban Trip Generation Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 2500 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Dock ◽  
Liza Cohen ◽  
Jonathan D. Rogers ◽  
Jamie Henson ◽  
Rachel Weinberger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Travel Behavior ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Transportation Network ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Land Use Development ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Impact

Assessments of the impact of new land use development on the transportation network often rely on the ITE Trip Generation Manual informational report. Current ITE rates generally represent travel behavior for separated, single-use developments in low-density suburban areas. However, a more compact urban form, access to transit, and a greater mix of uses are known to generate fewer and shorter vehicle trips—and quite possibly more trips overall, especially in heavily urbanized areas like Washington, D.C. Local and national interest exists for generating data that expand upon existing trip rates (and similar parking generation rates) to include sites in diverse, dense contexts. The lack of adequate data on multimodal urban trip generation led the District Department of Transportation in Washington, D.C., to develop and test a streamlined methodology that meets the needs of practitioners who are evaluating the transportation impacts of new developments in dense, multimodal environments. This methodology focuses on capturing all trips to and from a site and the mode of all travelers, not just personal vehicle trips. The methodology was tested at mixed-use multifamily residential buildings but is intended for future use at a wide range of sites. This paper presents the methodology and rationale for a robust national data collection effort.

The impact of weight loss on depression: A preliminary meta-analysis

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Blaine ◽  
Jennifer McElroy ◽  
Hilary Vidair
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Impact

On the Impact of Aptness, Conventionality and Familiarity on Metaphor Processing from a Meta-analytical Point of View

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-106
Author(s):  
Csilla Rákosi
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Psycholinguistic Research ◽  
Analytical Point ◽  
Metaphor Processing ◽  
The Impact

Psycholinguistic research into metaphor processing is burdened with empirical problems as experiments provide diverging evidence on the impact of conventionality, familiarity and aptness, and with conceptual issues as the interpretation and operationalization of the three concepts mentioned, as well as the related predictions which can be drawn from theories of metaphor processing, are controversial in the literature. This paper uses tools of statistical meta-analysis in order to bring us closer to the solution of these problems and reveal future lines of research.

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