Screening of Different Unknown Drugs in Blood Samples Short Commentary

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Samples ◽  
Short Commentary ◽  
Drugs In Blood

scholarly journals The metabolism of four sulphonamides in cows

1973 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 1039-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Poul Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Acetyl Derivative ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Unchanged Drug ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Drugs In Blood ◽  
Conjugated Metabolites

1. The metabolism of sulphanilamide, sulphadimidine (4,6-dimethyl-2-sulphanilamidopyrimidine), sulphamethoxazole (5-methyl-3-sulphanilamidoisoxazole) and sulphadoxine (5,6-dimethoxy-4-sulphanilamidopyrimidine) given by intravenous injection has been examined in cows. 2. The sulphonamides were present mainly as unchanged drugs in blood samples collected 2h after administration. 3. The sulphonamides were excreted in the milk partly as unchanged drugs and partly as conjugated metabolites whereas only small amounts were excreted as the N4-acetyl derivatives. 4. The unchanged drug and the N4-acetyl derivative were the major constituents in urine samples after administration of sulphanilamide, sulphamethoxazole and sulphadoxine. 5. Besides the unchanged drug, the N4-acetyl derivative and the conjugated metabolites, three further metabolites of sulphadimidine were isolated from urine samples and identified. They were 5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-2-sulphanilamidopyrimidine, 4-hydroxymethyl-6-methyl-2-sulphanilamidopyrimidine and sulphaguanidine.

Drugs in blood samples from unconscious drug addicts after the intake of an overdose

1996 ◽  
Vol 108 (5) ◽  
pp. 248-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Steentoft ◽  
Karen Worm ◽  
Erik Nielsen ◽  
Carsten Boe Pedersen ◽  
Michael Sprehn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Drugs In Blood

Automated determination of drugs in blood samples after enzymatic hydrolysis using precolumn switching and post-column reaction detection

1983 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 79-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.E. Werkhoven-Goewie ◽  
C. De Ruiter ◽  
U.A.Th. Brinkman ◽  
R.W. Frei ◽  
G.J. de Jong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Drugs In Blood ◽  
Automated Determination

Stability of antioxidant vitamins in whole human blood during overnight storage at 4°C and frozen storage up to 6 months

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott W. Leonard ◽  
Gerd Bobe ◽  
Maret G. Traber
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Plasma Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Sample Handling

Abstract. To determine optimal conditions for blood collection during clinical trials, where sample handling logistics might preclude prompt separation of erythrocytes from plasma, healthy subjects (n=8, 6 M/2F) were recruited and non-fasting blood samples were collected into tubes containing different anticoagulants (ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), Li-heparin or Na-heparin). We hypothesized that heparin, but not EDTA, would effectively protect plasma tocopherols, ascorbic acid, and vitamin E catabolites (α- and γ-CEHC) from oxidative damage. To test this hypothesis, one set of tubes was processed immediately and plasma samples were stored at −80°C, while the other set was stored at 4°C and processed the following morning (~30 hours) and analyzed, or the samples were analyzed after 6 months of storage. Plasma ascorbic acid, as measured using HPLC with electrochemical detection (LC-ECD) decreased by 75% with overnight storage using EDTA as an anticoagulant, but was unchanged when heparin was used. Neither time prior to processing, nor anticoagulant, had any significant effects upon plasma α- or γ-tocopherols or α- or γ-CEHC concentrations. α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations remained unchanged after 6 months of storage at −80°C, when measured using either LC-ECD or LC/mass spectrometry. Thus, refrigeration of whole blood at 4°C overnight does not change plasma α- or γ-tocopherol concentrations or their catabolites. Ascorbic acid is unstable in whole blood when EDTA is used as an anticoagulant, but when whole blood is collected with heparin, it can be stored overnight and subsequently processed.

Steadiness/stability of antiepileptic drugs in serum, plasma and whole-blood samples under various storage methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
N Shazi ◽  
A Böss ◽  
HJ Merkel ◽  
F Scharbert ◽  
D Hannak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Storage Methods ◽  
Whole Blood Samples

Assessment of the Validity of the INR System for Patients with Liver Impairment

1994 ◽  
Vol 71 (06) ◽  
pp. 727-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Kovacs ◽  
A Wong ◽  
K MacKinnon ◽  
K Weir ◽  
M Keeney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulants ◽  
Control Population ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Liver Impairment ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Level Of Significance

SummaryThe INR system was developed to standardize PT reporting in patients on oral anticoagulants. We prospectively collected blood samples from 29 patients with liver impairment (INR 1.5-3.5). Control patients were on warfarin (n = 31). PT’s were measured on an ACL-300 with three thromboplastin reagents. INR’s were calculated using instrument specific ISI’s. Other tests performed were FDP’s, fibrinogen, aPTT, factors II, V, VII and X. The INR’s for each patient in the study population using the three thromboplastin reagents were significantly different (p = 0.0001). Those for the control population were not (p = 0.0658). Fibrinogen, factors V, II and X were different at the 5% level of significance between the populations. FDP’s were detected in 17 study subjects. The INR system is not valid for comparison of patients with liver impairment because different reagents do not give the same INR for the same sample. It is, however, no less valid than the use of PT with different thromboplastin reagents. Further study is recommended.

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