Development and selection for apomixis in cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 857-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagib M. A. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Controlled Crosses

Apomixis provides fixation of heterosis and avoids contamination of seedlings by diseases. Observations on offspring uniformity for selected morphological characteristics and use of a marker gene in controlled crosses produced facultative apomictic lines in cassava. Cytogenetic analysis showed apomixis occurrence to be associated with aneuploidy and interspecific hybridization. Key words: Wild species, aneuploidy, interspecific hybridization

scholarly journals BROADENING THE GENETIC BASE OF CASSAVA, Manihot esculenta Crantz, BY INTERSPECIFIC HYBRIDIZATION

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1071-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
NAGIB M. A. NASSAR
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybridization ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Controlled Crosses

Controlled crosses by vector insects resulted in the production of interspecific hybrids of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) and Manihot species, while manual crosses failed. Marker genes for hairy stem, red disk, unribbed fruit, and foliaceous brackteoles proved efficient in recognizing interspecific hybridization between Manihot species and cassava.Key words: Wild cassava, Manihot neusana, Manihot anomala, interspecific hybridization, marker genes

Cytogenetic behaviour of the interspecific hybrid of Manihot neusana Nassar and cassava, M. esculenta Crantz, and its backcross progeny

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 675-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hala Nagib Nassar ◽  
Nagib M. A. Nassar ◽  
Clibas Vieira ◽  
Luiz S. Saraiva
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Backcross Progeny ◽  
Seed Setting ◽  
Maternal Plant ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Meiotic Restitution ◽  
Pollen Formation

An interspecific hybrid between cassava, Manihot esculenta Crantz, and M. neusana Nassar and the backcrossed progenies was examined meiotically and mitotically. The F1 hybrid showed irregular meiosis due to unpaired chromosomes. The backcrossed progeny ranged in fertility from 17.7 to 35.8%. Meiotic restitution was also observed in all of the hybrids. Diploid pollen formation also occurred and ranged from 0.6 to 1.6%. Irregular meiosis among the F1 hybrid produced aneuploidy in backcrossed progeny. When the F1 hybrid was used as the maternal plant in backcrosses with cassava, this improved seed setting in the BC1 progenies, whereas the reciprocal backcross produced sterile progenies. Key words: Wild species, meiotic restitution, aneuploidy, diploid gamete

scholarly journals Molecular-assisted selection for resistance to cassava mosaic disease in Manihot esculenta Crantz

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 520-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Dias do Carmo ◽  
Maiane Suzarte da Silva ◽  
Gilmara Alvarenga Fachardo Oliveira ◽  
Eder Jorge de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Mosaic Disease ◽  
Cassava Mosaic Disease ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Molecular Assisted Selection

Strict maternal inheritance of RAPD fingerprints confirms apomixis in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 379-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Grattapaglia ◽  
Cynthia Costa e Silva ◽  
Nagib M. A. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Interspecific Hybrid ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Maternal Inheritance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Rapd Fingerprints

Undisputed molecular evidence for apomixis in cassava is presented. Based on genome sampling with 130 RAPD markers we confirmed apomixis for one offspring of a cassava clone derived from an interspecific hybrid. The probability that complete uniformity in RAPD fingerprints between mother and offspring occurred by chance was < 10−5. Key words: Apomixis, cassava, Manihot esculenta, random amplified polymorphic DNA

scholarly journals Evidence of apomixis in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nagib M.A. Nassar ◽  
Marco André R. Vieira ◽  
Clibas Vieira ◽  
Dario Gratapaglia
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Propagation ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Apomixis maintains heterosis and avoids transmission of systemic pathogens which accompany vegetative propagation of cassava. An embryonic study of cleared ovules of two cassava clones in toto showed them to be of aposporic nature. Cytogenetic analysis of the two clones revealed an aneuploid structure (2n + 1) in apomictic individuals, whereas it was 2n in the sexually reproduced plants.

scholarly journals Perbaikan Pakan Kambing Bligon Menggunakan Daun Ketela sebagai Suplemen (Feed Improvement of Bligon Goats Diet Using Cassava Leaf as Supplement)

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kustantinah (Kustantinah) ◽  
Arif Nur Wibowo ◽  
Hari Hartadi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Total Consumption ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Conventional Diet ◽  
Wet Condition

<p>Agricultural by-product, especially from cassava plants, can be found easily at all over Indonesia. Parts of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plant that can be used for animal feed are leaves, stem covering, tuber (in dry or<br />wet condition, with or without skin). Cassava leaves cannot be used freely as animal feed, because of the persistence of anti-quality, i.e. Cyanide Acid (HCN) and tannin substance. Cassava leaves can be found easily in the dry season, when<br />generally the presence of forage as ruminant’s diet is so limited. This research had to be done to observe potency of cassava leaves as supplement for Bligon goat’s diet. This research used 24 mature early pregnant Bligon goats. The<br />goat divided into 3 treatments, those are : K as Control Diet (conventional diet which usually be given by the farmers); T1 or Treatment 1 (Control Diet+300 g cassava leaves); and T2 or Treatment 2 (Control Diet+260 g cassava<br />leaves+200 dried cassava tuber). The result showed that cassava leaves supplementation increased EE and TDN consumption. From total consumption, cassava leaves and dried cassava tuber increased DM, OM, CP, EE, and TDN<br />digestibility, but reduced CF digestibility. The effect of anti-coccidia didn’t appear optimally which shown by there was no significant differences of the amount of coccidian oocyste in the goat feces. However, the amount of coccidian<br />oocyste in the feces reduced (1666.67 on the T1 and 2500 on the T2) as compare to those on the K (5000).</p><p>(Key words: Bligon Goat, Cassava leaves, Feed Supplement, Coccidiostat)<br /><br /></p>

La détermination de la forme des lobes du limbe de manioc (Manihot esculenta Crantz)

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1261-1269
Author(s):  
R. Médard ◽  
R. Miesch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Basal Part ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Apical Direction ◽  
Exogenous Cytokinin ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical ◽  
The Way

The shape of the leaf blade of each lobe is progressively settled in. First, the midvein separates two lateral areas with equivalent mitotic potentialities. In each of these lateral areas, these potentialities, which at first are evenly spread out, are then concentrated only in the basal part, which will be referred to as the leaf blade generative center. Great regulation potentialities are maintained in these centers throughout their duration, i.e., over three plastochrons. Cellular clusters, which will progressively differentiate and correlatively lose their abilities to regulate, arise from generative centers toward an apical direction. The evenness of the lamina edge is linked with the wholeness of the generative centers. Any subdivision of any one of these centers will generate a lobule, which, in turn, will behave as a miniature lobe. The subdivision occurs as a result of cutting but can also be achieved by application of exogenous cytokinin. The physiological and biochemical mediums of mitotic potentialities are still to be found. It is the same for the way the cytokinins act. Key words: cassava, leaf blade, morphogenesis, cytokinin.

CONCENTRADO PROTEICO OBTIDO DAS FOLHAS DE MANDIOCA (Manihot esculenta Crantz) DE TRÊS VARIEDADES COMERCIAIS.

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabel Aparecida Soares ◽  
Mauro Sérgio Téo ◽  
Carlise DEBASTIANI ◽  
Suzymeire BARONI ◽  
Vanessa Silva RETUCI
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Hydrocyanic Acid ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
White Variety ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

O trabalho teve por objetivo verificar diferenças entre rendimento do concentrado proteico e proteína bruta da folha da mandioca (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtidos a partir de três variedades comerciais: branca, cascuda e vermelha. As manivas foram plantadas seguindo o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Nas comparações entre as variedades, considerou coletas escalonadas pós-plantio, realizadas aos 12, 14 e 16 meses. O concentrado proteico foi obtido a partir da farinha das folhas inteiras e submetido ao método de termo - coagulação ácido e a proteína bruta pelo método padrão AOAC. Os dados foram submetidos a análise de variância e comparados pelo teste de Tukey - 5% de probabilidade. Os resultados não indicaram diferença significativa entre as médias obtidas para rendimento de concentrado proteico. Para a variável porcentagem de proteína bruta a variedade Branca foi a que apresentou maior valor, com média de 46,25%, seguida pela Cascuda e Vermelha, 44,52% e 37,30%, sucessivamente. Conclui-se que outros estudos devem avaliar condições que possam influenciar no teor de proteína foliar, como clima e solo, e, avaliar os níveis de ácido cianídrico de cada variedade, indicando qual das três é a melhor para a extração do concentrado proteico das folhas. Palavras chaves: Manihot esculenta Crantz, variedades comerciais, concentrado proteico, proteína bruta. ABSTRACT: The study aimed to assess the differences between income protein concentrate, crude protein of cassava leaf (Manihot esculenta Crantz), obtained from three commercial varieties: white, red and cascuda. The cuttings were planted following the completely randomized design with three replications. Comparisons between the varieties considered after planting staggered collections, held on 12, 14 and 16 months. The protein concentrate was obtained from flour of whole sheets and subjected to the term method - acid coagulation and crude protein by AOAC standard method. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey test - 5% probability. The results indicated no significant difference between the mean values obtained for protein concentrate income. For the variable percentage of crude protein White variety showed the highest, with an average of 46.25%, followed by cascuda and Red, 44.52% and 37.30%, successively. We conclude that further studies should evaluate conditions that may affect the leaf protein content, such as climate and soil, and evaluate the hydrocyanic acid levels of each variety, indicating which of the three is the best for the extraction of protein concentrate from leaves Key words: Manihot esculenta Crantz, commercial varieties, protein concentrate, crude protein.

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