Influence de la fertilisation azotée sur la production du tabac à cigarette au Québec

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-419
Author(s):  
Michel Lamarre ◽  
Suzanne Payette
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Fertilisation Azotée

The effect of nitrogen applications on flue-cured tobacco production and chemical composition have been observed for 5 yr. The nitrogen applications resulted in an increase of yield, gross return, total alkaloids and total nitrogen and a decrease of quality index, maturity index, reducing sugars and ratio of reducing sugars:total alkaloids. The use of 30–45 kg ha−1 of nitrogen, depending on soil type and the cultivar, produces a tobacco with acceptable agronomic and chemical characteristics.Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, nitrogen, yield, quality, gross return, total alkaloids, total N, reducing sugars

RENDEMENT ET QUALITÉ DU TABAC À CIGARETTE FERTILISÉ AVEC DIFFÉRENTES FORMES D'AZOTE

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 779-784
Author(s):  
MICHEL LAMARRE ◽  
SUZANNE PAYETTE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Nitrogen Forms ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Yield Quality

The effects of three forms of nitrogen on flue-cured tobacco production were observed for 5 yr. Significant effects were obtained for yield, quality, gross return and total nitrogen. No significant differences were found for maturity, total alkaloids or reducing sugars. The data showed that the use of a fertilizer containing 75% nitrogen in the form of [Formula: see text] or urea and 25% as [Formula: see text] produces a tobacco with acceptable agronomic and chemical characteristics. Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, nitrogen forms, nitrogen sources, nitrate [Formula: see text], ammonium [Formula: see text], urea

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF VARIOUS COMMERCIAL GRADES OF CANADIAN FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1958 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Elliot ◽  
E. C. Birch
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Total Sugars ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

A study was made of the chemical composition of 21 commercial grades of Canadian flue-cured tobacco, selected from a 50-acre crop of Hicks variety in 1955. Arbitrary prices were assigned to the various grades of tobacco. Correlation coefficients between the chemical values and the assigned grade prices were calculated. Ethanol extracts, total sugars, reducing sugars, and hygroscopicity gave significant positive correlations; total nitrogen, protein nitrogen, total alkaloids, nicotine, calcium, and magnesium gave negative correlations. These coefficients indicated that quality measured by these laboratory methods conformed with leaf-graded quality. Correlation coefficients were not significant between grade quality and petroleum ether extract, sucrose, starch, ash, silica, potassium, phosphorus, chlorine, sulphur, burn, or pH.

L’INFLUENCE DU STADE D’ECIMAGE ET DE LA DISTANCE DE PLANTATION SUR LES CARACTERISTIQUES AGRONOMIQUES ET CHIMIQUES DU TABAC A CIGARETTE

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 1109-1112
Author(s):  
MICHEL LAMARRE
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cigarette Tobacco ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Chemical Characters ◽  
Planting Distance ◽  
Grade Index

The influence of the stage of topping and the planting distance as they influenced agronomic and chemical characters during the years 1974–1976 was studied on cigarette tobacco. The plants were spaced 41, 51 and 61 cm in the row, 122 cm between rows. The tobacco was topped at the early button stage, the button stage and at 25% flowering. A planting distance of 41 cm with early topping produced the best results, taking into consideration both agronomic and chemical factors. Early topping had no significant effect on yield, grade index, maturity index and percentage of reducing sugars. Late topping reduced revenue, percentage of nicotine, total alkaloids and total nitrogen. Close planting in the row increased yield and revenue while it decreased the level of total alkaloids and total nitrogen and had no significant effect on the other parameters studied.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF REPRESENTATIVE GRADES OF ONTARIO FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1203-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL ◽  
MICHAEL R. BINNS
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Aqueous Methanol ◽  
Color Classification ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Grade Classification ◽  
Quality Classification ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Mineral Constituents

A study was made of the chemical composition of representative commercial grades of Ontario flue-cured tobacco selected at random from the three auction exchanges from the 1978 tobacco crop. Comparisons were made with the grade price using the stalk position, color and quality classification of each grade. Total alkaloids, reducing sugars, neophytadiene, aqueous methanol extracts, nonvolatile organic acids, phenolic constituents, fatty acids and mineral constituents were determined on individual grade samples. In general, the largest chemical differences were found when comparisons were made on the basis of the stalk position aspect of the grade classification; however, chemical differences due to the color classification of grades were also often quite large. Except for the mahogany grades differences among the quality classification of each grade were usually smaller than differences due to stalk position or color.Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, grades, quality, tobacco chemistry

La fertilisation magnésienne du tabac à cigarette

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
Michel Lamarre ◽  
Suzanne Payette
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Good Production ◽  
Double Sulfate ◽  
Rate Form ◽  
Mg Content ◽  
Effective Source

The effect of magnesium application on the production and chemical composition of flue-cured tobacco was observed over a period of 3 yr to determine the most effective source and the best rate of Mg application. Magnesium increased gross return and magnesium content of the plant while decreasing potassium and zinc contents. Only the Mg applied as double sulfate of potassium and magnesium (Sulpomag) increased yield, gross return and Mg content of the plant. An application of 10 kg ha−1 of Sulpomag is satisfactory to reach a good production on soils low in Mg. Key words: Flue-cured tobacco, magnesium, rate, form, total alkaloids, total nitrogen, reducing sugars

INFLUENCE DE LA FERTILISATION N, P ET K SUR LA COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE DU TABAC A CIGARETTE

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 523-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHEL LAMARRE
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Nicotine Content ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

The effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the chemical composition of field grown flue-cured tobacco was studied for a 3-yr period. The study consisted of 64 treatments replicated three times. It was conducted on a Soulanges sandy loam and an Uplands sand. In both soils, nitrogen and potassium showed the same trends. Nitrogen fertilizer increased nicotine content, total nitrogen and total alkaloids and reduced the percentage of reducing sugars. Phosphorus and potassium fertilizer decreased the nicotine content, total nitrogen and total alkaloids and increased the reducing sugars.Key words: Cigarette tobacco, chemical composition, alkaloids, nicotine, fertilization, Nicotiana tabacum L.

INFLUENCE OF TRANSPLANTING DATE ON THE AGRONOMIC, CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1063-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL ◽  
MICHAEL R. BINNS
Keyword(s):  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sand Soil ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Loamy Sand Soil ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Hexane Extracts ◽  
Yield Quality ◽  
Grade Index ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A field experiment was conducted from 1983 to 1987 on a Fox loamy sand soil to study the effects of transplanting date on selected agronomic, physical, and chemical characteristics of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) grown in Ontario. Tobacco plants (cv. Delgold) were transplanted at 3- to 5-d intervals commencing at approximately the middle of May and continuing for seven to nine planting dates into June. Delaying transplanting decreased yield, returns, total alkaloids, hexane extracts, lamina weight and percent lamina. Delaying transplanting also increased the chlorophyll content of the leaf but had no effect on reducing sugars, and only reduced grade index late in the planting season.Key words: Tobacco (flue-cured), transplanting date, yield, quality, tobacco chemistry

scholarly journals ''Ripening'' Tobacco with the Ethylene-Releasing Agent 2-Chloroethylphosphonic Acid

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Steffens ◽  
J.G. Alphin ◽  
Z.T. Ford
Keyword(s):  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Green Colour ◽  
Mature Leaves ◽  
Total Alkaloids ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Untreated Leaf

AbstractTreatment of flue-cured tobacco with the ethylene releasing agent 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (CEPA) caused mature leaves to lose their green colour and turn yellow. The treated leaves appeared to go through a partial "yellowing'' or "colouring" phase prior to harvest. Treated leaves at harvest contained greater amounts of reducing sugars and lower levels of starch, relative to comparable untreated leaves. At the end of the curing process, comparisons between treated and untreated leaf showed that only small differences existed in total nitrogen, total alkaloids, starch, and reducing sugars. Statistically, protein of leaf treated with CEPA was significantly lower as compared to untreated leaf. For all yellowing times, dollar values per hundred weight of cured leaf from treated plants were higher than from untreated plants, but the average weight per leaf from treated plants was lower. During the curing process, leaf treated with CEPA can probably be subjected to shorter periods of yellowing or colouring than untreated leaf. If further work with "ripening'' chemicals such as CEPA show that they can be used to hasten yellowing or ripen tobacco successfully, as well as to reduce the time required for curing the crop, economic advantages are likely to accrue. It is to be hoped that such chemicals may help reduce the labour and investment required for crop production, and at the same time improve crop quality

scholarly journals 363 Near-infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy for the Determination of Total Nitrogen, Amino Acid, and Nonstructural Carbohydrates in Apple and Almond Samples

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 455A-455
Author(s):  
Pinghai Ding ◽  
Shufu Dong ◽  
Lailiang Cheng ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Leslie H. Fuchigami
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Total N ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Nir Reflectance Spectroscopy

Near-infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy was used to determine the chemical composition of fruit and nut trees. Potted almond and bench-grafted Fuji/M26 trees were fertigated during the growing season with different N levels by modifying the Hoagland to create different levels of nitrogen and carbohydrates in plant tissues during dormancy. Dried, ground, and sieved shoot, shank, and root samples were uniformly packed into NIR cells and scanned with a Foss NIRSystem 6500 monochromator from 400 to 2500 nm. Statistical and multiple linear regression methods were used to derive a standard error of performance and the correlation between NIR reading and standard chemical composition analysis (anthrone, Kjedahl and Ninhydrin methods for carbohydrate, total N, and amino acid analysis, respectively) were determined. The multiple determination coefficients (R2) of apple and almond tissues were 0.9949 and 0.9842 for total nitrogen, 0.9971 and 0.9802 for amino acid, and 0.8889 and 0.8687 for nonstructural carbohydrate, respectively.

EFFECTS OF HEIGHT OF TOPPING AND PLANT SPACING OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO ON CERTAIN PROPERTIES OF THE CURED LEAVES AND SMOKE CHARACTERISTICS OF CIGARETTES

1976 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. ELLIOT
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Plant Spacing ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Total Particulate Matter ◽  
Total N ◽  
Total Alkaloids

In a 3-yr experiment, flue-cured tobacco, spaced at 60 cm in rows 107 cm apart, was topped at 12, 15, or 18 leaves or not topped. In a 2-yr experiment, plants were spaced at 38, 48, 58, and 71 cm, in rows 107 cm apart and topped at 14 or 18 leaves. Yield of tobacco increased with increase in topping height or decrease in plant spacing. The untopped tobacco yielded more than tobacco topped to 12 leaves. Lamina weight tended to increase with lower topping height or wider spacing. Increasing height of topping or decreasing plant spacing decreased total alkaloids in leaves and cigarette smoke; untopped tobacco was lower in total alkaloids than any topped tobacco. Level of total N was highest with the 12-leaf topping height in the sample combined from all harvests. Low topping and wide spacing tended to give the lowest reducing sugars for the combined sample. Increasing plant spacing tended to increase petroleum ether extract in the fourth and fifth harvests. Total particulate matter was not affected by height of topping but untopped tobacco had the lowest total particulate matter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document