HETEROSIS AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN DRY BUSH BEANS, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ARIEL GUTIERREZ ◽  
SHREE P. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Heterosis and inbreeding depression in 13 crosses involving 10 dry bush bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., lines and varieties are reported for days to maturity, pods per plant, 100-seed weight, seeds per pod, and bean yield. Six crosses showed positive heterosis (27.8–47.3%) over the mid-parent value for bean yield. Parents in each of these heterotic crosses differed for growth habit, seed size and geographical origin. But none of the F1 hybrids yielded significantly better than the highest yielding parental line. None of the crosses showed heterosis for pods per plant. All significant heterotic values for seeds per pod were negative. For 100-seed weight three crosses, both parents of which had small seeds, showed positive heterosis but one cross which had a significant negative value had one parent with small seeds and the one with large seeds. One heterotic cross each for bean yield and 100-seed weight showed subsequent inbreeding depression. But five crosses for bean yield, and one cross for 100-seed weight showing positive heterosis did not exhibit reduction due to inbreeding. Also, some crosses which either had nonsignificant or negative heterotic values for bean yield and yield components showed positive effects of inbreeding, i.e. the F2 outperformed the corresponding F1 hybrids. Possible causes for these phenomena are discussed.Key words: Bean, heterosis, inbreeding depression

Effect of random intermatings in early generations on seed yield in interracial populations of common bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Zero (I0), one (I1), and two (I2) rounds of random intermating were made among S1 or S0 families of two interracial populations (GX 8904 and GX 8929) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The resulting S4 families were evaluated for seed yield, 100-seed weight, and number of days to maturity in six environments in Colombia during 1993 and 1994. The experimental design was a partially balanced, 10 × 10 lattice, with three replications. The mean seed yield after I1 increased by 8.9% in population GX 8904 and by 20.1% in GX 8929. No change occurred in seed yield after I2 in either population. The I1 and I2 of GX 8904, on average, were slightly later maturing than the I0. In GX 8929, I2 was later maturing than I0 and I1. The random intermatings did not induce appreciable changes in 100-seed weight in either population. All S4 families in both populations were either small or medium seeded (< 40 g/100 seed weight) and of intermediate to late maturity (> 70 d to maturity). Key words: Bean (common), interracial population, Phaseolus vulgaris, random intermating, yield selection

scholarly journals Effect of phosphorus fertilizer levels on growth and yield of haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris .L.) in South Ommo Zone, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Degife Asefa Zebire ◽  
Samuel Gelgelo
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Rain Season ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Important Cash Crop

Haricot bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is an important cash crop and protein source for farmers in many parts of Ethiopia. However, its production is limited by phosphorus fertilizer. Therefore, field experiment was conducted at the Malle woreda in Koybe kebele farmers training center during the main rain season of 2016 to investigate the responses of haricot bean to different levels of phosphorus fertilizer and its effect on growth, and bean yield. Four phosphorus rates (0, 23, 46, and 69kg ha-1) were used as treatments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Red Wolaita haricot bean variety was used as planting material. Recommended rate of N (46 kg/ha) was applied to all treatments. The effect of phosphorus was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased bean yield and growth parameters such as leaf area and number of branches per plant, whereas its effect was not significant on plant height. Based on result obtained, application of 46kg P ha-1 is recommended for better production of haricot bean at Malle woreda and similar areas which have the same soil property.

MATERNAL INFLUENCE IN BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL ON THE SEEDLING VIGOR OF THE PROGENY

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. TWAMLEY
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Morphological Type ◽  
Maternal Influence ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Seedling Vigor ◽  
Open Pollination ◽  
Early Type ◽  
The One ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Several hundred two-year-old nursery plants originating in the early-type trefoil cultivar Maitland were rated for flowering maturity, morphological features and growth pattern. Open-pollination seed was collected from these and 100-seed weight determinations were made.The experimental material was organized into two sections for testing purposes. In one, the effect of maternal maturity on the seedling vigor of the progeny was studied and in the other the effect of maternal morphology. Each section was made up of five classes, varying either in maturity or in morphology. Each class contained either nine or ten progeny lines. The range in seed size was similar for all classes. No relationship was found between maturity, morphological type or growth habit of the maternal parent on the one hand and the seedling vigor rating of their progeny at six and ten weeks of age on the other.The breeding implications of these findings are discussed.

Dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) tolerance to imazethapyr

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackshaw ◽  
G. Saindon
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Bean Yield

A field study was conducted during 3 yr to determine the growth and yield response of Pinto, Pink Red and Great Northern dry beans to various doses of imazethapyr. Imazethapyr was applied postemergence at 0, 25, 50 75 100, 150, and 200 g ha−1 to each class of dry bean. Results indicated that these four classes of dry beans responded similarly to imazethapyr. Dry bean injury increased and yields were reduced as dose of imazethapyr increased. At the proposed use dose of 50 g ha−1, imazethapyr reduced yield by 5 to 6%. Imazethapyr at 100 g ha−1 reduced dry bean yield by 10 to 12% and delayed maturity by 3 to 4 d. Benefits of superior weed control attained with imazethapyr should be weighed against potential crop injury when growers consider using imazethapyr in their dry bean weed management programs. Key words: Herbicide injury, maturity, seed yield, seed weight

Inheritance of seed yield, maturity and seed weight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under semi-arid rainfed conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
R. M. Ochoa ◽  
F. P. Ibarra ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Common ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SUMMARYTo develop an effective breeding programme for rainfed production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the inheritance of seed yield under such conditions should be understood, preferably considering the effects of environment to account for site or season specificity. Thus, heritability, expected and realized gain from selection, and combining ability were evaluated for a nine-parent diallel of common bean without reciprocals but including parents, at two locations each in Mexico and Colombia, using the F2 and F3 population bulks. Heritability estimated from regressions of F3 on F2 ranged from 0·09 ± 0·18 (S.E.) to 0·75±0·25 for seed yield, from 0·26±009 to 0·34±009 for days to maturity and from0·57±004 to 0·80±004 for 100-seed weight. Expected gain from selection in the F2 was estimated as a percentage of the population mean, selecting the upper 20% of the populations. Expected gain in seed yield ranged from 1·8 to 8·4% in Mexico and from 6·5 to 28·1% in Colombia. Realized gains in seed yield in the F3 were 0·4–7·4% in Mexico and 2·9–15·7% in Colombia. Realized gain values for days to maturity were < 2·2%, and for 100-seed weight > 13·4%. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares (estimated using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1) were significant (P <0·01) and larger than those for specific combining ability (SCA) for all traits at all locations. The parents from the Mexican highlands tended to have a positive GCA effect for yield in Mexico but negative values in Colombia, whereas parents adapted to mid-elevation tropical environments showed the opposite tendency. However, all significant GCA values of breeding line V8025 were positive in both countries.

scholarly journals Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 703-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Boersma ◽  
A. Hou ◽  
C. L. Gillard ◽  
K. B. McRae ◽  
R. L. Conner
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Bacterial Blight ◽  
Common Bacterial Blight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Dry Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Navy Bean ◽  
Navy Beans ◽  
The Impact

Boersma, J. G., Hou, A., Gillard, C. L., McRae, K. B. and Conner, R. L. 2015. Impact of common bacterial blight on the yield, seed weight and seed discoloration of different market classes of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 703–710. Common bacterial blight (CBB) is a seed-borne disease of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), causing significant economic loss to growers due to reductions in seed yield and quality and the need to annually purchase disease-free seed. Over the past decade a number of breeding lines and cultivars with resistance to CBB have been developed in several bean market classes including navy, black and cranberry beans. A comparison of three susceptible navy bean cultivars and seven resistant navy, three black and one cranberry bean entries in Manitoba revealed that most resistant navy and black bean lines had significantly reduced the incidence of leaf symptoms and their mean yield losses were reduced to less than 17%, while those of the susceptible lines were as high as 36% under severe disease pressure. Only the weakly resistant navy bean cultivar HR67 and the cranberry bean line F4GR1 failed to substantially reduce CBB symptoms or show a yield advantage. The Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) marker PVctt001 in combination with Sequence Characterized Amplified Region (SCAR) marker SU91 was associated with a low incidence of CBB symptoms and a reduced yield loss in five navy bean lines, but not in the cranberry bean line F4GR1. Disease symptoms on the pods in the resistant black and navy beans and seed discoloration of navy beans caused by CBB were also significantly reduced by resistance. Seed weights were reduced by 2.1–4.7% in the susceptible cultivars, but there was only a slight or no decrease or no effect on the seed weight of the CBB-resistant lines and cultivars. Generally the magnitude of the reductions in yield was much greater than the impact on seed weight, which suggests that yield losses were caused by a combination of reduced seed weight and the number of seeds per plant.

Halosulfuron tankmixes applied preplant incorporated for weed control in white bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyi Li ◽  
Rene Van Acker ◽  
Darren E. Robinson ◽  
Nader Soltani ◽  
Peter H. Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Visible Injury ◽  
Wild Mustard ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
White Bean ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Lamb’S Quarters

Six field experiments were conducted over a two-year period (2013 and 2014) to evaluate the tolerance of white bean and spectrum of weeds controlled with halosulfuron applied preplant incorporated (PPI) alone or tankmixed with trifluralin, pendimethalin, EPTC, dimethenamid-P, or S-metolachlor. Halosulfuron applied alone or in tankmix with trifluralin, pendimethalin, EPTC, dimethenamid-P, or S-metolachlor caused 2% or less visible injury 1 and 4 weeks after emergence (WAE). Halosulfuron applied PPI controlled common lamb's-quarters, wild mustard, redroot pigweed, and common ragweed greater than 90% and green foxtail less than 60% 4 and 8 WAE. Weed biomass and density followed a similar pattern. White bean yield with halosulfuron applied alone or in tankmix with the same herbicides was equivalent to the weed-free control.

scholarly journals EFEITO DE NÍVEIS DE COBERTURA DO SOLO SOBRE O MANEJO DA IRRIGAÇÃO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Irriga ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
Ana Lucia Pereira ◽  
José Aloisio Alves Moreira ◽  
Antonio Evaldo Klar
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
Red Latosol ◽  
Set Up

EFEITO DE NÍVEIS DE COBERTURA DO SOLO SOBRE O MANEJO DA IRRIGAÇÃO DO FEIJOEIRO (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)   Ana Lúcia PereiraAGENCIARURAL - Campo Experimental de Rio Verde, Rua do Ginásio, 554, Centro,CEP 75.901-210- Rio Verde, GOJosé Aloísio Alves MoreiraEmbrapa Arroz e Feijão, Cx. Postal 179, CEP 74001-970 – Goiânia, GOAntônio Evaldo Klar*Dept o  de  Eng. Rural – FCA-UNESP, Cx. Postal 237, CEP 18603-970 – Botucatu, SP*Pesquisador Científico do CNPq   1  RESUMO  Este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar os efeitos da cobertura do solo sobre o manejo da irrigação do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Os tratamentos constaram de diferentes níveis de cobertura morta com palhada de capim braquiária (Brachiaria decumbens), obedecendo delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições para os seguintes tratamentos: 0% (0 t/ha),  25% (2,25 t/ha),  50% (4,50 t/ha),  75% (6,75 t/ha)  e  100% (9,0 t/ha). O experimento foi conduzido na Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, no município de Santo Antonio de Goiás, GO, a 16° 28’ 00” de latitude sul, 49° 17’00”  de longitude oeste e 823 m de altitude, num Latossolo Vermelho escuro argiloso, durante o período de junho a setembro de 1997. O manejo da irrigação por microaspersão foi realizado utilizando tensiômetro e a curva característica de água no solo, irrigando toda vez que tensão matricial da água do solo atingia 30 kPa. A análise dos resultados mostrou  diminuição do número de irrigações e aumento do turno de rega nos tratamentos onde a cobertura  atingiu mais de 50% da superfície do solo. Os valores médios da tensão da água do solo nos tratamentos com 0,25 e 50% apresentaram maior variação (turno de rega menor). A cobertura do solo propiciou maior eficiência do uso da água.A produção de grãos foi avaliada não havendo diferença de produtividade entre os tratamentos de cobertura morta.  UNITERMOS: Cobertura do solo, Irrigação, Phaseolus vulgaris L.   PEREIRA, A. L.; MOREIRA , J. A. A.; KLAR, A. E.   THE EFFECTS OF MULCH ON  IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT OF COMMON  BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)   2 ABSTRACT  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects  of mulch on irrigation management of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The randomized block design with four replications was applied on  five mulch rates: 0% (0 t/ha), 25% (2,25 t/ha), 50% (4,5 t/ha), 75% (6,75 t/ha) and 100% (9,0 t/ha).The study was set up at the Experimental Station of Embrapa – CNAF, Santo Antonio de Goias, 16°2’ south, 49° 17’ west and 820 m altitude from June to September, 1997 in a Dark – Red Latosol soil. A microsprinkle irrigation system was used.The results showed: - bean yield was not affected by mulch treatments; - the irrigation number was decreased when  mulch application was higher than 50%.   KEYWORDS: mulch, irrigation, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

scholarly journals Heritability and Correlations Among Popping Characteristics and Seed Weight in a Broad-based Temperate-adapted Nuña Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Population

HortScience ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Vorwald ◽  
James Nienhuis
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
South America ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Unique Property ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Photoperiod Sensitive ◽  
Seed Characteristics

Nuña beans are a type of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) from the Andean region of South America that possess the unique property of popping. To develop temperate-adapted nuña bean cultivars, knowledge is needed regarding the inheritance and relationships among popping characteristics and seed weight. Nuña bean landraces are often photoperiod-sensitive; thus, to obtain estimates of the genetic parameters associated with seed characteristics, populations adapted to the long days of northern temperate climates were developed. Four sets of 10 families, sampled from a temperate-adapted population, were crossed in a Design II mating design. The heritabilities of seed weight, popping percentage, and the coefficient of expansion were relatively high, 0.77 ± 0.04, 0.87 ± 0.07, and 0.74 ± 0.09, respectively. Large positive phenotypic (0.773) and additive genetic (0.539) correlations were observed between popping percentage and the coefficient of expansion. Correlations with seed weight were not significant. The results indicate that direct selection for either increased popping percentage or coefficient of expansion will simultaneously improve both traits with little or no change in seed weight.

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