Effect of random intermatings in early generations on seed yield in interracial populations of common bean

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 683-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Zero (I0), one (I1), and two (I2) rounds of random intermating were made among S1 or S0 families of two interracial populations (GX 8904 and GX 8929) of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The resulting S4 families were evaluated for seed yield, 100-seed weight, and number of days to maturity in six environments in Colombia during 1993 and 1994. The experimental design was a partially balanced, 10 × 10 lattice, with three replications. The mean seed yield after I1 increased by 8.9% in population GX 8904 and by 20.1% in GX 8929. No change occurred in seed yield after I2 in either population. The I1 and I2 of GX 8904, on average, were slightly later maturing than the I0. In GX 8929, I2 was later maturing than I0 and I1. The random intermatings did not induce appreciable changes in 100-seed weight in either population. All S4 families in both populations were either small or medium seeded (< 40 g/100 seed weight) and of intermediate to late maturity (> 70 d to maturity). Key words: Bean (common), interracial population, Phaseolus vulgaris, random intermating, yield selection

Inheritance of seed yield, maturity and seed weight of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under semi-arid rainfed conditions

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. White ◽  
R. M. Ochoa ◽  
F. P. Ibarra ◽  
S. P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Combining Ability ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Tropical Environments ◽  
Expected Gain ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Common ◽  
100 Seed Weight

SUMMARYTo develop an effective breeding programme for rainfed production of the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the inheritance of seed yield under such conditions should be understood, preferably considering the effects of environment to account for site or season specificity. Thus, heritability, expected and realized gain from selection, and combining ability were evaluated for a nine-parent diallel of common bean without reciprocals but including parents, at two locations each in Mexico and Colombia, using the F2 and F3 population bulks. Heritability estimated from regressions of F3 on F2 ranged from 0·09 ± 0·18 (S.E.) to 0·75±0·25 for seed yield, from 0·26±009 to 0·34±009 for days to maturity and from0·57±004 to 0·80±004 for 100-seed weight. Expected gain from selection in the F2 was estimated as a percentage of the population mean, selecting the upper 20% of the populations. Expected gain in seed yield ranged from 1·8 to 8·4% in Mexico and from 6·5 to 28·1% in Colombia. Realized gains in seed yield in the F3 were 0·4–7·4% in Mexico and 2·9–15·7% in Colombia. Realized gain values for days to maturity were < 2·2%, and for 100-seed weight > 13·4%. General combining ability (GCA) mean squares (estimated using Griffing's Method 2, Model 1) were significant (P <0·01) and larger than those for specific combining ability (SCA) for all traits at all locations. The parents from the Mexican highlands tended to have a positive GCA effect for yield in Mexico but negative values in Colombia, whereas parents adapted to mid-elevation tropical environments showed the opposite tendency. However, all significant GCA values of breeding line V8025 were positive in both countries.

Morphological variability and phylogenetic analysis in Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Razvi ◽  
M. N. Khan ◽  
M. Ashraf Bhat ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmad ◽  
S.A. N. Ganaie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

Thirteen common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) accessions collected from different ecological regions of Jammu and Kashmir were evaluated at four diverse locations during kharief 2009. Significant variation was observed for most of the morphological traits. Estimates of heritability (bs) were high (>60 %) for all the traits except pod length. The expected genetic gain (per cent of mean) was high (>30 %) for days to maturity, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1, 100-seed weight and seed yield plant-1 while it was moderate (10.0-30.0%) for days to 50 per cent flowering, number of branches plant-1, pod length and protein content. Seed yield plant-1 was observed to have a highly positive and significant correlation both at phenotypic and genotypic levels with number of pods plant-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and 100-seed weight. But negative and significant correlations with days to 50 per cent flowering and days to maturity were estimated from pooled analysis. Classification of accessions led to the formation of two clusters wherein the maximum number 7 accessions were grouped in cluster I and the remaining six were grouped in cluster II. Analysis of traits contributing maximum to the divergence revealed that traits viz., 100-seed weight (37.10%), protein content (15.26%), number of seeds pod-1 (11.28%) and days to maturity (10.14%) to contribute to the divergence in the present experimental material.

scholarly journals Phenotypic Characterization of 183 Turkish Common Bean Accessions for Agronomic, Trading, and Consumer-Preferred Plant Characteristics for Breeding Purposes

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Azhar Nadeem ◽  
Tolga Karaköy ◽  
Mehmet Zahit Yeken ◽  
Ephrem Habyarimana ◽  
Ruştu Hatipoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Length ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Plant landraces represent a repository of a gene pool, local adaptation of their domestic species, and thereby are considered a great source of genetic variations. Such genetic variation can be helpful to mitigate the current and future food challenges. A total of 183 common bean accessions including three commercial varieties collected from 19 Turkish provinces were grown to record their morpho-agronomic variations and to evaluate the best performing accessions under multi-environmental conditions. Plant height, days to maturity, pods weight, seed length, and 100-seed weight were used to evaluate the best performing accessions under different environmental conditions. A wide range of variations for traits like days to maturity (99–161), plant height (21–168.7 cm), seed length (7.41–16.4 mm), seeds per plant (17.8–254.4), and 100-seeds weight (24.97–73.8 g) were observed and can be useful for breeding purposes. The analytic results derived from the first three eigenvectors suggested that plant height, plant weight, 100-seed weight, and days to flowering were biologically significant bean traits. Seed yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with plant weight and pods weight. Genotype × environment biplot discriminated the studied common bean accessions based on their plant height and growth habit. Plant height, days to maturity, seed width, and first pod height were found highly heritable traits and were least affected by environmental forces. Among 19 provinces, accessions of Bilecik showed maximum pods per plant, seed yield per plant and 100-seed weight, while Erzincan and Sivas provinces reflected the prevalence of bushy and early maturing accessions. Information provided herein comprehensively explored the occurrence of genotypic variations which can be used for the development of candidate varieties responding to breeder, farmer, and consumer preferences.

scholarly journals Genetic Mapping for Agronomic Traits in IAPAR 81/LP97-28 Population of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Drought Conditions

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1568
Author(s):  
Júlio César Ferreira Elias ◽  
Maria Celeste Gonçalves-Vidigal ◽  
Mariana Vaz Vaz Bisneta ◽  
Giseli Valentini ◽  
Pedro Soares Vidigal Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

One of the significant challenges of common bean breeding is developing cultivars with high yields under drought conditions. The present study attempted to map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) and identify molecular markers that are linked to drought tolerance in the common bean. We evaluated 160 recombinant inbred lines (RILs), derived from the cross between the carioca cultivars IAPAR 81 (drought tolerant) and LP97-28 (susceptible to drought). In 2014 and 2015, two experiments were conducted (DS—drought stress, and NS—no drought stress). In the DS experiment, water suppression was performed at the flowering stages R5 to R6. The results of our experiments showed that drought conditions play an essential role in reducing most of the traits that were evaluated. RILs under drought conditions reduced the grain yield by 62.03% and 24% in 2014 and 2015, respectively. We identified 15 quantitative trait loci distributed on the chromosomes Pv01, Pv02, Pv03, Pv07, Pv08, Pv09, Pv10, and Pv11, related to grain yield, seed yield per day, 100-seed weight, number of pods per plant, plant height, number of days for flowering, and number of days to maturity. The characteristics of seed yield per day, 100-seed weight, and number of days to maturity showed that QTLs colocalized on Pv07. Identifying QTLs that are linked to drought tolerance in the RIL population IAPAR 81 × LP97-28 is of particular importance for common bean breeding programs seeking to improve carioca beans that are cultivated in regions with drought conditions, such as Brazil.

scholarly journals Genetic variability and character association among the yield and yield attributing components in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-312
Author(s):  
Vinod Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Eigen Value ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Late Maturity ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Twenty one advanced lines of lentil including three checks were selected. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants of each genotype under each replication and per plant. Data were obtained by averaging the values. (i) Pre-harvest observations - days to flowering, days to maturity, (ii) postharvest observations - plant height (cm), pods per plant, no. of branches per plant, yield per plot (kg/ha), 100- seed weight and plant stand (%) considered .The study revealed that characters viz., 100-seed weight (177.5), plant height (66.1) and seed yield (20.7) showed high GCV apprises. In the present investigation out of eight, only seven components (PCs) exhibited more than 5 Eigen value, and showed about 91.289% total variability among the studied traits. Among the others characters days to maturity was positively and significantly correlated by days to 50% flowering and number of pods per plant suggesting early maturity or late maturity depends on flowering which are directly correlated with seed yield and selection of more number of pods plant gives maximum yield.

scholarly journals Performance of small-seeded common bean from the second selection cycle and multiple-cross intra- and interracial populations

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Carlos A. Urrea ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
J. Arièl Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mass Selection ◽  
Lattice Design ◽  
Multiple Cross ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Selection For ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Twenty experimental lines of small-seeded common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) of Middle American origin from the second cycle of selection (SCS) in multiple-cross intra- and interracial populations were evaluated with two control cultivars from the first cycle of selection (FCS) derived from single-cross intraracial populations and three standard controls at three locations for 3 yr (1988–1990) in Colombia. A 5 × 5 lattice design with four replications was used. Each plot consisted of four rows, 5 m long in the first year and 7 m long in the next 2 years. To develop experimental lines in both selection cycles, visual mass selection for seed yield and/or resistance to diseases in individual plants and plant-to-progeny rows was practiced in early generations. The F2 and F3 were managed by the single-pod bulk method followed by the single plant harvests (F4 or F5), progeny tests (F5 or F6), and seed increases (F6 or F7). The F4- or F5-derived lines were tested for seed yield in F7 or F8. Thirteen lines from the SCS outyielded both control cultivars from the FCS and one standard control. However, only two lines, A 785 and A 774, from the SCS outyielded the best standard control, cultivar Carioca, by an average of 7.7%. Both lines were derived from interracial populations involving high-yielding parents possessing positive general combining ability for seed yield. Most improved lines from the SCS possessed higher yield per day and higher disease resistance. No apparent changes were recorded in days to maturity and 100-seed weight for high-yielding lines. Late-maturing lines usually had lower yield and yield per day.Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris, small-seeded common bean, seed yield, cycles of selection, intra- and interracial crosses

Potential of wild common bean for seed yield improvement of cultivars in the tropics

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 807-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Albeiro Molina ◽  
Paul Gepts
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Test Environment ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Favorable Conditions ◽  
Wild Beans

Thirty nine wild or weedy common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) accessions, representing the two extremes of geographical range of distribution and domestication of cultigens in the Americas, were crossed to a high-yielding, small-seeded cultivar, ICA Pijao. The resulting F1, F2, and F3 population bulks, along with ICA Pijao, were evaluated for seed yield, days to maturity, and 100-seed weight under favorable growing conditions at two locations in Colombia. The F3 and F4 bulks were tested separately under soil-fertility and moisture stresses. Thirty random F5-derived F8 lines from the highest yielding population involving both Andean and Middle American wild beans, along with the parents and a control cultivar, were also evaluated for 2 yr, under favorable conditions. No F1 hybrid, population bulk, or F5-derived F8 line significantly outyielded ICA Pijao in any test environment. The mean yield of F1 hybrids, population bulks, and F5-derived F8 lines involving wild and weedy beans of Middle America was higher than that involving Andean South American wild beans. Heritability for seed yield, seed weight, and days to maturity, as well as gains from selection were comparable to those obtained in crosses among cultivars. The small seed of the progenies and the positive correlation between seed size and seed yield suggest that alternative mating schemes that increase the recovery of progenies with a cultivated phenotype should be investigated. Until this research is done, it would be premature to draw conclusions about the yield improvement potential of wild beans. Key words:Phaseolus vulgaris, common bean (wild), yield, heterosis, heritability, selection gain

HETEROSIS AND INBREEDING DEPRESSION IN DRY BUSH BEANS, Phaseolus vulgaris L.

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. ARIEL GUTIERREZ ◽  
SHREE P. SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Parental Line ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bean Yield ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
100 Seed Weight

Heterosis and inbreeding depression in 13 crosses involving 10 dry bush bean, Phaseolus vulgaris L., lines and varieties are reported for days to maturity, pods per plant, 100-seed weight, seeds per pod, and bean yield. Six crosses showed positive heterosis (27.8–47.3%) over the mid-parent value for bean yield. Parents in each of these heterotic crosses differed for growth habit, seed size and geographical origin. But none of the F1 hybrids yielded significantly better than the highest yielding parental line. None of the crosses showed heterosis for pods per plant. All significant heterotic values for seeds per pod were negative. For 100-seed weight three crosses, both parents of which had small seeds, showed positive heterosis but one cross which had a significant negative value had one parent with small seeds and the one with large seeds. One heterotic cross each for bean yield and 100-seed weight showed subsequent inbreeding depression. But five crosses for bean yield, and one cross for 100-seed weight showing positive heterosis did not exhibit reduction due to inbreeding. Also, some crosses which either had nonsignificant or negative heterotic values for bean yield and yield components showed positive effects of inbreeding, i.e. the F2 outperformed the corresponding F1 hybrids. Possible causes for these phenomena are discussed.Key words: Bean, heterosis, inbreeding depression

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