CONTROL OF WILD OATS, GREEN FOXTAIL AND TARTARY BUCKWHEAT WITH MIXTURES OF PROPANIL OR PROPANIL/MCPA AND POSTEMERGENCE WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

The phytotoxicity of barban, diclofop, difenzoquat and flamprop to wild oats (Avena fatua L.) was reduced when these herbicides were tank-mixed with propanil or propanil/MCPA. Green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.) control with propanil and propanil/MCPA was poor. Propanil/MCPA in a tank mixture with diclofop reduced diclofop control of green foxtail. Barban in a tank mixture with propanil increased green foxtail and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Beauv.) control compared to propanil alone. All other tank mixtures of propanil or propanil/MCPA with the wild oat herbicides had no significant effects on green foxtail control compared with propanil or propanil/MCPA. Tartary buckwheat control with propanil was good and the wild oat herbicides (except barban) in tank mixtures with propanil did not influence Tartary buckwheat control. There was an early chlorosis of wheat following treatments containing propanil or propanil/MCPA but this disappeared later in the growing season. Because of the reduced wild oat control with tank mixtures of propanil or propanil/MCPA with barban, diclofop, difenzoquat or flamprop, use of these mixtures for broadspectrum weed control is not practical.

Effect of imazamethabenz on green foxtail, tartary buckwheat and wild oat at different growth stages

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 821-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. N. Harker ◽  
P. A. O'Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Stage ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Green Foxtail

Field experiments were conducted at the Lacombe Research Station to determine the influence of growth stage on the control of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tartaricum (L.) Gaertn.) with imazamethabenz in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). In greenhouse experiments, the effct of imazamethabenz on canola (Brassica campestris L.) or green foxtail (Setaria viridis L. Beauv.) at two growth stages was also studied. Canola and wild oat were highly susceptible, Tartary buckwheat was somewhat less susceptible, and green foxtail was rather tolerant to imazamethabenz. Imazamethabenz was much more effective on early growth stages of wild oat (2 leaf) and Tartary buckwheat (1–2 leaf), whereas the control of canola and the suppression of green foxtail was much less dependent on growth stage. Linear regression equations were developed to describe the response of the above species to the imazamethabenz treatments. Key words: AC 222, 293; phenology; regression; Setaria viridis; Fagopyrum tartaricum; Avena fatua

MSMA for Weed Control in Wheat (Triticum Aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Miller ◽  
J. D. Nalewaja ◽  
E. Pacholak
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Propanoic Acid ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Better Than

Postemergence applications of MSMA (monosodium methanearsonate) for weed control in spring wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) were evaluated in the field, greenhouse, and controlled environmental chamber. MSMA controlled weeds better when applied to wheat at the four- to five-leaf stage than when applied at the two- to three-leaf stage. MSMA, tank mixed with barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl-m-chlorocarbanilate) or diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid}, controlled wild oat (Avena fatuaL.), green foxtail, [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.] and broadleaf weeds better than did MSMA applied alone. Wild oat control with tank-mix applications of MSMA and difenzoquat (1,2-dimethyl-3,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrazolium) was variable. Weed control with MSMA was enhanced by 30 C air temperatures, 90% relative humidity, and adequate soil moisture. A simulated rainfall of 0.5 mm within 0.5 h or 4 mm with 4 hr after application reduced wild oat control with MSMA.

CONTROL OF WILD OATS AND TARTARY BUCKWHEAT WITH MIXTURES OF METRIBUZIN AND VARIOUS POSTEMERGENCE WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Inert Ingredients

The phytotoxicity of difenzoquat, flamprop, barban and diclofop to wild oats (Avena fatua L.) was reduced when each of these herbicides was applied in a tank mixture with metribuzin or metribuzin + MCPA. When metribuzin was applied immediately following, or 6 days after the wild oat herbicides, or when the inert ingredients in the metribuzin formulation were tank-mixed with each of the wild oat herbicides, no reduction in phytotoxicity to wild oat occurred, suggesting that the antagonism may be occurring in the spray tank as a result of an interaction between the metribuzin active ingredient and each of the wild oat herbicides. No loss of metribuzin or metribuzin + MCPA phytotoxicity to Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Beauv.) occurred when these herbicides were tank-mixed with each of the four wild oat herbicides.

Selectivity of Dichlofop Methyl Among Wheat, Barley, Wild Oat (Arena fatua) and Green Foxtail (Setaria viridis)

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 382-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.G. Todd ◽  
E.H. Stobbe
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Species Sensitivity ◽  
Methyl Propionate ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Green Foxtail

The selectivity of {2-[4-(2′,4′-dichlorophenoxy) phenoxy] methyl propionate}, (hereinafter referred to as dichlofop methyl), among wheat (Triticum aestivumL. ‘Neepawa’), barley (Hordeum vulgareL. ‘Bonanza’), wild oat (Avena fatuaL.), and green foxtail (Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.) was investigated. On an ED50basis, barley, wild oat, and green foxtail were 2, 190, and 1,090 times more sensitive, respectively, to foliar-applied dichlofop methyl at the two-leaf stage than was wheat. Selectivity decreased with increasing maturity of the plant material with the ratio of selectivity between barley and wild oat decreasing from 55 at the two-leaf stage to three at the four-leaf-plus-one-tiller stage. Greater spray retention and more rapid penetration of dichlofop methyl partially explained the susceptibility of green foxtail, but did not explain selectivity between wheat, wild oat, and barley. Root uptake of14C-dichlofop methyl by the four species was proportional to the amount of solution absorbed during the treatment period and to the concentration of dichlofop methyl in the treatment solution but was not related to species sensitivity to this herbicide.

Selectivity and Site of Action in Relation to Field Performance of Diclofop

Weed Science ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. N. P. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

In the greenhouse, the methyl ester of diclofop {2-[4-(2,4-diclorophenoxy)phenoxy] propanoic acid} as a postemergence application at 1.1 kg/ha ai did not affect the growth of the seven dicotyledonous crops with the exception of slight injury to yellow [white] mustard(Brassica hirtaMoench). Of the 13 gramineous species, corn(Zea maysL.), green foxtail [Setaria viridis(L.) Beauv.], oats(Avena sativaL.) wild oats(Avena fatuaL.), sorghum [Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench], and timothy(Phleum pratenseL.) were rated highly susceptible, while barley(Hordeum vulgareL.), bromegrass [smooth brome](Bromus inermisLeyss.), durum wheat(Triticum durumDesf.), intermediate wheatgrass [Agropyron intermedium(Host) Beauv.], Russian wild ryegrass(Elymus junceusFisch.), triticale(X TriticosecaleWittmack), and wheat(Triticum aestivumL.) were relatively tolerant. Residue of diclofop in the soil partially controlled green foxtail which was seeded 3 weeks after herbicide application. Whether applied to wild oat shoots or roots, diclofop affected the entire plant, but growth reduction was great when applied to the shoots. Field results confirmed that foliar application gave the best weed control resulting in larger wheat yield increases. Wild oat control was greatly enhanced when an adjuvant was added to diclofop. This enhanced herbicidal activity appeared to have no effect on tolerance of barley at 0.8 kg/ha nor wheat at 1.1 kg/ha. Increasing the temperature from 12 to 28 C decreased wild oat control from diclofop at 1.1 kg/ha. In the field, diclofop at rates ranging from 0.8 to 2.2 kg/ha gave good control of wild oats and green foxtail resulting in significantly increased wheat yield compared to the checks. However, barley yield increases were obtained only at the rates from 0.8 to 1.1 kg/ha, indicating that at the higher rates barley was less tolerant than wheat. The 0.6 kg/ha rate with an adjuvant gave adequate weed control and significant barley yield increases over the checks, when evaluated on five barley cultivars.

EFFECTS OF COMBINED APPLICATIONS OF TRIALLATE OR TRIFLURALIN WITH SOLUTION NITROGEN ON WHEAT, WILD OATS AND GREEN FOXTAIL

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. MOYER ◽  
R. D. DRYDEN
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

Tank mixtures of solution nitrogen, triallate [S-(2,3,3-trichloroallyl)diisopropyl-thiocarbamate] and/or trifluralin [α,α,α,-trifluro-2, 6-dinitro-N, N-dipropyl-p-toluidine] were evaluated for the control of wild oats (Avena fatua L.) and/or green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.). The response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cv. Neepawa to solution nitrogen applied alone or in combination with triallate and/or trifluralin were evaluated. Good control of wild oats and green foxtail was obtained with a tank mixture of solution nitrogen, trifluralin at 1.38 kg/ha, and triallate at 1.65 kg/ha. Tank mixtures of triallate at 1.65 kg/ha with solution nitrogen controlled wild oats. Trifluralin at 1.38 kg/ha with solution nitrogen controlled wild oats and green foxtail. Control of green foxtail and wild oats resulted in increased wheat yields, higher nitrogen content in wheat grain, and a more efficient use of applied nitrogen fertilizer. The response of wheat to nitrogen was similar when nitrogen was applied in tank mixes with herbicides or with water to hand-weeded plots.

WILD OATS, GREEN FOXTAIL, AND BROAD-LEAVED WEEDS: CONTROL AND EFFECT ON CORN YIELD AT BRANDON, MANITOBA

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. MOYER ◽  
R. D. DRYDEN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Weeds Control ◽  
Methods Of Application

Twelve weed control treatments recommended for corn (Zea mays L.) in the dryland areas of Western Canada were compared over a 3-yr period from 1975 to 1977. Corn yields were similar after treatment with atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine) alone, plus cultivation, or plus butylate (S-ethyl di-diisobutylthiocarbamate), or EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate) plus R25788 (N,N-diallyl-2,2-dichloroacetamide). Wild oats (Avena fatua L.) were consistently controlled by atrazine or by EPTC plus R25788 applied and incorporated before seeding. Postemergence applications of atrazine plus oil also effectively controlled wild oats. Butylate was not as effective as atrazine or EPTC plus R25788 in the control of wild oats. EPTC plus R25788 and butylate consistently controlled green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) while atrazine effectively controlled green foxtail only in 1976 when rainfall was above normal during the period of green foxtail emergence and initial growth. Broad-leaved weeds were controlled by atrazine with all methods of application. The preplant incorporation of atrazine plus butylate and the postemergence application of atrazine plus oil in a band over the row followed by interrow cultivation consistently controlled all weeds. Wild oats and broad-leaved weeds greatly reduced corn yields whereas green foxtail did not compete strongly with corn. Green foxtail was present only in the unweeded and atrazine treatments and, in those treatments, its ability to compete with corn may have been reduced by either wild oats or atrazine, respectively.

SPLIT APPLICATIONS AND TANK MIX COMBINATIONS OF DICLOFOP-METHYL AND MCPA FOR WEED CONTROL IN BARLEY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. QURESHI ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Assimilate Transport ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Total Dosage ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
And Control

Injury to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) caused by the foliar-applied wild oat (Avena fatua L.) herbicide diclofop-methyl {methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoate} was evaluated and application methods were modified to reduce or eliminate the injury and loss in yield. Diclofop-methyl caused shoot chlorosis and inhibited growth of both barley and wild oats. In barley, assimilate transport to the roots was reduced and this effect was not altered by MCPA {butyl ester of [(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] acetic acid}. Injury to barley from split applications of diclofop-methyl was minimal, and wild oat control was maintained as long as the interval between applications was less than 7 days. A 4-day interval between MCPA and diclofop-methyl prevented most of the antagonism that occurs with application of a tank mixture of the two herbicides. If diclofop-methyl at one-third of the total dosage was applied in one treatment, followed 4 days later by the remainder of the dosage mixed with MCPA, barley injury was minimal and control of both wild oats and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) was excellent.

INTERACTION BETWEEN DIFENZOQUAT AND PROPANIL OR PROPANIL/MCPA COMBINATIONS FOR WILD OAT AND GREEN FOXTAIL CONTROL IN BARLEY

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. SHARMA ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Chemical Change ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Marked Inhibition ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Separation Of Components

Tank mixtures of difenzoquat and propanil or propanil/MCPA were evaluated for the control of wild oats (Avena factua L.) and green foxtail (Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv.) in a single spray operation. Both propanil and propanil/MCPA reduced the efficacy of difenzoquat on wild oats, but the efficacy of propanil or propanil/MCPA on green foxtail was not adversely affected. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) tolerance to the tank mixture was lower than to either of the components of the mixture. Uptake of 14C-difenzoquat by wild oats was reduced markedly in the presense of propanil and propanil/MCPA. If the herbicides were applied separately, the reduction in uptake depended on the extent of overlap of droplets of the two spray preparations on the leaf surface. There was no evidence of a chemical change in difenzoquat in the tank mixes, but the observed separation of components of the mixture soon after mixing may be partly responsible for the reduced uptake. We conclude that the marked inhibition of difenzoquat uptake in the presence of propanil or propanil/MCPA plays an important role in bringing about the antagonism between these herbicides.

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