CONTROL OF WILD OATS AND TARTARY BUCKWHEAT WITH MIXTURES OF METRIBUZIN AND VARIOUS POSTEMERGENCE WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1980 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1255-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Active Ingredient ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Inert Ingredients

The phytotoxicity of difenzoquat, flamprop, barban and diclofop to wild oats (Avena fatua L.) was reduced when each of these herbicides was applied in a tank mixture with metribuzin or metribuzin + MCPA. When metribuzin was applied immediately following, or 6 days after the wild oat herbicides, or when the inert ingredients in the metribuzin formulation were tank-mixed with each of the wild oat herbicides, no reduction in phytotoxicity to wild oat occurred, suggesting that the antagonism may be occurring in the spray tank as a result of an interaction between the metribuzin active ingredient and each of the wild oat herbicides. No loss of metribuzin or metribuzin + MCPA phytotoxicity to Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Beauv.) occurred when these herbicides were tank-mixed with each of the four wild oat herbicides.

CONTROL OF WILD OATS, GREEN FOXTAIL AND TARTARY BUCKWHEAT WITH MIXTURES OF PROPANIL OR PROPANIL/MCPA AND POSTEMERGENCE WILD OAT HERBICIDES

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Tartary Buckwheat ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Setaria Viridis ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Green Foxtail

The phytotoxicity of barban, diclofop, difenzoquat and flamprop to wild oats (Avena fatua L.) was reduced when these herbicides were tank-mixed with propanil or propanil/MCPA. Green foxtail (Setaria viridis L.) control with propanil and propanil/MCPA was poor. Propanil/MCPA in a tank mixture with diclofop reduced diclofop control of green foxtail. Barban in a tank mixture with propanil increased green foxtail and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Beauv.) control compared to propanil alone. All other tank mixtures of propanil or propanil/MCPA with the wild oat herbicides had no significant effects on green foxtail control compared with propanil or propanil/MCPA. Tartary buckwheat control with propanil was good and the wild oat herbicides (except barban) in tank mixtures with propanil did not influence Tartary buckwheat control. There was an early chlorosis of wheat following treatments containing propanil or propanil/MCPA but this disappeared later in the growing season. Because of the reduced wild oat control with tank mixtures of propanil or propanil/MCPA with barban, diclofop, difenzoquat or flamprop, use of these mixtures for broadspectrum weed control is not practical.

SPLIT APPLICATIONS AND TANK MIX COMBINATIONS OF DICLOFOP-METHYL AND MCPA FOR WEED CONTROL IN BARLEY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. QURESHI ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Ester ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Assimilate Transport ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Total Dosage ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
And Control

Injury to barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) caused by the foliar-applied wild oat (Avena fatua L.) herbicide diclofop-methyl {methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) phenoxy] propanoate} was evaluated and application methods were modified to reduce or eliminate the injury and loss in yield. Diclofop-methyl caused shoot chlorosis and inhibited growth of both barley and wild oats. In barley, assimilate transport to the roots was reduced and this effect was not altered by MCPA {butyl ester of [(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy] acetic acid}. Injury to barley from split applications of diclofop-methyl was minimal, and wild oat control was maintained as long as the interval between applications was less than 7 days. A 4-day interval between MCPA and diclofop-methyl prevented most of the antagonism that occurs with application of a tank mixture of the two herbicides. If diclofop-methyl at one-third of the total dosage was applied in one treatment, followed 4 days later by the remainder of the dosage mixed with MCPA, barley injury was minimal and control of both wild oats and Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.) was excellent.

Influence of Thiameturon and DPX-L5300 on Wild Oats (Avena fatua) Control with Barban, Diclofop, AC 222,293, and Difenzoquat

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 792-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte V. Eberlein ◽  
Timothy L. Miller ◽  
John V. Wiersma
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Physical Interaction ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Inert Ingredients ◽  
Tlc Analysis

In field studies, wild oat control with AC 222,293 and difenzoquat was not reduced when each herbicide was applied in combination with thiameturon or DPX-L5300. Mixtures of barban with thiameturon gave wild oats control similar to barban applied alone, but mixtures of barban with DPX-L5300 sometimes gave less wild oats control than barban applied alone. Control was reduced when diclofop was applied in combination with thiameturon in 1985 but not in 1986. When antagonism occurred, addition of crop oil concentrate (COC) at 1.2 L/ha to the diclofop-thiameturon spray mixture overcame the antagonism. When diclofop was applied in combination with DPX-L5300, control was reduced and antagonism could not be overcome by increasing the diclofop rate or by adding COC to the spray mixture. In greenhouse studies the inert ingredients in the thiameturon and DPX-L5300 formulations did not antagonize diclofop activity on wild oats. TLC analysis of14C-diclofop solutions with and without thiameturon or DPX-L5300 revealed neither degradation products of diclofop nor evidence of complexing between diclofop and thiameturon or diclofop and DPX-L5300. Diclofop antagonism by thiameturon or DPX-L5300 was not due to a chemical or physical interaction between the herbicides in the spray mixture.

INFLUENCE OF HERBICIDES FOR BROAD-LEAVED WEEDS AND ADJUVANTS WITH DICHLORFOP METHYL ON WILD OAT CONTROL

1977 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. O’SULLIVAN ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN ◽  
H. A. FRIESEN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Fagopyrum Tataricum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Reduced Rate

A reduced rate of dichlorfop methyl 2[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-phenoxypropionic acid methyl ester] (0.56 kg/ha) in combination with different adjuvants provided as effective wild oat (Avena fatua L.) control as the recommended field rate (1.12 kg/ha) without adjuvants. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) yields were higher when treated with dichlorfop methyl at 0.56 kg/ha plus adjuvants than when treated with dichlorfop methyl at 1.12 kg/ha. The herbicidal activity of dichlorfop methyl on wild oats was severely reduced on addition to the spray mixture of growth-hormone-type herbicides for broad-leaved weeds. The antagonism was due to the active ingredients in the herbicide formulations for broad-leaved weeds rather than to solvent incompatibilities. Ester formulations of herbicides for broad-leaved weeds caused less antagonism of dichlorfop methyl activity than did amine formulations. Non-hormonal contact-type herbicides (e.g., bromoxynil at 0.28 kg/ha) were compatible with dichlorfop methyl. Attempts to find a mixture containing low rates of dichlorfop methyl and extra adjuvants in combination with low rates of both bromoxynil and MCPA ester, which would be effective against both broad-leaved weeds and wild oats, were unsuccessful. Dichlorfop methyl did not reduce the herbicidal activity of growth-hormone-type herbicides on Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum L. Gaertn.).

Barban Selectivity for Wild Oat in Wheat

Weed Science ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 476-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Neidermyer ◽  
John D. Nalewaja
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wild Oats

The response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and wild oat (Avena fatua L.) to barban (4-chloro-2-butynyl-m-chlorocarbanilate) was studied as influenced by plant morphology and air temperature after application. Growth of wheat and wild oat seedlings was reduced by barban at 0.3 μg and 0.6 μg applied to the first node, respectively. Barban application to the base and midpoint of the first leaf blade required a lower dose to reduce wild oat growth than wheat growth. Increased tillering occurred from barban injury to the main culm in wheat. Wheat and wild oat susceptibility to barban increased as the post-treatment temperature decreased from 32 to 10 C. Barban selectivity for wild oats in wheat was greater at 27 and 21 C than at 16 and 10 C.

SPRAY DROPLET DISTRIBUTION AND HERBICIDE UPTAKE IN SEQUENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF DICLOFOP-METHYL AND MCPA FOR WEED CONTROL IN BARLEY

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. QURESHI ◽  
W. H. VANDEN BORN
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
Spray Droplet ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Droplet Distribution ◽  
Spray Droplets ◽  
Spray Volume

Uptake of 14C-diclofop-methyl {methyl 2-[4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenoxy propanoate]} by leaves of wild oats (Avena fatua L.) was reduced significantly in the presence of MCPA {[(4-chloro-o-tolyl)oxy]acetic acid]}, especially the dimethylamine formulation. If the herbicides were applied separately, the degree of interference with uptake depended on the extent of overlap of droplets of the two spray preparations on the leaf surface. Spray volume and direction of spray application were important factors in minimizing the mixing of spray droplets on the leaves if the two herbicides were applied separately with a tandem arrangement of two sprayers. Such a sequential application of MCPA ester and diclofop-methyl in a field experiment provided significantly greater wild oat control than could be obtained with a tank mix of the same two herbicides, but the results were not consistent enough to recommend the procedure for practical use.

Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Infestations and Economic Returns as Influenced by Frequency of Control

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. O'Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Economic Returns ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Average Return

In continuous wheat or barley or in a canola/barley rotation, wild oat control every year over 4 yr maintained wild oat seedling populations at 3 plants/m2 or less. Failure to control wild oats annually increased wild oat populations (>200 plants/m2 by the fourth year) in continuous wheat dramatically, while in the other two cropping systems, populations increased to only 40 plants/m2 or less by the fourth year. In the continuous wheat and in the canola/barley rotation, wild oat control every year generally provided the best economic returns when prices and costs were averaged over 4 yr; in continuous barley, the average return was better when wild oats was controlled only in the second or third years rather than every year.

Morphological and physiological variation in wild oats (Avena fatua L. and A. ludoviciana Dur.) and in hybrids between wild and cultivated oats

1957 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan M. Thurston
Keyword(s):  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
Physiological Variation ◽  
Wild Oats

In samples of wild-oat panicles collected in England and Wales in 1951 only two species, Avena fatua L. and Avena ludoviciana Dur., occurred; both were very variable in grain characters but most plants bred true. Plants of all except one type of A. fatua were upright in habit with few tillers and averaged 95% dormant grains at harvest; plants of A. ludoviciana were procumbent or prostrate at the maximum tillering stage with numerous tillers and the percentage dormant grains was lower than in A. fatua.The taxonomy of wild oats is discussed. Chromosome counts on eleven selections showed that 2n = 42.Types intermediate between wild and cultivated oats were compared with wild oats.

Lentil (Lens culinaris) Yield as Influenced by Duration of Wild Oat (Avena fatua) Interference

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
William S. Curran ◽  
Larry A. Morrow ◽  
Ralph E. Whitesides
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Time Periods

Studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of wild oat (Avena fatua L. # AVEFA) interference in lentils (Lens culinaris Medik). An infestation of 32 and 65 wild oats/m2 maintained up to 5 weeks in the field did not reduce lentil grain yield. However, 32 wild oats/m2 reduced yields 32% when allowed to remain for 7 weeks and 49% if they remained until harvest time (11 weeks). Sixty-five wild oats/m2 reduced grain yield 42 and 61% for the same time periods, respectively. In the growth chamber, 69 wild oats/m2 reduced lentil plant dry weight 29% if allowed to remain for 3 weeks, 61% for 5 weeks, and 72% for 7 weeks (harvest time). The field data suggest that wild oat control measures may be delayed for several weeks after lentil emergence without reducing crop yield.

Changes in inorganic phosphate and seed germinability during afterripening of wild oats

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 2469-2471 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Quick ◽  
Andrew I. Hsiao
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Seed Germinability ◽  
Wild Oats

The period of afterripening required by dormant seeds of wild oat (Avena fatua L.) depends upon their genetic and environmental history. A steady increase was found in the level of inorganic phosphate (Pi) and germinability of dry mature caryopses of genetically dormant wild oat lines as afterripening progressed. There were no appreciable changes in Pi or in germinability of the companion seeds stored at −15 °C over the period of study. Secondary seeds were more dormant and had lower levels of Pi during afterripening than was the case with primary seeds. Storage at room temperature had little effect on Pi level of nondormant seed line. Results support the hypothesis that levels of endogenous Pi within the seed influence germinability.

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