Strategies of feeding supplemental soybean meal to primiparous dairy cows

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Protein Status ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Intestinal Protein ◽  
Protein Supply

Primiparous dairy cows were utilized in two experiments to evaluate the productive benefits of modifying the strategy of within-day feeding of soybean meal (SBM) as a supplement to a basal mixed ration fed twice daily. The design of the two experiments was the same, although one was completed with early-lactation cows and the other with late-lactation cows. The evaluation of protein status of all treatments, after the experiments were complete, indicated that cows were limited by supplies of digestible undegraded intake protein (DUIP) on all treatments of both experiments. However, benefits of feeding 800 g d−1 of supplemental SBM versus none were primarily restricted to enhanced production of milk protein, and it is suggested that this was primarily the result of the contribution of DUIP from SBM to intestinal protein supply. Feeding SBM in two versus four daily meals either 1 or 1 and 5 h, respectively, after offer of the mixed ration had no influence on animal performance at either stage of lactation. However, feeding SBM in two daily meals 1 h prior to the mixed ration versus in two daily meals 1 h after offer of the mixed ration enhanced milk, milk energy, and milk lactose output in late lactation, but not in early lactation. These apparently inconsistent production responses between stages of lactation are consistent with a hypothesis that microbial growth is progressively restricted as supplies of degraded intake protein (DIP), relative to requirements, decline. Under these conditions, which applied to the late-lactation cows, feeding DIP at times of the day when rumen-soluble N levels would be lowest (i.e., pre-feeding) would be beneficial for stimulating microbial growth prior to ingestion of the mixed ration. Key words: Management, strategy, sequence, dairy cattle

Early lactation responses to red clover or ryegrass silages offered to dairy cows during the dry period

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 124-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Jaurena ◽  
J. M. Moorby ◽  
W. J. Fisher ◽  
D. W. R. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
True Protein ◽  
Protein Supply

Energy and protein supply during the dry period can affect subsequent milk production and composition (Moorby et al., 1996). Grass silage is a common ingredient of dry cow diets, but although it is usually adequate in crude protein concentration (CP), a high proportion is frequently in non-protein forms. Red clover silage has shown interesting characteristics that would increase true protein supply to ruminants (Broderick et al., 2000), which could avoid the use of more expensive concentrate supplements. The objective of this experiment was to compare red clover and ryegrass silage when fed as the sole source of forage to dry cows with a diet comprising ryegrass silage and a protein supplement.

scholarly journals Production effects of feeding extruded soybean meal to early-lactation dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (10) ◽  
pp. 8999-9016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.T. Harper ◽  
J. Oh ◽  
A. Melgar ◽  
K. Nedelkov ◽  
S. Räisänen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Production Effects

Use of fat-coated or heat-treated soybean meal for partial replacement of solvent-extracted soybean meal in the diets of early lactation dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Sahraei Belverdy ◽  
Ali Akbar Khadem ◽  
Ali A. Alamouti ◽  
Jaber Khani ◽  
Sergio Calsamiglia
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Heat Treated

scholarly journals Response of Dairy Cows in Early Lactation to Sodium Hydroxide-Treated Soybean Meal

1988 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 982-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Bowman ◽  
D.G. Grieve ◽  
J.G. Buchanan-Smith ◽  
G.K. Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Early Lactation

scholarly journals Red blood count in dairy cows in periparturient period and in early lactation

2011 ◽  
Vol 65 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 313-322
Author(s):  
Vesna Davidovic ◽  
Mirjana Joksimovic-Todorovic ◽  
Slavca Hristov ◽  
Branislav Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Blood Count ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Haemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Extreme Stress ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Blood Haemoglobin

The paper presents results of red blood count studies in dairy cows in the periparturient period and early lactation, when cows are in a state of extreme stress due to intensive endocrine and metabolic changes. Investigations were carried out on 20 cows of the Holstein-Friesian breed which were in their second to fifth lactation. Blood samples were drawn 15 days before calving, on the first day after partus (2-5h) and on days 15, 30, and 45 of lactation. The biggest average number of erythrocytes (7.00?0.48?1012/L blood), haemoglobin concentration (115.95?8.49 g/L blood) and haematocrit value (33.11?2.97%) were established on the first day after partus. This erythrocyte count was significantly higher against the value determined during the last two week of gravidity (p<0.01) and during the early stage of lactation (p<0.001). Haemoglobin and haematocrit concentration in the prepartal period and immediately after calving were statistically significantly higher (p<0.001) than on days 15, 30, and 45 of lactation. Haematological indexes: the average erythrocyte volume (MCV), average haemoglobin value in erythrocytes (MCH) and average haemoglobin concentration in erythrocytes (MCHC) were within the limits of the referent values. On the first day of partus, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was significantly higher than in early lactation (p<0.01 on days 15 and 30, and p<0.001 on day 45). The results of the analyses indicated a decrease in all examined haematological parameters during the period of lactation, but the determined differences were not significant.

EFFECT OF FEEDING SOYBEAN MEAL PROTECTED WITH SODIUM HYDROXIDE, FRESH BLOOD, OR FISH HYDROLYSATE TO GROWING CALVES AND LACTATING DAIRY COWS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. MIR ◽  
G. K. MacLEOD ◽  
J. G. BUCHANAN-SMITH ◽  
D. G. GRIEVE ◽  
W. L. GROVUM
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Fresh Blood ◽  
Protein Utilization ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Calves ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Soybean meal (SBM) protected from degradation in the rumen by NaOH, fresh blood (BL) or fish hydrolysate (FH) was evaluated in a digestibility and nitrogen (N) balance trial using weaned male Holstein calves and in a lactation trial (FH was not included) with multiparous high-yielding Holstein cows. N digestibility increased (P < 0.05) by inclusion of NaOH-treated SBM in the diet. N retention by calves increased (P < 0.05) with NaOH or BL treatment. DM intakes and milk composition in the lactation trial were not different across treatments. Milk yield, fat-corrected milk and solids-corrected milk yields and efficiency of protein utilization by cows fed NaOH-treated SBM diet were higher (P < 0.05) than by cows fed untreated SBM diet. These observations suggest that inclusion of NaOH- or BL-treated SBM results in improved protein utilization by young growing calves. NaOH treatment of SBM also results in production of more milk in high-yielding cows during early lactation. Key words: Soybean meal, sodium hydroxide, blood, fish hydrolysate, protected protein, calves, dairy cows

Effect of stage of lactation and feeding level on milk yield response by stall-fed dairy cows to change in pasture intake

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 495 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Grainger
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Feeding Level ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Three separate experiments were carried out to determine the effects of stage of lactation and feeding level on marginal production response by dairy cows to change in feeding level. In each experiment cows were individually offered cut pasture in stalls, ad libitum initially for 10 days, and for a further 28-day period when feeding treatments were imposed. In experiment 1, a total of 37 cows in early or late lactation were offered the same high quality pasture diet either ad libitum or at 0.60 x ad libitum intake. In experiments 2 and 3, 35 and 31 cows which were in early (experiment 2) or late lactation (experiment 3) were offered pasture at 1 of 3 feeding levels: ad libitum, 0.75 x ad libitum. 0.50 x ad libitum intake. In experiment 1 the marginal response was similar, 23.5 and 25.0 g milk fat/kg change in dry matter intake, for cows offered the same diet in early or late lactation. In experiment 2, cows in early lactation showed marginal responses which ranged from 0 to 80 g milk fat/kg dry matter intake and were greater at lower feeding levels and for cows with greater initial milk production. In experiment 3, the marginal response for cows in late lactation was similar to that in experiment 1 (24.4 g milk fat/kg change in DM intake) and was not significantly affected by the level of feeding or by the initial milk production of the cow. Reduced levels of feeding in late lactation appeared to accelerate the changes in milk composition which occur normally in late lactation: increases in the concentration of milk fat and protein; a decrease in lactose concentration. It is concluded that in early lactation, much of the published variation in marginal response can be explained by differences between experiments in levels of feeding studied and in the initial milk yield of the cows. In late lactation there was much less variation in the reported magnitude of the marginal response, and the variation which did exist can be explained by experimental error.

Effect of pasture feeding levels on the responses of lactating dairy cows to high energy supplements

1989 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Stockdale ◽  
TE Trigg
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Energy Supplement ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Energy Supplements

Stall-fed dairy cows were fed amounts of pasture ranging from 6.7 to 11.8 kg DM/cow.day and supplemented with either 0, 2.2 or 4.5 kg DM/cow.day of pelleted concentrates. Twenty-eight cows in their third month of lactation and 29 cows in their eighth month of lactation were fed in this manner for about 5 weeks. Stage of lactation had a major influence on responses obtained from feeding a high energy supplement to pasture-fed cows. In early lactation, for cows fed 6.8 kg DM, marginal responses from feeding an additional kg DM of concentrates were 1.85, 0.053 and 0.059 kg milk, milk fat and milk protein, respectively; if they were fed 11.7 kg DM of pasture, marginal responses from concentrates were more than halved (0.58 kg milk, 0.019 kg milk fat and 0.027 kg milk protein per kg DM). The latter response to concentrates, where high levels of pasture were fed to cows in early lactation, were less than those obtained in late lactation at any level of pasture feeding.

Niacin nutrition and rumen-protected niacin supplementation in dairy cows: an updated review

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (10) ◽  
pp. 1103-1112
Author(s):  
Juncai Chen ◽  
Zhenguo Yang ◽  
Guozhong Dong
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Plasma Nefa ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Lipolytic Action ◽  
Heat Stress Condition

AbstractAs the precursor to NAD+ and NADP+, niacin is important for catabolic and anabolic redox reactions. In addition, niacin is known for its anti-lipolytic action via a hydroxycarboxylic acid-2-receptor-dependent mechanism. The anti-lipolytic effects of traditional free niacin supplementation during transition periods had been studied extensively, but the reported effects are ambiguous. In the past decade, a series of studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of rumen-protected niacin (RPN) on production performance and metabolic status in early lactation and on heat stress in dairy cows. Feeding RPN seems more effective than free niacin regarding increasing circulating niacin concentration. The rebound of plasma NEFA was found after termination of niacin abomasal infusion. Feeding RPN or infusion of niacin via the abomasum could suppress lipolysis and reduce insulin resistance in early lactation. Additionally, RPN supplementation could possibly relieve heat stress through vasodilation during moderate to severe heat stress condition. However, these beneficial effects of niacin supplementation have not always been observed. The inconsistent results across studies may be related to dosages of niacin supplementation, rebound of plasma NEFA concentration, stage of lactation or severity of heat stress. Overall, the current review is to present updated information on niacin nutrition in dairy cows and the recommendations are given for future research.

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