Effect of forage type and supplemental dietary vitamin E on milk oxidative stability

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1181-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. G. Nicholson ◽  
Anne-Marie St-Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Forage Type ◽  
Alfalfa Silage ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E ◽  
Spontaneous Oxidation ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Twelve Holstein cows in each of two replicates were used to determine the effect of forage type and vitamin E supplementation on the oxidative stability of milk. Alfalfa or corn silage was fed ad libitum as the sole roughage, with a concentrate to milk ratio of 1:2.5. Half the cows on each forage were fed 7000 IU d−1 of dL-α-tocopherol acetate top-dressed on the concentrate in two feedings per day over a 4-wk period. Cows consuming the alfalfa silage had higher (P < 0.05) plasma vitamin E content, but there were no differences in milk vitamin E or flavor due to forage type. Supplementing the diets with vitamin E resulted in higher (P < 0.01) vitamin E content of plasma and milk and improved milk oxidative stability. There was an interaction (P = 0.03) between forage type and vitamin E supplementation for oxidative flavor score in week 2. Supplementing the corn silage diet with 7000 IU d−1 of vitamin E resulted in almost complete elimination of oxidized flavor in milk within 1 wk of starting supplementation. However, supplementing the alfalfa silage diet had no effect on flavor over the first 3 wk of feeding. It is apparent that the vitamin E content of milk is not the sole determinant of its oxidative stability. Key words: Spontaneous oxidation, flavor, milk, vitamin E, alfalfa, corn silage, cow

scholarly journals Effect of vitamin E intake from food and supplement sources on plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations in a healthy Irish adult population

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (9) ◽  
pp. 1575-1585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Frank J. Monahan ◽  
Breige A. McNulty ◽  
Mike J. Gibney ◽  
Eileen R. Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E

Vitamin E is believed to play a preventive role in diseases associated with oxidative stress. The aims of the present study were to quantify vitamin E intake levels and plasma concentrations and to assess dietary vitamin E adequacy in Irish adults. Intake data from the National Adult Nutrition Survey were used; plasma samples were obtained from a representative cohort of survey participants. Plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations were measured by HPLC. The main sources of vitamin E in the diet were ‘butter, spreadable fats and oils’ and ‘vegetables and vegetable dishes’. When vitamin E intake from supplements was taken into account, supplements were found to be the main contributor, making a contribution of 29·2 % to vitamin E intake in the total population. Supplement consumers had significantly higher plasma α-tocopherol concentrations and lower plasma γ-tocopherol concentrations when compared with non-consumers. Consumers of ‘vitamin E’ supplements had significantly higher vitamin E intake levels and plasma α-tocopherol concentrations compared with consumers of other types of supplements, such as multivitamin and fish oil. Comparison with the Institute of Medicine Estimated Average Requirement of 12 mg/d indicated that when vitamin E intake from food and supplement sources was taken into account, 100 % of the study participants achieved the recommended intake levels. When vitamin E intake from food sources was taken into account, only 68·4 % of the females were found to achieve the recommended intake levels compared with 99·2 % of the males. The results of the present study show that dietary vitamin E intake has a significant effect on plasma α- and γ-tocopherol concentrations. Furthermore, they show that the consumption of supplements is a major contributor to overall intake and has a significant effect on plasma vitamin E concentrations in the Irish population.

The early anaemia of the premature infant: is there a place for vitamin E supplementation?

1986 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Conway ◽  
I Rawson ◽  
P. R. F. Dear ◽  
S. E. Shires ◽  
J. Kelleher
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Premature Infant ◽  
Premature Baby ◽  
Oral Feeding ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E ◽  
Sufficient Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

1. The efficacy of oral vitamin E supplementation in preventing the early anaemia of the premature infant was assessed in a 10-week double-blind trial. Forty-two babies received either a placebo or 5 or 15 mg supplementary vitamin E/d with oral feeding. No infant received less than the recommended vitamin E:polyunsaturated fatty acid (E:PUFA) value of 0.6. No iron supplement was given.2. Weekly full blood counts were taken, and plasma vitamin E assay and in vitro haemolysis tests performed on blood sampled on day 1, and also at 6 and 10 weeks of age. All blood withdrawn and transfused and all feeds were documented.3. Thirty-six (86%) of the babies had a plasma vitamin E level at birth below the accepted adult norm, i.e. < 5200 μg/l. At 6 weeks of age thirty-three (79%) and at 10 weeks thirty-five (83%) of the babies had levels within the normal adult range. No baby showed either clinical or haematological evidence of a vitamin E deficiency state during the trial.4. It is concluded that in the absence of Fe supplementation and observing the minimum recommended E:PUFA value, contemporary feeding practices allow for the absorption of sufficient vitamin E by the premature baby to prevent the development of an early haemolytic anaemia.5. No significant relation was found between plasma vitamin E levels and the degree of peroxide haemolysis.

Retrolental Fibroplasia and Vitamin E in the Preterm Infant—Comparison of Oral Versus Intramuscular:Oral Administration

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-249
Author(s):  
Helen M. Hittner ◽  
Michael E. Speer ◽  
Arnold J. Rudolph ◽  
Cindy Blifeld ◽  
Prabhujeet Chadda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Oral Vitamin ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Retrolental Fibroplasia ◽  
Intramuscular Injections ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

To evaluate the efficacy of four early intramuscular injections of vitamin E given in addition to continuous minimal oral vitamin E supplementation, 168 very low-birth-weight infants (≤1,500 g) have enrolled in a randomized, double-masked, clinical study. All infants received vitamin E orally, 100 mg/kg/d. In addition, on days 1, 2, 4, and 6, seventy-nine infants received vitamin E intramuscularly, 15, 10, 10, and 10 mg/kg, respectively. On the same days, 89 control infants received placebo intramuscular injections. Multivariate analysis of the 135 infants who survived ≥10 weeks showed no significant difference in the development of severe retrolental fibroplasia between these two supplementation schedules (P = .86). Plasma vitamin E levels never exceeded a mean of 3.3 mg/100 mL, and no toxicity was observed. Ultrastructural analyses of seven pairs of whole eye donations from infants receiving IM vitamin E demonstrated identical kinetics of gap junction formation between adjacent spindle cells as compared with 13 pairs of whole eye donations from control infants (P &gt; .3). Therefore, oral vitamin E supplementation affords retinal protection against the development of severe retrolental fibroplasia when initiated on the first day of life and maintained continuously until retinal vascularization is complete.

Improved oxidative stability of veal lipids and cholesterol through dietary vitamin E supplementation

Meat Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicki J. Engeseth ◽  
J. Ian Gray ◽  
Alden M. Booren ◽  
Ali Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Dietary vitamin C supplementation and plasma vitamin E levels in humans

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (11) ◽  
pp. 2394-2395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Keith ◽  
Barbara M. Chrisley ◽  
Judy A. Driskell
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Vitamin C Supplementation ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E

scholarly journals Biochemical and Clinical Effects of Vitamin E Supplementation in Hungarian Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome Patients

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1228
Author(s):  
Katalin Koczok ◽  
László Horváth ◽  
Zeljka Korade ◽  
Zoltán András Mezei ◽  
Gabriella P. Szabó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Opitz Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome (SLOS) is a severe monogenic disorder resulting in low cholesterol and high 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) levels. 7-DHC-derived oxysterols likely contribute to disease pathophysiology, and thus antioxidant treatment might be beneficial because of high oxidative stress. In a three-year prospective study, we investigated the effects of vitamin E supplementation in six SLOS patients already receiving dietary cholesterol treatment. Plasma vitamin A and E concentrations were determined by the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method. At baseline, plasma 7-DHC, 8-dehydrocholesterol (8-DHC) and cholesterol levels were determined by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. The clinical effect of the supplementation was assessed by performing structured parental interviews. At baseline, patients were characterized by low or low–normal plasma vitamin E concentrations (7.19–15.68 μmol/L), while vitamin A concentrations were found to be normal or high (1.26–2.68 μmol/L). Vitamin E supplementation resulted in correction or significant elevation of plasma vitamin E concentration in all patients. We observed reduced aggression, self-injury, irritability, hyperactivity, attention deficit, repetitive behavior, sleep disturbance, skin photosensitivity and/or eczema in 3/6 patients, with notable individual variability. Clinical response to therapy was associated with a low baseline 7-DHC + 8-DHC/cholesterol ratio (0.2–0.4). We suggest that determination of vitamin E status is important in SLOS patients. Supplementation of vitamin E should be considered and might be beneficial.

scholarly journals Vitamin E Supplementation Enhances Lipid Oxidative Stability via Increasing Vitamin E Retention, Rather Than Gene Expression of MAPK-Nrf2 Signaling Pathway in Muscles of Broilers

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Shugeng Wu ◽  
Hongyuan Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Thigh Muscles ◽  
Nrf2 Signaling Pathway ◽  
Vitamin E Supplementation

Dietary vitamin E (VE) supplementation is a method to produce VE-enriched meat and improve meat lipid oxidative stability. We aimed to study the effect of the VE supplementation duration on meat lipid oxidative stability, VE retention, and antioxidant enzymes’ activity, and explore its relationship with the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)-nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway in broilers slaughtered after electrical stunning. A total of 240 male 18-day-old Arbor Acres Plus broilers were distributed to four treatments, with six replicates in each treatment, and ten broilers per replicate. Broilers were fed with a basal diet (no supplementation of VE) or VE diet (200 IU/kg VE, DL-α- tocopherol) for one (W1), two (W2), or three (W3) weeks before electrical stunning (130 mA, 60 Hz, for 1s) and slaughter. The VE retention was positively and linearly affected (p < 0.01) by the VE feeding duration at one to three weeks before slaughter, and negatively (all p < 0.01) related to the thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) content in both breast and thigh muscles at d 0, d 2, and d 6 postmortem. The VE retention was negatively (p < 0.05) related to the gene expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinases 1 (JNK1) and 2 (JNK2), Nrf2 in breast muscles, and JNK1 and p38 MAPK in thigh muscles. In conclusion, dietary vitamin E supplementation at 200 IU/kg for three weeks before electrical stunning and slaughter improved lipid oxidative stability via increasing VE retention, rather than the regulation by gene expression of the MAPK-Nrf2 signaling pathway in skeletal muscles of broilers.

scholarly journals Glutathione peroxidase activity and erythrocyte stability in calves differing in selenium and vitamin E status

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Siddons ◽  
C. F. Mills
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Plasma Vitamin ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Bull Calves ◽  
Plasma Vitamin E ◽  
Erythrocyte Stability ◽  
Vitamin E Status

1. Glutathione peroxidase activity (EC1.11.1.9) and erythrocyte stability were measured in Friesian bull calves which were given for 36 weeks semi-purified diets either adequate or low in selenium or vitamin E or both.2. Dietary Se or vitamin E content had no effect on growth rate and haematological vaiues. None of the calves exhibited clinical deficiency symptoms and serum aspartate amino transferase (EC 2.6.1.1) and creatine phosphokinase (EC 2.7.3.2) activities remained normal. Heart and skeletal muscles of all calves appeared macroscopically and microscopically normal at autopsy.3. Glutathione peroxidase activity in plasma, blood and other tissues, except the testis, was significantly lower in calves receiving low dietary Se but was independent of dietary vitamin E content.4. Plasma vitamin E levels decreased rapidly and to very low levels in calves given low vitamin E diets irrespective of the Se content of the diet.5. A low dietary vitamin E intake increased the susceptibility of erythrocytes to auto- and peroxidative haemolysis whereas a low Se intake in the presence of adequate vitamin E did not. However, erythrocytes from calves receiving low Se and low vitamin E were more susceptible to peroxidative haemolysis than erythrocytes from calves receiving low vitamin E and adequate Se. The effect of dietary vitamin E content on osmotic haemolysis induced by hypotonic saline was variable.6. The results suggest that measurement of blood glutathione peroxidase activity and the susceptibility of erythrocytes to auto- or peroxidative haemolysis could be used for the differential diagnosis of subclinical Se and vitamin E deficiency in ruminants.

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