COMPARISON OF COPPER SULFATE AND COPPER PROTEINATE AS COPPER SOURCES FOR COPPER-DEPLETED STEERS FED HIGH MOLYBDENUM DIETS

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-904 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. WITTENBERG ◽  
R. J. BOILA ◽  
M. A. SHARIFF
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
High Ratio ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Copper Supplementation

Copper (Cu) depleted steers were used to compare copper sulfate and copper proteinate as Cu sources for cattle consuming high molybdenum diets. Two experiments utilizing corn silage and barley concentrate diets with 10 mg added Mo kg−1 DM were undertaken. Experiment A was a 105-d study in which an 83:17 ratio of silage to concentrate was fed, whereas, experiment B was an 84-d study comparing the same Cu treatments for cattle fed a 26:74 (Low) or a 64:36 (High) ratio of silage to concentrate. Cu treatments for both experiments were: no supplemental Cu (0Cu); a dietary supplement of 10 mg Cu kg−1 DM added as copper sulfate (CuSO); and a dietary supplement of 10 mg Cu kg−1 DM added as copper proteinate (CuPro). Both Cu supplements improved (P < 0.05) concentrations of Cu in plasma for both experiments and improved (P < 0.05) concentration of Cu in liver for experiment B. Copper supplementation (P < 0.05) reduced plasma Mo concentrations in experiment A relative to animals receiving no supplemental Cu. Both Cu sources resulted in reduced rumen fluid soluble Mo concentrations. Steers in experiment A had lower initial liver and plasma Cu concentrations than was observed for experiment B. Average daily gains for steers consuming CuPro were 16.8% greater (P < 0.05) than for 0Cu with CuSO being intermediate for experiment A. Results indicate that the bioavailability of Cu from Cu proteinate is similar to that of copper sulfate in-Cu depleted steers consuming diets containing excess Mo. Key words: Cattle, copper sulfate, copper proteinate, copper, molybdenum

FLOW AND SOLUBLE PROPORTIONS OF ZINC, MANGANESE, COPPER AND IRON IN THE GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF SHEEP FED CORN OR ALFALFA SILAGES

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. IVAN ◽  
D. M. VEIRA ◽  
M. IHNAT
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Terminal Ileum ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Alfalfa Silage

A set of four sheep, each fitted with a rumen cannula and a re-entrant cannula in the ascending duodenum and terminal ileum, were used for collection of rumen, duodenal and ileal digesta. A second set of four normal sheep was used for collection of feces and urine. The sheep were fed corn silage, urea-added corn silage, formic acid-treated alfalfa silage or wilted alfalfa silage in latin square design. Soluble proportions of manganese in rumen fluid, ileal digesta and feces were much lower on alfalfa silages than on corn silages although the soluble proportions in the duodenal digesta were not different. The soluble proportions of zinc, copper and iron were not as consistent as those of manganese. The apparent absorption of zinc was negative on alfalfa silages, and was associated with the lower soluble proportion of zinc in duodenal digesta and higher in the ileal digesta, as compared to corn silages. The apparent absorption of iron was much higher on corn silages than on alfalfa silages. Addition of urea to corn at ensiling resulted in an improvement of apparent absorption of copper. Key words: Trace elements, solubility, absorption, corn silage, alfalfa silage, sheep

SUPPLEMENTARY COPPER FOR GROWING CATTLE CONSUMING DIETS HIGH IN MOLYBDENUM OR MOLYBDENUM PLUS SULFUR

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 1143-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. WITTENBERG ◽  
R. J. BOILA
Keyword(s):  
Copper Oxide ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Ceruloplasmin Activity ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty-eight Cu-depleted beef steers were used in a 105-d growing trial to compare four methods of Cu supplementation. Corn silage-barley concentrate diets were supplemented to contain 10 mg kg−1 dry matter (DM) Mo, and 1.3 (low S) or 3.7 (high S) g kg−1 total S. Copper treatments within low and high S diets were: (1) no supplemental Cu (0Cu); (2) a dietary supplement of 10 mg kg−1 DM Cu in the complete feed, added as CuSO4∙5H2O to the concentrate (CuSO4); (3) 20 g copper oxide needles (CuON) orally dosed on day 0; and (4) injectable Cu (ICu) on day 0. Although average daily gain was not different (P > 0.05) among Cu treatments, DM intake was lower (P < 0.05) with CuSO4 and CuON than with 0Cu or ICu. Feed efficiency (FE; feed:gain ratio) was better (P < 0.05) with CuSO4 (FE = 5.60) than 0Cu (FE = 6.88), while CuON (FE = 6.04) and ICu (FE = 6.16) FE were intermediate to 0Cu and CuSO4. Increasing dietary S from 1.3 to 3.7 mg kg−1 DM resulted in lower (P < 0.01) concentrations of Cu and Mo in liver and plasma, and plasma ceruloplasmin activity. An improvement of FE with CuSO4 was related to increased Cu and lower Mo concentrations in the plasma and liver of steers. With ICu there was some indication of an improvement of Cu status. With CuON, measured parameters were indicative of a metabolic Cu insufficiency, but with a lower concentration of Mo in plasma. At the levels of supplementation used in this trial, CuSO4 was a better Cu supplement than CuON or ICu for cattle consuming diets containing excess Mo or Mo plus S. Key words: Cattle, molybdenum, sulfur, copper sulfate, copper oxide needles, injectable copper

scholarly journals DAY-TO-DAY VARIATIONS IN FAT PERCENT OF COW'S MILK

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-734 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. ATWAL ◽  
J. D. ERFLE
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Milk Fat Depression ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
Daily Milk

Large day-to-day variations in milk fat, particularly for the morning milkings, were observed in 36 Holstein cows. Changes in percent fat were gradual and produced wavelike patterns in a number of instances. Supplemental feeding of long hay had no effect on acetate/propionate ratio in rumen fluid, daily milk yield or weighted milk fat percentage. Key words: Dairy cows, milk, fat depression, hay

scholarly journals Pengaruh Indeks Sinkronisasi dalam Rumen pada Ransum Berbasis Bagase terhadap Produksi VFA Rumen pada Domba

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novi Eka Wati
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Trial Period ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Synchronization Index

The aim of the research was to study the effects of synchronization index in the sugarcane bagasse based ration on acetate, propionate and butirate production of sheep. Two permanent cannulated male local sheep was 2 years old for sampling rumens fluids. They were feed a complete feed based on bagasse with a level of synchrony index 0,37; 0,50; 0,63 were design isoprotein and isoenergy. Each experimental diet was offered to each sheep three times randomly for 7 days, with 7 days interval between feeding period of each experimental diet. About 10 ml of rumen fluid sample were collected before feeding and 3 hour after feeding at the 7th day of each feeding trial period. The alteration of synchronization indexs did not affect acetate, propionate, butirate and ratio acetate/propionate (C2/C3) in rumen before feeding and 3 hour after feeding. Key words : acetate, butirat, propionate, synchrony index

scholarly journals PSVI-42 Effect of increasing concentrations of aflatoxins (AFB1) on rumen gas production (GP), dry matter (DM) disappearance and fermentation parameters using the in vitro ANKOM gas technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Marden ◽  
Virginie Marquis ◽  
Kheira Hadjeba Medjdoub ◽  
Marine Lacombe
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
Cheese Cloth

Abstract Aflatoxins are secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species known to be the most prevalent contaminants in feedstuffs. In ruminants, contaminated AFB1 feeds usually exhibit symptoms including reduced feed efficiency and milk production and decreased appetite. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of AFB1 on rumen fermentation parameters by using the ANKOM gas production protocol. Rumen fluid was collected from a cannulated dry dairy cow, filtered with cheese-cloth and diluted (1:1) with a standard buffer. Triplicates of 75 mL flasks were fed 0,75g of feed (79% corn silage, 15% alfalfa and 6% concentrates) and inoculated with 0 (blank), 0,2, 0,5, 1 and 2 ppm of AFB1. Flasks were placed in a rotating incubation at 39°C for 96h and connected to ANKOM GP system. After 96h of incubation, the contents of each flask were centrifuged. Supernatants were analyzed for total VFA and AFB1 while precipitates were dried at 104°C for DM disappearance. The experimentation was repeated weekly 3 times and named wk1, 2 and 3. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS using a univariate model. Results showed no significant differences on GP max at 96h among AFB1 concentrations. Only wk 1 showed that higher AFB1 concentration (2 ppm) decreased significantly (P &lt; 0,05) DM disappearance (- 8,2 pts) when compared to the blank. Total VFA contents (75,0 ± 1,6 mM) were not affected by AFB1. Wk 2 and 3 did not show any difference neither on DM disappearance nor on VFA (89,1 ± 1,6 mM; 110,2 ± 4,8 mM). It can be concluded that our in vitro model, GP did not reflect DM disappearance and it can be put forward that rumen fluid with low total VFA concentrations (≤ 75 mM) could be more sensible to AFB1 challenge.

LIVER DISTRIBUTION OF COPPER AND 99Mo IN SHEEP FOLLOWING INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION OF COPPER SULFATE AND [99Mo]-TETRATHIOMOLYBDATE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 563-565
Author(s):  
C. A. KELLKHER ◽  
M. IVAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Subcellular Distribution ◽  
Subcellular Fractionation ◽  
Intravenous Dose ◽  
Single Intravenous Dose ◽  
Lysosomal Fraction ◽  
Liver Homogenates

The effect of a single intravenous dose of 0, 50 or 100 g molybdenum (Mo) as [99Mo] labelled sodium tetrathiomolybdate (Na2MoS4) on the subcellular distribution of copper (Cu) in the liver was studied in three groups of four sheep. The sheep received a 35-mg intravenous dose of Cu 20 h prior, and were killed 24 h after the dosing with Mo. Subcellular fractionation of liver homogenates revealed that [Formula: see text] may react with Cu in the nuclear (lysosomal) fraction. Key words: Sheep, copper, molybdenum, tetrathiomolybdate, liver fractions

Effect of live-yeast culture and lasalocid supplementation on performance of growing–finishing steers fed alfalfa-silage, corn-silage and high-grain diets sequentially

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 563-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Mir ◽  
Z. Mir
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Carcass Quality ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Key Words Yeast ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Alfalfa Silage ◽  
Live Yeast

Trials were conducted to determine the effect of supplementing feedlot diets with live-yeast culture (YC), lasalocid (LAS) or YC + LAS on intake, growth and carcass characteristics of steers. Dietary additives in either 96% corn-silage or 75% dry-rolled barley-based diets increased (P < 0.05) final weights and carcass weights of steers. Key words: Yeast, lasalocid, steers, carcass quality, growth

DUODENAL FLOW AND SOLUBLE PROPORTIONS OF ZINC, MANGANESE, COPPER AND IRON IN THE RUMEN FLUID AND DUODENAL DIGESTA OF FAUNATED AND DEFAUNATED SHEEP

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 979-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. IVAN ◽  
D. M. VEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Trace Metal ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Metal Metabolism ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa ◽  
Manganese Copper

Measurements of soluble proportions in the rumen fluid and duodenal digesta and flow into the small intestine of zinc, manganese, copper and iron were carried out in defaunated and faunated sheep. There was no significant (P > 0.05) effect of the defaunation on any measurements. It was concluded that ciliate protozoa do not have a critical role in trace metal metabolism in the rumen of sheep. Key words: Defaunation, sheep, trace elements, solubility

RESPONSE OF LACTATING DAIRY COWS TO FORMALDEHYDE-TREATED SOYBEAN MEAL WHEN FED WITH CONTROL OR UREA-TREATED CORN SILAGE

1986 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. ERFLE ◽  
F. D. SAUER ◽  
S. MAHADEVAN ◽  
R. M. TEATHER
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Corn Silage

In two experiments, lactating cows (26 in exp. 1; 32 in exp. 2) were fed an 11.3% crude protein (CP) diet, a 14.7% CP diet containing untreated soybean meal (SBM) or a 14.6% CP diet containing formaldehyde-treated SBM (FSBM), all three fed as a complete blended diet with control corn silage (CCS) (exp. 1); a 12% CP diet, a 13.4% CP diet containing SBM or a 13.3% CP diet containing FSBM, all fed as a complete blended diet with urea-treated corn silage (UCS) (exp. 2). In both experiments concentrates and CCS or UCS were mixed (50:50 dry matter) daily and fed ad lib for a 16-wk period. The increase of CP over the low CP negative control by addition of untreated SBM resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in milk production in both experiments. The addition of FSBM had no significant effect. When comparing solids-corrected milk (SCM), addition of SBM, whether treated or not, significantly increased SCM in both experiments. In neither experiment did FSBM improve milk production over untreated SBM. All animals fed CCS lost body weight but there was no difference between treatments. For animals fed UCS the low CP group lost significantly (P < 0.05) more body weight than did the group fed FSBM. Dry matter (DM) intake was significantly (P < 0.05) lower for the FSBM fed group than for the group fed untreated SBM in exp. 1 (CCS). DM intake was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by either FSBM or SBM over the low CP control fed UCS. Milk protein was the only component significantly (P < 0.05) decreased by FSBM in exp. 1. Isobutyric and isovaleric acids were significantly (P < 0.05) lower in rumen fluid of animals on FSBM plus CCS. Rumen microbial protein content seemed to be more adversely affected by FSBM with CCS than UCS. Amino acid content of FSBM and SBM demonstrated that lysine and tyrosine were lost from SBM after treatment with formaldehyde. The lack of a response in milk production to FSBM is discussed in terms of a lysine and tyrosine deficiency for milk protein synthesis and the adverse effect that formaldehyde protection of SBM may have on the rumen microbial population. Key words: Lactation, dairy cows, urea, corn silage, soybean meal, formaldehyde treatment

The effects of ruminal protozoa on selenium status in sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1265-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. de S. Dayrell ◽  
M. Ivan ◽  
M. Hidiroglou
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Selenium Concentration ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Kidney Cortex ◽  
Selenium Status ◽  
Plasma Selenium

Fauna-free and faunated Canadian Arcott rams (21 and 23, respectively) were fed a corn silage diet supplemented with soybean meal for 110 d. Ruminal protozoa had no effect (P > 0.05) on plasma selenium concentrations but decreased the selenium concentration in the kidney cortex (P < 0.01), liver (P < 0.05), and spleen (P < 0.01). Key words: Sheep, selenium, Protozoa

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