EFFECT OF DIGESTIBLE CARBOHYDRATES ON THE APPARENT ABSORPTION OF MAGNESIUM BY WETHER LAMBS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 219-220
Author(s):  
J. K. THOMPSON ◽  
A. L. GELMAN ◽  
C. S. JESSIMAN
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Apparent Absorption ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Consistent Increase ◽  
Forage Diets

The apparent absorption of magnesium was found to increase with increasing intakes of digestible organic matter in young wether lambs fed on a variety of forage diets. The addition of corn starch to either grass or grass silage diets did not, however, give a consistent increase in magnesium absorption. Key words: Sheep, Magnesium, energy

THE EFFECT OF THE ADDITIVE "SILOGEN" ON THE INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF GRASS SILAGE

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-715 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
G. C. L. PENNELLS ◽  
J. A. SHELFORD
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Aspergillus Oryzae ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Feeding Trial ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Silage Additives

A silage additive (Silogen) consisting of a dried culture of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Aspergillus oryzae was tested in a feeding trial with lactating cows and a digestibility trial with sheep, as a means of improving the conservation of nutrients during the ensiling of an orchardgrass-white clover forage. The additive did not influence the composition of the effluent nor the silage with the exception that ADIN/N was 5.4% for the treated compared to 9.0% for the control silage. Lactating cows consumed significantly (P < 0.05) less of the treated silage (10.70 vs. 12.95 kg DM/day) but produced the same amount of milk (25.2 vs. 25.0 kg/day) as the cows fed the control silage, indicative of a greater efficiency of utilization. The silage treated with the additive had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) digestibility of organic matter, acid detergent fiber and nitrogen compared to the control silage. It was concluded that the additive was effective in preserving a greater proportion of forage nutrients for utilization by the lactating cow. Key words: Silage additives, intake, digestibility, lactating cows, sheep

scholarly journals The nutritive value of silages Digestion of organic matter, gross energy and carbohydrate constituents in the rumen and intestines of sheep receiving diets of grass silage or grass silage and barley

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Thomas ◽  
N. C. Kelly ◽  
D. G. Chamberlain ◽  
M. K. Wait
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Propionic Acid ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Molar Proportion ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Voluntary Intake

Two experiments were conducted to study the digestion of organic matter, gross energy and carbohydrate constituents in the rumen, small intestine and caecum and colon of sheep given grass silage diets. Three silages made from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) with formic acid as an additive were used. One was made from first-harvest grass in the spring and the others from regrowth grass cut from a single sward in either early autumn or late autumn. Expt I involved a comparison between the spring silage given alone or supplemented with barley (silage:barley, 4:I dry matter (DM) basis). Expt 2 involved a comparison between the early-cut and late-cut autumn silages.In Expt I, supplementation of the silage with barley resulted in a non-significant (P > 0.05) reduction in the proportion of digestible energy (DE) and digestible organic matter digested in the rumen and an increase in the proportions digested in the small intestine. There were also pronounced effects of barley on ruminal cellulolysis and the proportion of digestible cellulose broken down in the rumen was reduced (P < 0.05) from 0.90 to 0.77. There was an increased passage of α-linked glucose polymers to the duodenum but even with the supplemented diet 0.91 of the dietary polymers were digested in the rumen. The molar proportion of propionic acid in the rumen tended to be reduced and there were increases in the proportions of butyric acid (P < 0.01) and acetic acid.In Expt 2, the digestibility of organic matter, gross energy and cellulose in the early-cut silage was higher (P < 0.01) than in the late-cut silage but there were no significant (P < 0.05) differences between silages in the sites of digestion of these constituents. However, the molar proportion of acetic acid in the rumen was higher (P < 0.01) and the molar proportion of propionic acid was lower (P < 0.01) with the late-cut silage than with the early-cut silage.The results are discussed in relation to the voluntary intake and utilization of high-digestibility silages.

Effect of degradability of protein supplements on voluntary intake and nitrogen retention in young cattle fed grass silage

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Gill ◽  
P. England
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Gross Energy

ABSTRACTGrass silage was offered ad libitum to twelve 4-month-old British Friesian steers in an incomplete Latin-square experiment. The silage was given either alone or supplemented isonitrogenously with 50 g fish meal or 63 g groundnut meal per kg silage dry matter.Both protein supplements significantly increased the intakes of dry matter and organic matter by an amount about equivalent to the (calculated) contribution of the supplement (P < 0·05); they also increased the intakes of digestible organic matter and nitrogen (P < 0·001) but with no significant difference between supplements. Protein supplementation had no effect on the intake of indigestible organic matter.The digestibility coefficients of dry matter and of organic matter were significantly increased by supplementation (P < 0·05) as were the digestibility coefficients of gross energy and of nitrogen (P < 0·001). Nitrogen retention was also increased from 1·4 to 8·2 g/day (P < 0·001), with no significant difference between supplements.

A note on supplements for dairy cows offered silage of high digestibility

1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Castle ◽  
W. C. Retter ◽  
J. D. Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
The Mean

SUMMARYGrass silage with a dry-matter content of 20·7%, and containing 18·9% crude protein and 67·0% digestible organic matter in the dry matter was self-fed to 20 lactating dairy cows for 18 weeks. In addition, 9 kg of brewers' grains with a dry-matter content of 28·8% was offered to each cow daily. The two supplement treatments were a barley mix and a groundnut cube containing 11·9 and 33·5% crude protein in the dry matter respectively. The barley was given at the rate of 4 kg/10 kg milk, and the groundnut at 1·5 kg/10 kg milk. The mean daily yields of milk were 18·9 and 19·4 kg/cow on the barley and groundnut treatments respectively and did not differ significantly.

scholarly journals Sulphur as a nutrient for Merino sheep

1973 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Langlands ◽  
H. A. M. Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Dietary Requirements ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Forage Diets

1. Faecal and urinary sulphur excretions of Merino sheep given fifty-one forage diets were measured in 205 balance experiments to derive estimates of the dietary requirements of Merino sheep for S.2. Faecal S excretion varied with the S, organic matter and digestible organic matter intakes. Non-dietary faecal S excretion was estimated by regression analysis and was approximately 0·7 g S/kg organic-matter intake. Apparent S digestibility declined linearly with the reciprocal of dietary S content, and was predicted to be zero when the dietary S content was 0·81 g S/kg organic matter.3. Both urinary S excretion and S retention varied with the digestible S and digestible organic-matter intakes. Endogenous urinary S excretion was taken to be the urinary S excretion when digestible S intake was zero, and the sheep was at zero energy balance. It was estimated by regression analysis to be 38 mg S/d.4. The S and digestible S intakes necessary to maintain the fleece-free tissues in S equilibrium can be calculated from the equations derived in this study. An example is presented.

scholarly journals The effect of ammoniation on the nutritive value of tall wheatgrass

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 867-870
Author(s):  
R. D. H. Cohen ◽  
K. A. Cruise ◽  
J. A. Kernan ◽  
E. C. Coxworth ◽  
J. E. Knipfel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Tall Wheatgrass ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Digestible Crude Protein

Tall wheatgrass (TWG, Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauvois) was harvested at anthesis, ammoniated, fed to sheep and its nutritive value was compared with that of nonammoniated TWG. Ammoniation increased organic matter digestibility (OMD) from 59.2 to 65.9% (SEM = 1.45; P < 0.001), acid detergent fibre digestibility (ADFD) from 53.2 to 63.4% (SEM = 2.14; P < 0.001), neutral detergent fibre digestibility (NDFD) from 55.2 to 69.3% (SEM = 2.90; P < 0.001), digestible organic matter (DOMI) from 25.8 to 44.3 g kg−0.75 d−1 (SEM = 3.90; P < 0.001) and digestible crude protein intake (DCPI) from 1.33 to 5.97 g kg−0.75 d−1 (SEM = 0.97; P < 0.001). Key words: Tall wheatgrass, ammoniation, intake, digestibility, fibre, sheep

scholarly journals Need for protein supplementation in the diet of growing dairy bulls fed total mixed ration based on moderate digestible grass silage and barley

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. HUUSKONEN ◽  
H. KHALILI ◽  
E. JOKI-TOKOLA
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Barley Protein

The objective of the present experiment was to study the need for the protein supplementation in the diet of growing dairy bulls (initial live weight 272 ± 28.5 kg and final live weight 666 ± 31.2 kg, on average) fed total mixed ration based on moderate digestible grass silage and barley. The experiment comprised 24 Finnish Ayrshire bulls and 8 Holstein-Friesian bulls and included four treatments. The control diet (C) consisted of moderate digestible (653 g digestible organic matter in dry matter (DM) grass silage (450 g kg-1 DM), barley grain (275) and barley fibre (275) without protein supplementation. Three isonitrogenous experimental diets included also extra protein, i.e. (1) rapeseed meal (RSM) (supplementation 530 g DM per animal day-1), (2) wet distillers’ solubles (WDS) (600 g) and (3) a mixture of barley protein (90% of fresh weight) and wet distillers’ solubles (10) (BPWDS) (480 g). In all isonitrogenous diets the crude protein content of concentrate increased from 137 to 150 g kg-1 DM (9%) compared with the C diet. All bulls were fed total mixed ration ad libitum. The energy content of all diets was 11.6 MJ kg-1 DM. The live weight gain of the bulls tended to be higher with the BPWDS diet than with the C diet (C 1214 vs. BPWDS 1301 g d-1; p = 0.10), but the treatments had no significant effect on carcass gain, feed conversion or slaughter parameters. Only the BPWDS diet differed significantly from the C diet in DM (C 9.69 vs. BPWDS 10.38 kg DM d-1; p < 0.01) and energy intake (C 112.4 vs. BPWDS 120.3 MJ d-1; p < 0.05). The apparent organic matter digestibility (OMD) was 5% higher in the BPWDS diet than in the C diet (p < 0.001), but the RSM and WDS diets did not differ from the C diet in OMD. The results indicate that the supply of protein in dairy bulls is most probably adequate with moderate digestible, well-preserved grass silage and barley-based concentrates when intake of digestible organic matter is high enough to support microbial protein synthesis in the rumen.;

Post-weaning excretion of purine derivatives by young calves

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Funaba ◽  
K. Kagiyama ◽  
T. Iriki ◽  
M. Abe
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Nitrogen Supply ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Purine Derivative ◽  
Microbial Nitrogen ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter

Intestinal flow of MN was estimated from urinary purine derivative output in calves. Although estimated MN output (g d−1) increased with age, it was restricted to the period between weeks 6 and 11 after weaning when expressed as g d−1 kg−0.75. The estimated MN output to digestible organic matter ratio decreased with time after weaning, although the cubic contrast indicated to be highest on wks 1 and 11. Key words: Microbial nitrogen supply, purine derivatives, growing calves

The feeding value of mixtures of alkali-treated straw and grass silage

1975 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Terry ◽  
M. C. Spooner ◽  
D. F. Osbourn
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Alkaline Ph ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Acid Ph ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Ad Libitum

SUMMARYThe digestibility and intake by sheep of a neutral mixture of alkali-treated straw and grass silage was compared with an all-silage diet, mixtures of treated straw and silage adjusted to pH of 4 and 10 and with mixtures of untreated straw and silage. Treatment of the straw with alkali increased the digestibility of the organic matter from 46% to 68%. The daily intake of dry matter and digestible organic matter of the neutral, treated-straw/silage mixture was 24·1 and 15·0 compared with 14·7 and 8·8 g/kg live weight for the untreated straw/silage mixture. The sheep when fed ad libitum ate more of the neutral mixture than they did of the mixtures made acid (pH 4·0) and alkaline (pH 10·0) or of the grass silage although the differences were not significant. Calves were fed similar diets of grass silage, a neutral mixture of treated straw and silage and treated straw and grass silage offered without premixing. The calves offered the neutral mixture ate 16·0% more dry matter and 14·5% more organic matter than did the calves offered either silage alone or the unmixed diet and gained live weight at the rate of 0·42 kg/head/day compared with 0·44 for the silage alone and 0·37 for the unmixed diet.

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