POTENTIAL ALTERNATIVES TO LAMB MILK REPLACER FOR THE ARTIFICIAL REARING OF LAMBS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1135-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Spray Dried ◽  
General Appearance

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the relative performance of artificially reared lambs fed four types of liquid diets: (1) lamb milk replacer (LMR) with 24% protein from spray-dried milk products and 24% fat in the dry powder; (2) high quality calf milk replacer (CMR) with 20% protein from spray-dried milk products and 20% fat; (3) fresh cow milk (CM); or (4) equal proportions of LMR and CM (LMR:CM). Average daily gains of lambs fed CMR or CM were lower by 16% and 12%, respectively, and weaning weights were lower by 10% and 5%, respectively, than those of lambs fed LMR. Gains and weaning weights of lambs fed LMR:CM were identical to those fed LMR. Lamb survival was marginally lower among CMR- and CM-fed lambs compared with those fed LMR. There were no observable differences among any of the feeding regimens in the general appearance, thriftiness or well-being of the lambs. The results indicate that, with good management, satisfactory lamb performance under artificial rearing can be achieved with high quality CMR or CM and that under practical conditions lower feed costs could offset the marginal reduction in lamb performance. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing

EFFECTS OF SOYFLOUR IN MILK REPLACER ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIALLY REARED LAMBS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 757-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Protein ◽  
Protein S ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Ingredient Cost

Two artificial rearing experiments were conducted to evaluate both preweaning and postweaning performance of artificially reared lambs, ad libitum fed a milk replacer having one-third of the milk protein replaced by soyflour protein (S) compared with those fed MR with all the protein provided by milk products (M). From weaning at 21 d of age to 91 d of age all the lambs were fed the same high-concentrate diet. In the first experiment there were no significant differences in lamb weights, daily gains, postweaning feed conversion or lamb survival. In the second experiment there were lower (P < 0.05) postweaning daily gains, lower (P < 0.05) 91-d weights and higher (P < 0.05) postweaning feed conversion (2.69 vs. 2.52 kg feed kg−1 gain) for S lambs compared with M lambs, although there were no significant differences due to MR treatment for weaning weights, preweaning daily gains or lamb survival. In both experiments the S lambs consumed slightly more MR than M lambs. Using prices prevailing at the time of the study the lower ingredient cost of the soyflour resulted in a saving in MR cost of $1.45 per lamb weaned. In the second experiment, the lower MR cost would have been partially offset by the approximately 1 kg extra liveweight per lamb at 91 d of age. It was concluded that soyflour could contribute one-third of the total protein in MR for ad libitum fed, artificially reared lambs with little, if any, reduction in lamb performance. However, savings in feed costs resulting from the cheaper ingredient cost might be partially offset by lower postweaning lamb gains. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, milk replacer, soy protein

PERFORMANCE OF YOUNG LAMBS FED A CLOTTING OR A NON-CLOTTING MILK REPLACER

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 993-996
Author(s):  
JOCELYNE DELISLE ◽  
HÉLÈNE V. PETIT ◽  
FRANCINE GIGUÈRE
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Milk Replacers

Sixteen male lambs weighing 2.8 – 5.8 kg and 3–5 d old were fed for 5 wk a clotting milk replacer with or without an oxalate-NaOH buffer known to prevent curd formation in the abomasum. Milk replacers were fed ad libitum at room temperature using formalin (0.1% vol vol−1) as preservative. Dry matter intake and average daily gains were the same (P > 0.05) for both the clotting and the nonclotting milk replacers. Digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, and lipids was also similar (P > 0.05) for both treatments. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, milk replacer, clotting, coagulation, digestibility

RAPESEED OIL VERSUS COCONUT OIL AS A SOURCE OF FAT FOR LAMB MILK REPLACERS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 1241-1243 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Lamb Survival ◽  
Milk Replacers

Artificially reared lambs were weaned from milk replacer (MR) at 21 days of age. Weaning weights and average daily gains were significantly (P < 0.01) depressed (7.6 and 18%, respectively) for lambs fed MR containing 12% rapeseed oil and 12% tallow compared with those fed a standard MR containing 12% coconut oil and 12% tallow. Lamb survival and MR dry matter consumption were similar for lambs fed the two diets. The results indicate that, under practical conditions, the use of rapeseed oil to provide half of the fat in lamb milk replacers causes a reduction in the performance of lambs artificially reared from birth. Key words: Artificial rearing, lambs, rapeseed oil

scholarly journals Goat Keeping and Goat Milk Products in Human Nutrition - Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Tünde Csapóné Riskó ◽  
Zsolt Csapó
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Human Nutrition ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Wide Range

The aim of this paper is to review the status quo and future perspective of goat keeping and goat milk products, particularly emphasising the role of goat milk products in human nutrition. Across the globe, goats can be kept almost anywhere, even in poor surroundings. Considering the deteriorating geographical conditions due e.g. to global warming, the importance of goat and goat products will probably further increase. Goats can play an important role in the nutrition of the continuously increasing human population. The wool, meat and milk of goats are all valuable products. Goats are able to provide high quality products under diverse climate conditions and in extreme environments. Globally, more people drink jmilk from goats than from any other animal. Due to the components and profile of goat milk, it can be processed and a wide range of high quality and healthy value added products can be produced from it. Goat milk plays a decisive role in feeding starving and malnourished people in developing countries. In developed countries, a significant segment of many populations suffers from gastro-intestinal disorders and cow milk allergy. Goat milk plays an important role in the treatment of certain health problems. Moreover, due to its favourable effects on human health, goat milk has found a niche for itself in the trend towards healthy nutrition in developed countries, where connoisseur consumers are ensuring goat milk products a growing market share. In these countries, goat milk products, e. g. cheeses are also recognised as gastronomic and festive products. JEL Classification: Q13

POSTWEANING PERFORMANCE OF ARTIFICIALLY REARED LAMBS WEANED AT 21 VS. 28 DAYS OF AGE UNDER TWO POSTWEANING HOUSING REGIMENS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY ◽  
J. N. B. SHRESTHA ◽  
H. F. PETERS
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Milk Replacer ◽  
Minor Importance ◽  
Artificial Rearing ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
A Minor ◽  
The Cost

Lambs that had been artificially reared on either lamb milk replacer or calf milk replacer were weaned at 21 or 28 days of age. At weaning, lambs from each milk replacer were randomly assigned to two treatments: (1) transferred on the day weaned to a growing barn, and (2) retained in their liquid-diet pens to 49 days of age, then transferred. Delaying weaning from 21 to 28 days of age essentially eliminated the postweaning growth check for lambs artificially reared on lamb milk replacer and reduced the postweaning growth check for those reared on calf milk replacer. However, the resulting increase in liveweight at 70 days of age was not sufficient to offset the cost of the milk replacer required for the extra week on liquid diet. Postweaning location had only a minor and inconsistent effect on lamb performance indicating that, when facilities are satisfactory, postweaning location is of minor importance for artificially reared lambs. Key words: Lambs, artificial rearing, weaning age, postweaning location

Compensatory Coping Through the Extension of Working Hours

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maie Stein ◽  
Sylvie Vincent-Höper ◽  
Nicole Deci ◽  
Sabine Gregersen ◽  
Albert Nienhaus
Keyword(s):  
Job Demands ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Workplace Health ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Abstract. To advance knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the relationship between leadership and employees’ well-being, this study examines leaders’ effects on their employees’ compensatory coping efforts. Using an extension of the job demands–resources model, we propose that high-quality leader–member exchange (LMX) allows employees to cope with high job demands without increasing their effort expenditure through the extension of working hours. Data analyses ( N = 356) revealed that LMX buffers the effect of quantitative demands on the extension of working hours such that the indirect effect of quantitative demands on emotional exhaustion is only significant at low and average levels of LMX. This study indicates that integrating leadership with employees’ coping efforts into a unifying model contributes to understanding how leadership is related to employees’ well-being. The notion that leaders can affect their employees’ use of compensatory coping efforts that detract from well-being offers promising approaches to the promotion of workplace health.

scholarly journals Determining the psychometric properties of a novel questionnaire to measure “preparedness for the future” (Prep FQ)

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daren K. Heyland ◽  
J. Paige Pope ◽  
Xuran Jiang ◽  
Andrew G. Day
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Well Being ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Future ◽  
Quality Of Death ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background People are living longer than ever before. However, with living longer comes increased problems that negatively impact on quality of life and the quality of death. Tools are needed to help individuals assess whether they are practicing the best attitudes and behaviors that are associated with a future long life, high quality of life, high quality of death and a satisfying post-death legacy. The purpose of paper is to describe the process we used to develop a novel questionnaire (“Preparedness for the Future Questionnaire™ or Prep FQ”) and to define its psychometric properties. Methods Using a multi-step development procedure, items were generated, for the new questionnaire after which the psychometric properties were tested with a heterogeneous sample of 502 Canadians. Using an online polling panel, respondents were asked to complete demographic questions as well as the Prep-FQ, Global Rating of Life Satisfaction, the Keyes Psychological Well-Being scale and the Short-Form 12. Results The final version of the questionnaire contains 34 items in 8 distinct domains (“Medico-legal”, “Social”, “Psychological Well-being”, “Planning”, “Enrichment”, “Positive Health Behaviors”, “Negative Health Behaviors”, and “Late-life Planning”). We observed minimum missing data and good usage of all response options. The average overall Prep FQ score is 51.2 (SD = 13.3). The Cronbach alphas assessing internal reliability for the Prep FQ domains ranged from 0.33 to 0.88. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) used to assess the test–retest reliability had an overall score of 0.87. For the purposes of establishing construct validity, all the pre-specified relationships between Prep FQ and the other questionnaires were met. Conclusion Analyses of this novel measure offered support for its face validity, construct validity, test–retest reliability, and internal consistency. With the development of this useful and valid scale, future research can utilize this measure to engage people in the process of comprehensively assessing and improving their state of preparedness for the future, tracking their progress along the way. Ultimately, this program of research aims to improve the quality and quantity of peoples live by helping them ‘think ahead’ and ‘plan ahead’ on the aspects of their daily life that matter to their future.

Reduction of immunoreactivity and improvement of the nutritional qualities in cow milk products by enzymatic hydrolysis

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 111994
Author(s):  
Xiaona Liang ◽  
Jiao Cheng ◽  
Jing Sun ◽  
Mei Yang ◽  
Xue Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Nutritional Qualities

Mandatory Reporting and Adolescent Sexual Assault

2021 ◽  
pp. 152483802110302
Author(s):  
Caroline Bailey ◽  
Jessica Shaw ◽  
Abril Harris
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mandatory Reporting ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
The Impact

Adolescents experience alarmingly high rates of sexual violence, higher than any other age-group. This is concerning as sexual violence can have detrimental effects on teens’ personal and relational well-being, causing long-term consequences for the survivor. Still, adolescents are hesitant to report the assault or seek out services and resources. When an adolescent survivor does seek out services, they may interact with a provider who is a mandatory reporter. This scoping review sought to synthesize the current U.S.-based research on the role, challenges, and impact of mandatory reporting (MR) in the context of adolescent sexual assault. Database searches using key words related to MR, sexual assault, and adolescence identified 29 peer-reviewed articles. However, none of these articles reported on empirical investigations of the phenomenon of interest and instead consisted of case studies, commentaries, and position papers. The scoping review was expanded to provide a lay of the land of what we know about the intersection of adolescent sexual assault and MR. Results of the review indicate that though implemented broadly, MR policies vary between individuals, organizations, and states and have historically been challenging to implement due to this variation, conflicts with other laws, tension between these policies and providers’ values, and other factors. Based on the available literature, the impact of MR in the context of adolescent sexual assault is unknown. There is a critical need for research and evaluation on the implementation and impact of MR policies, especially in the context of adolescents and sexual violence.

Research of pneumatic conveyor for overloading of fuel pellets

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-96
Author(s):  
N. Spodyniuk ◽  
◽  
L. Horbachenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fuel Pellets ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
Loading And Unloading

The constant development of the country's agricultural sector allows the production of biofuels, such as fuel pellets, from agricultural waste - straw, corn and sunflower husks. However, the transportation of fuel pellets is quite energy consuming. The process of loading and unloading, transportation over long distances requires complex mechanized equipment. The use of a pneumatic conveyor for grain reloading will allow to provide high-quality transportation of fuel pellets. The aim of the article was to investigate the operation of the pneumatic conveyor for overloading fuel pellets, to determine the optimal indicators that affect the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor. Since fuel pellets, as raw materials, are structurally similar to cereals, a study of the pneumatic grain conveyor PTZ-25 was conducted. The dependence of the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor on the lifting height h, m and the length of the pipelines L, m was obtained. The obtained results showed that by reducing the length of the pipelines by four times and the lifting height by half, the productivity of the pneumatic conveyor will increase by 1.15 times. Key words: fuel pellets, pneumatic conveyor, productivity

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