EFFECT OF REARING AND ADULT FEED RESTRICTION AND PHOTOPERIOD REGIMENS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF FOUR MEAT PARENT CHICKEN GENOTYPES

1979 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Commercial Chicken ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Egg Fertility ◽  
Feeding Systems

Two experiments were conducted each involving 2600 birds consisting of four commercial, chicken broiler, parent genotypes. The first experiment was designed to compare full feeding with two rearing feed restriction systems and two photoperiod treatments (1) a constant 14-h daylength and (2) a "17–9–14-h daylength." In experiment 2, adult full feeding was compared with two levels of feed intake restriction and the 17–9–14-h daylength used in experiment 1 was compared with a "simulated natural daylength." The rearing period skip-a-day feeding systems resulted in reduced body weight, delayed sexual maturity, heavier initial egg weight, increased number of hatching eggs, higher fertility, higher hatchability of total eggs set and more broiler chicks compared with full-fed birds. Controlled skip-a-day feeding resulted in reduced body weights, increased egg production, higher egg fertility, higher hatchability and more broiler chickens compared with ad libitum skip-a-day feeding. Body weights were lower with adult feed restriction than with full feeding. The more severe level of feed restriction resulted in fewer eggs produced and reduced egg weights. Restricted-fed birds produced more broiler chicks. There was some evidence that not all genotypes responded to these feeding systems in the same manner. Performance of the 17–9–14-h photoperiod birds was equal or superior to that of birds under either the constant 14-h daylength or the photoperiod with an increasing daylength during the rearing period.

scholarly journals The melanocortin circuit in obese and lean strains of chicks

2006 ◽  
Vol 190 (2) ◽  
pp. 527-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Hen ◽  
Sara Yosefi ◽  
Victoria Simchaev ◽  
Dmitry Shinder ◽  
Victor J Hruby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Wing Vein ◽  
Pomc Mrna ◽  
Ad Libitum

Agonists of membranal melanocortin 3 and 4 receptors (MC3/4Rs) are known to take part in the complex control mechanism of energy balance. In this study, we compared the physiological response to an exogenous MC3/4R agonist and the hypothalamic expression of proopic melanocortin (POMC) gene, encoding few MC3/4R ligands, between broiler and layer chicken strains. These strains, representing the two most prominent commercial strains of chickens grown for meat (broilers) and egg production (layers), differ in their food intake, fat accumulation, and reproductive performance and, therefore, form a good model of obese and lean phenotypes, respectively. A single i.v. injection of the synthetic peptide melanotan-II (MT-II; 1 mg/kg body weight) into the wing vein of feed-restricted birds led to attenuation of food intake upon exposure to feeding ad libitum in both broiler and layer chickens. A study of the POMC mRNA encoding the two prominent natural MC3/4R agonists, α-MSH and ACTH, also revealed a general similarity between the strains. Under feeding conditions ad libitum, POMC mRNA levels were highly similar in chicks of both strains and this level was significantly reduced upon feed restriction. However, POMC mRNA down-regulation upon feed restriction was more pronounced in layers than in broilers. These results suggest: (i) a role for MC3/4R agonists in the control of appetite; (ii) that the physiological differences between broilers and layers are not related to unresponsiveness of broiler chickens to the satiety signal of MC3/4R ligands. Therefore, these findings suggest that artificial activation of this circuit in broiler chicks could help to accommodate with their agricultural shortcomings of overeating, fattening, and impaired reproduction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of commercially available aroA delated gene E. coli O78 vaccine in commercial broiler chickens under Middle East simulating field conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein M. Galal ◽  
M. I. Abdrabou ◽  
Ahmed H. I. Faraag ◽  
C. K. Mah ◽  
Azza M. Tawfek
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Antibiotics Use ◽  
Commercial Broiler ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe broiler industry in the Middle East (ME) faces many challenges related to bacterial infections, including M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae, E. coli, and other gram-negative bacteria, exacerbated by various errors in the brooding process. Antibiotics use in the first three days of life, such as Linco-Spectin 100 SP, tilmicosin, enrofloxacin, tylosin, colistin, and doxycycline, is the trend in the market to control such challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the newly introduced aroA E. coli vaccine (Poulvac E. coli) and its ability to reduce over-reliance on the heavy use of antibiotics in the ME. The study was conducted on 160 broiler chicks, divided into eight even groups. Each group was treated differently in terms of antibiotic therapy and ages at the time of Poulvac E. coli administration and the challenge of virulent avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC), serotype O78. Spray application of Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age plus Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days provided the best results for zero mortality after challenge with APEC, while Poulvac E. coli at seven days with enrofloxacin during the early three days resulted in 10% mortality. Poulvac E. coli hatchery vaccination protected birds against mortality but reduced body weight gain compared to the 7-day group vaccinated with Linco-Spectin 100 SP during the first three days. Poulvac E. coli given on day one or day seven did not affect the immune response to concurrent respiratory viral vaccines and, in some cases, improved response. This study shows that Poulvac E. coli at seven days of age, together with Linco-Spectin 100 during the first three days, has produced the best results in terms of protection and performance in the ME high presence of avian pathogenic E. coli field challenge.

Effect Of L-Thyroxin Hormone (T4) On Compensatory Growth In Broiler Chicks

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 84-84
Author(s):  
A. Hassanabadi ◽  
A. golian
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Specific Dynamic Action ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Fat Pad ◽  
Heat Increment ◽  
Maintenance Requirements

Purpose of researches in feed restriction area is improvement of feed efficiency, decrease of carcass fat content and abdominal fat pad size (Plavnik and Hurvitz,1991).Birds after early life feed restriction have less maintenance requirements due to decrease of heat increment and decrease of basal metabolic rate and specific dynamic action of food (Forsum et al.,1981).In many investigations, compensatory growth have not observed (Summers et al.,1990).It seems administration of Thyroid hormone after feed restriction can induce compensatory growth. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of early feed restriction and L-Thyroxin administration after early feed restriction on compensatory growth in broiler chickens.

THE EFFECT OF TOE CLIPPING AND REDUCED FEEDING TIME ON THE PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 971-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Body Weights

An experiment involving 2000 broiler chickens grown to 49 days was designed to measure the performance of birds subjected to detoeing and restricting feeding time to 16 h per day commencing at 21, 28, 35 and 42 days. No beneficial effects resulted from detoeing. Body weights were reduced for males at 21, 28, 35, 42 and 49 days; however, these differences were significant (P < 0.05) only at 21, 28 and 35 days. Female body weights were reduced (P < 0.01) only at 21 days. Detoeing had no significant effect (P = 0.05) on carcass grades, mortality, or monetary returns. Although feed conversion up to 21 days tended to be enhanced, this advantage did not persist to 49 days. Reducing feeding time to 16 h/day had no significant (P = 0.05) effect on mortality, body weights, feed conversion, percent Grade A carcasses or monetary returns. Key words: Broiler chickens, toe clipping, feed restriction, feed denial

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF FEED RESTRICTION AT THE STARTER PHASE ON PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
M Tion ◽  
M. T. Orga ◽  
I. A. Adeka
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Ad Libitum

Two hundred and twenty five day old straight run broiler chicks were utilized in completely randomized design to test the effect of restricting feed intake of four groups of chicks to 92.5% 85.0%, 77.5% and 70.0% of the unrestricted (control) group in the starter phase and following adlibitum feeding for all groups in the finisher phase. The treatments were simply designated as A, B, C, D and E. The starter phase in which the restriction was carried out lasted 28 days and the finisher phase 42 days. Parameters evaluated during the starter and finisher phases included; growth rate, feed conversion ration and mortality rate. Results show gain in weight among all groups while the group fed diet B and the control had comparable weight gain at the starter phase. The percentage weight difference between the control and each of the other dietary groups was: 4.4%, 8.4%, 8.6% and 10.4% for the treatments B, C, D and E respectively. Feed gain ration improved as the level of restriction became stricter. Following ad-libitum feeding of all grops at the finisher phase, the feed restricted groups at the starter phase voraciously increased their feed intake, thus, producing comparable performance values with the unrestricted (control) group in weight gain in the 8th week of the study. Although birds in all groups averaged more than 2000g final live weight in 10weeks, significant differences exist between groups that were fed diets C, D, and E that were restricted at the starter phase, an indication that complete compensatory growth was not obtainable. Feed gain ration improved for restricted groups. Mortality rate did not show any trend attributable to levels of feed restriction. This study shows that broiler chicks fed restricted levels of balanced diet at the starter phase but later fed ad-libitum at the finisher phase could attain a finished weight of about 2000g or more at a market age of 10 weeks (70 days) with an improvement in feed gain ration.

Effect of the commercial product Lumance™, a combination of partly esterified organic acids and plant extracts, on the productive performance of broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M.A. Taha ◽  
H. Zakaria ◽  
M. Jalal ◽  
S. Bauwens
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Commercial Product ◽  
Acid Mixture ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Experimental Treatments

SummaryThe present study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary supplementation of organic acids combined with synergistic components, using a commercial product Lumance™ (Innovad NV, Belgium) containing esterified butyrins, propionic acid and sorbic acid, with medium chain fatty acids (capric, caprylic, and lauric acid) and plant extracts, on the productive performance and mortality of growing broiler chickens. A total of 492, one day old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly allocated to four experimental treatments either with an unsupplemented control or 0.05, 0.1 or 0.15% organic acid mixture in a pelleted corn/soyabean meal diet, which were offered ad libitum until 35 days of age. Results showed that birds in the 0.1% supplemented diet group gave significantly higher (P < 0.05) body weights during the first two weeks of age and increased weight gain during the first three weeks of age. The inclusion had no effect on broiler mortality.

INFLUENCE OF AN IMPROVED HATCHING-EGG STORAGE METHOD ON THE SUBSEQUENT PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Subsequent Performance ◽  
Storage Method ◽  
Egg Storage ◽  
Fumigation Chamber ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Conventional Manner

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of two different hatching-egg storage environments on the subsequent performance of broiler chickens. The two environments involved: (1) an improved egg storage method consisting of eggs packed small endup on fiber trays, enclosed in vinylidene (Cryovac) bags flushed with nitrogen gas; and (2) eggs packed in the conventional manner small end-down on fiber trays. The effects of preincubation fumigation was also evaluated. A 20-min fumigation was conducted prior to packing the eggs using 1.5 ml formalin and 1 g potassium permanganate per 0.028 m3 of fumigation chamber. Fumigated eggs were ventilated 24 hr before packaging. The improved storage method resulted in the higher hatchability of broiler chicks, lower mortality, higher growth rate, and higher monetary returns to 8 weeks of age compared with chicks hatched from eggs stored under conventional conditions. There were no significant differences in the performance of chicks hatched from eggs stored for 23 and 30 days under the improved storage method and chickens hatched from eggs held only 2 days prior to incubation. Fumigation effects on subsequent bird performance appeared to have no important effect. It is concluded that deleterious effects on chick performance associated with the prolonged storage of hatching eggs under conventional methods can be reduced or eliminated by using improved egg storage methods.

EFFECTS OF AGE AT PHOTOPERIOD CHANGE AND DIETARY PROTEIN ON PERFORMANCES OF FOUR DWARF MATERNAL MEAT PARENT GENOTYPES AND THEIR BROILER CHICKEN PROGENY

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Protein ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Male Mortality ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Normal Males ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A factorial experiment was conducted with 3030 chickens of four maternal dwarf genotypes mated with normal males to estimate the effects of age at a photoperiod change from 8 to 12 h (daily) at 140 or 154 days, and two levels of dietary protein (15 or 17%) on general performance, incidence of Fatty Liver Syndrome and monetary returns. Three of the four maternal genotypes performed similarly for most traits measured but one genotype exhibited better feed efficency of egg production, produced more eggs and, although the eggs were smaller resulted in the highest monetary returns. Delaying the increase in photoperiod change retarded sexual maturity and reduced egg weight at 203 days and egg specific gravity at 406 days. The 17% protein diet improved egg production (including hatching eggs), feed efficiency of egg production, egg weights; and female body weights at 154 and 446 days of age were also heavier. Dietary protein levels had no effect on mortality (P > 0.05). Mean monetary returns from the sale of table eggs, hatching eggs and salvage meat in excess of the costs of day-old breeder stock and feed, averaged $1.07 more per bird fed the 17% diet. The progeny test revealed significant differences among genotypes for male mortality, male and female body weights, and feed conversion; however, monetary returns over feed and chick cost were similar. The time of change in photoperiod and dietary treatments had no significant effect on the overall performance of broiler progeny but there was a genotype × parental diet interaction for 43 day female body weights. Key words: Dwarfs, meat breeders, hens, broilers, photoperiods, diets

EFFECTS OF DIETARY ASPIRIN (ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID) ON THE INCIDENCE OF SUDDEN DEATH SYNDROME AND THE GENERAL PERFORMANCE OF BROILER CHICKENS

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. PROUDFOOT ◽  
H. W. HULAN
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Sudden Death ◽  
Deleterious Effect ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Sudden Death Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Overall Mortality

A total of 2400 broiler chickens were used in four experiments to estimate the effects of using 0.04, 0.08 and 0.16% aspirin (ASA) as dietary supplements. Not only did the ASA dietary supplementation have no significant (P < 0.05) beneficial effect on the incidence of sudden death syndrome but it also had a deleterious effect on overall mortality which was significant (P < 0.01) in two of the four experiments. Furthermore, the addition of ASA at 0.16% to the diet resulted in reduced body weights which were significant at P < 0.05 in two experiments and at P < 0.10 in the other two experiments. Key words: Aspirin, sudden death syndrome, broiler chickens, growth rate

Effect of feed form, formulation, and restriction on the performance of laying hens

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. A. Scott ◽  
F. G. Silversides ◽  
D. Tietge ◽  
M. L. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Feed Form

A laying trial was performed with 1440 DeKalb® hens caged at 18 wk of age to test the effect of feed form (expanded pellets or mash) and type of formulation (for crude protein [CP] or for specific amino acids[AA]), and five levels of feed restriction applied at either 24 wk or 32 wk of age. Formulation for CP rather than AA content resulted in 4.4% greater egg production and 7.1% greater production of egg mass in hens fed mash and 4.0% better feed efficiency in hens fed both mash and pellets. Hens fed mash had 2.3% higher feed consumption, suggesting that the hens may prefer mash. Feed restriction reduced body weight and hen–day egg production proportionate to the restriction level, but egg weight was reduced only slightly. These data suggest that care should be exercised in formulating for AA content rather than for CP, especially if feed intake is reduced. This strain of hens was very successful at regulating its feed intake for maximum production, and even a slight feed restriction produced a negative effect on production. Key words: Laying hens, feed restriction, feed form, feed formulation, protein level

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document