EFFECT OF STEAM PELLETING ON THE PERFORMANCE OF HENS FED VARIOUS LAYING DIETS

1968 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. Pepper ◽  
J. D. Summers ◽  
S. J. Slinger ◽  
G. C. Ashton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Production Type ◽  
Body Weights

Egg production-type pullets were fed either corn–soybean meal, wheat–soybean meal, or corn–soy rations containing 15 or 30% of wheat bran or shorts. All diets were fed both in the form of mash and as steamed crumbles. Steam treatment of the corn–soy diet resulted in egg production that was poorer than with a similar diet fed in mash form, and also inferior to that with most of the other experimental rations. In an overall comparison, the mash diets resulted in significantly more eggs per bird than did the steam-crumbled rations.In general, birds fed crumbled rations consumed more feed and gained more weight than those fed mash rations. The increase in energy consumption with the crumbled feed was apparently in excess of requirements and was consequently laid down as fat in the body, as suggested by the increased body weights. It seems evident that the energy content of diets for caged layers should be lower when crumbled feed is provided than when mash is used.The wheat-shorts diets fed in the form of mash resulted in higher production than did the bran diets fed in mash form. However, when these diets were fed as steamed crumbles there was no signficant difference between the shorts and bran rations.

Concentrations of glucose, albumin, inorganic phosphate and sodium in the blood of beef calves at 2 ½ months of age and their relationships with subsequent weight gain

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Rowlands
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Depression ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Body Weights

SummaryBlood samples were taken at 9, 10 and 11 weeks of age from 230 male Hereford × Friesian calves, the progeny of 12 Hereford bulls. Concentrations of blood glucose, serum albumin, inorganic phosphate and sodium were measured and correlated with body weights and growth rates until slaughter at 19½ months of age.Correlations between growth rates and glucose concentrations (0·44) and between growth rates and albumin concentrations (0·38) were observed until 4 months of age. Similar correlations between body weights and blood glucose or albumin concentrations persisted until 6 months of age. By 10 months, however, the correlations had begun to decline, and by slaughter they had become insignificant.Correlations between growth rates and inorganic phosphate or sodium concentrations were smaller, and also decreased with age.The effect of hypoglycaemia on growth rate was compared with the effect of enzootic pneumonia. Although the 10% of calves with the lowest glucose concentrations were growing 24% more slowly than the other calves at the time of sampling, this growth depression was not related to pneumonia, and they subsequently made up for most of the early loss of growth.Three blood samples were also taken from 22 Hereford bulls. No significant correlations were observed between the blood composition of the bulls and the body weights or weight gains of their progeny.

A note on the effect of weaning age on lamb production

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
M. A. Sharafeldin ◽  
I. A. Ramadan
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rates ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Better Than

SUMMARYAt birth, the Barki lambs used in this experiment were randomly allocated to three groups which numbered 133, 126 and 154 lambs of both sexes weaned at the ages of 10 weeks (Group I), 12 weeks (Group II) and 16 weeks (Group III) respectively.The most pronounced differences between the three groups of lambs in their body weights took place at the age from 4 to 6 months. Group II lambs performed as well as or even slightly better than the other two groups, which leads to the conclusion that as far as the body weight of lambs is concerned there is no need to extend their suckling period more than 12 weeks.The three groups of lambs varied little in their mortality rates from 2·5 to 12 months of age.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Bahan Pakan Fermentasi Campuran Dedak Padi, Dedak Jagung, dan Bungkil Kedelai terhadap Produksi Telur Ayam Ras Petelur

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Nadia ◽  
Herawati Latif ◽  
Zulfan Zulfan
Keyword(s):  
Rice Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Heavy Weight ◽  
Commercial Diet ◽  
Corn Bran ◽  
Body Weights

Abstrak : Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh  penggunaan bahan pakan fermentasi yang tersusun dari dedak padi, dedak jagung, dan bungkil kedelai dengan ukuran bobot badan awal berbeda terhadap  produksi telur ayam ras petelur.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium Lapangan Peternakan (LLP),  Program Studi Peternakan,  Fakultas Pertanian,  Universitas Syiah Kuala tanggal 13 Februari‒14 April 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan 48 ekor ayam ras petelur (layer), strain Isa Brown.    Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RAL  Faktorial) pola  3x2.   Faktor A merupakan perlakuan pemberian pakan fermentasi berbasis dedak padi + dedak jagung + bungkil kedelai  dengan level 0% (A1),  15% (A2), dan 30% (A3).  Faktor B merupakan perlakuan ukuran bobot badan awal ayam  yang terdiri dari bobot badan awal sedang (B1) dan berat (B2).   Tiap kombinasi perlakuan terdiri dari empat  ulangan yang  merupakan unit percobaan  yang masing-masing terdiri dari dua ekor ayam ras petelur.   Hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa bahan pakan fermentasi berbasis dedak padi + dedak jagung + bungkil kedelai  dedak padi  dapat digunakan sampai 30% untuk mensubsitusi ransum komersil selama bulan pertama periode produksi telur tanpa berpengaruh buruk terhadap produksi telur (HDP), berat telur, dan massa telur  ayam ras,  baik yang berukuran berat badan awal berat maupun sedang.Effect of Inclusion of Feed FermentationComposed of Rice Bran, Corn Bran, and Soybean Meal on Egg Production of Laying HensAbstrac: The objective of  present study was to determine effect of inclusion of fermentation feed constituted of 40% rice bran + 40% corn bran+ 20% soybean meal as partial substitution of commercial diet  to egg production of  laying hens.   As many as 48 pullets were used in this study.  The study was performed into 3x2 factorial completely randomized design.  The 1th factor was the inclusion of fermentation feed as partial substitution of commercial diets with the level of 0, 15, and 30%, respectively. The 2nd factor was the initial body weights of pullets classified into medium and heavy weight. Replication was an experimental unit consisted of 3 birds. The results of study showed that fermentation feed based on rice bran + corn bran+soybean meal could be used up to 30% to  substitute of commercial diet without adverse effect on egg production  of  laying hens  either  medium  or heavy weight. There was no interaction between fermentation feed and initial body weights of hens.     The objective of  present study was to determine effect of inclusion of fermentation feed constituted of 40% rice bran + 40% corn bran+ 20% soybean meal as partial substitution of commercial diet  to egg production of  laying hens.   As many as 48 pullets were used in this study.  The study was performed into 3x2 factorial completely randomized design.   The 1th factor was the inclusion of fermentation feed as partial substitution of commercial diets with the level of 0, 15, and 30%, respectively.  The 2nd factor was the initial body weights of pullets classified into medium and heavy weight.  Replication was an experimental unit consisted of 3 birds.  The results of study showed that fermentation feed based on rice bran + corn bran+soybean meal could be used up to 30% to  substitute of commercial diet without adverse effect on egg production  of  laying hens  either  medium  or heavy weight.  There was no interaction between fermentation feed and initial body weights of hens.  

scholarly journals Concentrates Made from Legume Seeds (Lupinus Angustifolius, Lupinus Luteus and Pisum Sativum) and Rapeseed Meal as Protein Sources in Laying Hen Diets

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rutkowski ◽  
Sebastian A. Kaczmarek ◽  
Marcin Hejdysz ◽  
Sebastian Nowaczewski ◽  
Dorota Jamroz
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lupinus Luteus ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Protein Concentrates ◽  
Legume Seeds

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the usefulness of two protein concentrates composed of rapeseed meal and new cultivars of narrow-leaved and yellow lupine, peas in laying hen diets and their influence on birds’ performance and egg characteristics. The experiment was conducted with 180 layers kept in individual cages. The birds were randomly assigned to three treatments, with 60 hens in each and during the period of 17 weeks, they were fed diets: I - containing soybean meal as a protein source, II - containing protein concentrates composed of mixture of lupines, peas (19.48% of diet) and rapeseed meal, III - containing protein concentrates composed of a mixture of lupines and peas (27.68% of diet). The body weight, laying rate, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and egg characteristics were registered. After 9 weeks of experiment, a decrease of laying rate was recorded in treatment III. The mean value of laying rate for 17 weeks amounted to 82.7 (I), 82.5 (II) and 75.9% (III) (P<0.01). The egg weight was diversified already after 4 weeks of egg production and averaged 57.9 (I), 55.9 (II) and 54.9 g (III) (P<0.05). Feed intake amounted to 108 (I), 111 (II) and 104 g per hen/day (III), and FCR was 2.05, 3.17 and 2.23 kg/kg egg weight, respectively. As to egg characteristics, increases of white index (P<0.05), Haugh unit score and yolk colour in treatment III were observed but egg shell thickness was found significantly reduced. In conclusion, the use of about 27.68% of legume seed in laying hen diet affected negatively performance results but about 19.48% of these seeds and 8% rapeseed meal in diets could be accepted as a soybean meal substitute.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy and net energy content of corn, wheat bran, soybean meal, fish meal and soybean oil for broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344
Author(s):  
Juan Moscoso-Muñoz ◽  
Oscar Gomez-Quispe ◽  
Victor Guevara-Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Net Energy

scholarly journals Body weight and morphometric traits of fulani ecotype chickens in South Western Nigeria are closely related

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
O. J. Ogunshola ◽  
S. A. Daramola ◽  
O. B. Omotoso ◽  
O. I. Baki ◽  
C. A. Chineke
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Accuracy Of Prediction

The native chickens constitute about 80 percent of the 120 million poultry birds found in Nigeriabut have not been adequately characterized. Thus, the study was undertaken to establish the relationship among body weight and morphometric traits of thirty six Fulani Ecotype chickens raised for 25 weeks. Body weights were collected per bird and the morphometric traits (body length, drumstick length, drumstick circumference, breast girth, nose to shoulder, shoulder to tail and height at withers) were measured with tape rule on weekly basis. The measured parameters were subjected to correlation and regression analyses. Analysis showed that positive and high significant correlation existed between body weight and morphometric traits (p< 0.01). The result showed that accuracy of prediction was attained with linear and quadratic models but quadratic model had theoretical advantage over the linearmodelwith respect to its goodness of fit to the data. This means that an increase in growth rate of the body parts would correspondingly cause an increase in live weight gain of the bird. In conclusion, body weight and morphometric traits could be used to separate males and females Fulani Ecotype chicken at 17 weeks old. At this age, males appeared bigger than the females and their combs were well pronounced, this would help both sexes to grow uniformly, prevent indiscriminate mating before attaining the age of sexual maturity and help in selection of Fulani Ecotype chicken for improvement in meat and egg production.

scholarly journals The Diet for Edible-Nest Swiftlets: Nutritional Composition and Cost of Life Stages of Megaselia scalaris Loew (Diptera: Phoridae) Bred on 3 Commercial Breeding Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 117954331882353
Author(s):  
Hamdan Ahmad ◽  
Song-Quan Ong ◽  
Eng Hua Tan
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Megaselia Scalaris ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
Commercial Breeding ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

Megaselia scalaris (Loew) is one of the best-known diets for the swiftlet. Previous studies have addressed the problem of some mass rearing conditions for this insect; unfortunately, the details of the nutritional composition of the life stages and cost of the breeding materials were insufficiently reported, even though this information is crucial for farming the edible-nest swiftlet. We aimed to investigate the nutritional composition of the life stages of M scalaris on a cost basis using 3 common commercial breeding materials: chicken pellets (CPs), fish pellets (FPs), and mouse pellets (MPs). Modified Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) proximate and mineral analyses were carried out on the insect’s third instar larvae, pupal, and adult stages to determine the nutritional composition. Regardless of the breeding materials, the adult stage of M scalaris had significantly higher crude protein than the other stages; the pupae were rich in calcium, which is required for egg production; and the third instar larvae had the highest amount of crude fat compared with the other stages. Regarding the energy content, there were no significant differences among the stages according to the breeding materials. In terms of nutritional cost, CP was the most economic breeding material and generated the highest amount of nutrients per US dollar (US $). Different life stages of M scalaris were used by the swiftlets by supplying the required nutrients, and future studies should focus on effective diet feeding methods.

Effects of Different Molting Procedures on Incidence of Salmonella Infection in Flocks of Naturally Contaminated Laying Hens in a Commercial Egg-Producing Farm by Detection of Yolk Antibodies to Salmonella in Eggs

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (12) ◽  
pp. 2883-2888 ◽  
Author(s):  
TOSHIYUKI MURASE ◽  
KAORI CHIBA ◽  
TOMOKO SATO ◽  
KOICHI OTSUKI ◽  
PETER S. HOLT
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
The Other ◽  
Feed Withdrawal ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Egg Yolks

Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been applied to detect immunoglobulin Y antibodies to different serotypes of Salmonella in the yolks of chicken eggs with heat-extracted antigens of Salmonella enterica serotypes Agona (SA), Cerro (SC), Enteritidis (SE), Montevideo (SM), and Putten (SP). The egg yolk samples examined were classified as positive if their ELISA absorbance values exceeded the value for eggs from specific-pathogen-free flocks by more than two standard deviations. Of 30 egg yolk samples from three flocks vaccinated with a killed SE vaccine, 29 were antibody positive by the ELISA assay for the SE antigen. Four to 29 of the 29 yolk samples showed positive results for the other serovars, although the absorbance values for SE were higher than those obtained for the other serotypes in each of the yolk samples. All 30 yolks from three flocks that were not administered any SE vaccines were found to be antibody negative for SE, and two samples were determined to be positive for SC. Thirty-nine or 40 eggs were obtained from each of four layer flocks in a commercial egg production farm where the laying houses were naturally contaminated with SA, SC, SM, SP, Salmonella serovar Infantis (SI), and untypeable strains. The ELISA absorbance values for SM in the egg yolks obtained from the two flocks molted through feed withdrawal when the birds restarted laying were significantly (P &lt; 0.05) higher than those observed in the yolks obtained before the molt. In egg yolks from the two other flocks that were molted through a wheat bran diet, there was no significant difference between the absorbance values before and after the molt. The observations in the present study provide further evidence to suggest that a molt initiated through the administration of a wheat bran diet can reduce the risk for Salmonella problems in a commercial egg-producing setting.

Body weights, carcass characteristics, fat content, and their relationships in ganders of the Selected Chinese and Synthetic strains, and Embden-sired strain crosses

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-461
Author(s):  
J. N. B. Shrestha ◽  
A. A. Grunder
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Similar Proportion ◽  
Chinese Strain ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Total Fat

In 1986, 247 ganders of the Selected Chinese and Selected Synthetic strains, and Large Embden and Small Embden- sired strain crosses at the Greenbelt farm of the Centre for Food and Animal Research in Ottawa, Canada, were evaluated. The Chinese and Synthetic (developed from the Pilgrim, Chinese and Hungarian) strains had been selected for four generations to increase egg production over a 24-wk laying period and body weight at 16 wk of age, and simultaneously decrease total fat content. Two Embden strains, Large and Small, denoting contrasting body sizes, had been imported from the United States of America for potential use in crossbreeding as terminal sire strains. Strains and strain crosses were ranked from high to low, for body weights at 9 and 16 wk of age, liveweight at slaughter and eviscerated carcass weight. Large Embden × Selected Chinese were largest followed by Small Embden × Selected Synthetic and Small Embden × Selected Chinese strain crosses, in turn followed by the Selected Chinese and Selected Synthetic strains. Small Embden-sired crosses were not significantly different except for body weight at 9 wk of age and eviscerated carcass weight. The Large Embden × Selected Chinese strain cross had a dressing percent of 63, significantly higher than 60–61% for the remaining strains or strain crosses. In general, the ranking of strains and strain crosses for liver weight was similar to rankings for body weights, except that the Small Embden-sired crosses were not significantly different from the Selected Chinese strain, and the Small and Large Embden-sired Selected Chinese crosses had similar liver weight. The Selected Synthetic strain had a significantly smaller neck than that of the other strains and strain crosses; Small Embden-sired crosses were not significantly different. Large Embden × Selected Chinese and Small Embden × Selected Synthetic strain crosses and the Selected Chinese strain had similar neck weight. When fat was expressed as a percentage of carcass weight, the strains and strain crosses had similar proportion of abdominal fat. On the other hand the Large Embden × Selected Chinese strain cross had significantly more intestinal fat (4.83%) than any of the strains and strain crosses (2.97 to 3.73%) and a similar proportion of total fat (10.87%) to the Small Embden × Selected Chinese strain cross (8.79%) but significantly more than the remaining strains and strain crosses (7.53 to 8.20%). The correlations of body weights at 9 and 16 wk of age with eviscerated carcass weight (0.65 and 0.90), abdominal fat weight (0.32 and 0.59), intestinal fat weight (0.27 and 0.55) and total fat weight (0.23 and 0.47) were deemed potentially useful. The correlations between percentage of fat parameters and body weights were low (0.20 a n d 0.37) or negligible. The inherent potential in the large-bodied Embden strain for growth can complement the small-bodied Selected Chinese strain that excels in egg production, fertility and hatchability to produce a strain cross with considerable promise for commercial production of goose meat. Key words: Chinese strain, Synthetic strain, Embden strain, body weights, abdominal and intestinal fat

scholarly journals HATCHABILITY OF EGGS AND PERFORMANCE OF SCWL AND BROILER BREEDER HENS FED SOYBEAN MEAL AND FABABEAN MEAL DIETS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
E. E. GARDINER ◽  
S. DUBETZ
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Breeder Hens ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Broiler Breeder Hens ◽  
And Performance

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of feeding fababean meal diets to laying hens. Body weight, feed consumption, egg production, egg weight, eggshell strength, and hatchability of eggs were the parameters recorded. In exp. 1, where two types of hens (Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) and broiler breeders) were maintained in floor pens, hens fed a diet containing fababean meal had lower final body weights, lower average egg weight, and lower percentage hatchability of eggs than those fed soybean meal. Feed utilization, egg production, and eggshell strength were not significantly affected by diets. In exp. 2, in which SCWL were maintained in cages, hens fed diets containing 29.75% fababean meal required more feed per dozen eggs, had lower egg weights and had lower percentage hatchability than hens fed diets containing 7.20% soybean meal. Body weights, feed per bird per day, egg production, and eggshell strength were not significantly affected by diets. Supplemental dietary lysine improved feed conversion and percent hatchability of eggs for hens fed the fababean diets. The combined number of early dead chicks and infertile eggs was higher for eggs from the hens fed fababean meal diets than those fed soybean meal diets.

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