Effects of production and marketing circumstances on economic values for beef production traits

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Koots ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Production System ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Mature Size

The effect of altering production and marketing circumstances on economic values is quantified for a complete beef production system. Absolute and relative economic values were found to vary substantially with large, but realistic fluctuations in prices and costs. In addition, several examples of different management and different genotypes gave markedly different economic values than in the base situation. Also investigated were the effects of rescaling the enterprise to accommodate three alternative limitations; fixed feed available from pasture, fixed dollars available for feed or fixed amount of beef produced. The effects of rescaling were highly dependent on whether or not fixed costs were accounted for. When fixed costs were ignored (corresponding to a small positive profit) the economic value for mature size decreased while that for fertility increased, but other traits were largely unaffected by rescaling. Overall, production circumstances that reduced survival and fertility yielded the largest changes to economic values. Key words: Economic values, beef cattle, rescaling

Economic values for beef production traits from a herd level bioeconomic model

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Koots ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Mature Size

A bioeconomic model of an integrated Canadian beef production system was developed to derive economic values for genetic improvement of multiple traits. The breeding objective was assumed to be profit maximization of the integrated enterprise. Sixteen input traits were identified as potentially influencing returns and costs in the system. These were mature size, direct and maternal calving ease (in heifers and cows separately), cow fertility, calf survival, cow survival, peak milk yield, residual post-weaning growth rate, residual feed intake in growing animals, residual feed intake in mature animals, residual slaughter weight and dressing percentage at constant backfat thickness, marbling and lean percentage. Most traits were defined to be functionally independent of each other. Thus, traits related to mature size were redefined as residual traits after accounting for the nonlinear relationships among mature size, growth and feed intake traits following mammalian size scaling rules. The base model, which incorporates average returns and costs under production and marketing systems typical of eastern Canada, is described. Economic values in the base model suggest that calf survival, fertility, residual feed intake, and dressing percentage are of primary economic importance in a purebreeding system. These traits also ranked highly in dam lines and (with the exception of fertility) in sire lines in terminal crossbreeding systems. Key words: Beef cattle, economic values, bioeconomic model

Calculating economic values for turkeys using a deterministic production model

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Wood
Keyword(s):  
Economic Model ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Breast Meat ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
High Fecundity ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Breeding Objectives

Modern poultry breeding has been successful in achieving significant gains in production due to high fecundity, relatively short generation interval (in comparison with other species) and, last, the application of scientific processes in genetic evaluation. The objective of this paper was to document the development of an economic model relevant to the integrated turkey industry and to use the model to describe appropriate breeding objectives by calculating economic values for important production traits. The industry was modelled from the multiplier breeder down through to the processor. Each level in the production chain used a unit of production such as a live poult produced, a carcass delivered at the processing plant or a processed unit of meat to scale between different production divisions. Growth rate, feed consumption and breast meat yield all had similar relative economic value, while the reproductive traits (egg production, fertility and hatchability) had similar economic values to each other, but were smaller in comparison with the commercial production traits. The model was sensitive to assumed costs, such as feed price and, also for assumed returns in the form of breast meat value, and, as a consequence, care must be taken in the assumed pricing structure when calculating economic values for turkey breeding.Key words: Economic model, economic value, turkeys, breeding objectives

Influence of beef production system on vitamin B12 concentrations in plasma and muscle

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. L. Girard ◽  
R. Berthiaume ◽  
L. Faucitano ◽  
C. Lafrenière
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin B12 ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Longissimus Dorsi ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Growth Promotants

Vitamin B12 concentrations in longissimus dorsi of steers were decreased by the addition of concentrate as compared with feeding with grass silage only, but this decrease was prevented by the use of growth promotants (Revalor® and Rumensin®; P = 0.06). Beef production systems can modify vitamin B12 concentrations in meat. Key words: Beef, plasma, muscle, vitamin B12

Determining the appropriate selection index for Rayeni Cashmere goat under pasture-based production system

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1595
Author(s):  
Najmeh Kargar Borzi ◽  
Ahmad Ayatollahi Mehrgardi ◽  
Masood Asadi Fozi ◽  
Mahmood Vatankhah
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Economic Weights ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Beneficial Traits

The aim of the present study was to identify the significance of Rayeni Cashmere goat’s socioeconomic traits so as to derive economic weights for the selection criteria that can be used easily by goat breeders. A deterministic bio-economic model was used to estimate economic value for adult bodyweight of doe (BWD), annual milk yield (MW), annual cashmere weight (CW), bodyweight of kids sold at 6.5 months (WK), and number of kids sold at 6.5 months per doe (NK). The relative importance of traits was determined on the basis of the estimated economic values, and, consequently, the most beneficial traits were applied to construct selection indices. Five selection indices with different herd sizes and buck ratios were proposed (I1–I5). The traits included in each index were as follows: BWD, MW, CW, WK and NK (I1); MW, CW, WK and NK (I2); BWD, MW, WK and NK (I3); BWD, MW and CW (I4); and BWD, CW, WK and NK (I5). Absolute economic values (US$) of BWD, MW, CW, WK and NK traits were $–0.870, $0.111, $5.660, $21.655 and $1.712 respectively. The results indicated that in all indices, the genetic and economic gains were elevated by an increased herd size and a decreased buck ratio. The maximum values of genetic and economic gains were obtained in herd size of 400 and buck ratio of 0.04. The highest genetic gain was obtained under Index 1, while the highest amount of economic gain was acquired under Index 2; however, the maximum accuracy of selection index was achieved under Index 1. The obtained results revealed that the most appropriate selection index for this breed is Index 1, which includes BWD, MW, CW, WK and NK. By applying Index 1, we could concurrently promote improvement of all traits, which highlights the potential of this index as a good promising strategy for developing selection criteria of Rayeni Cashmere goat under a pasture-based production system.

scholarly journals Evaluation of nitrogen fertiliser in a beef production system

1990 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
S.T. Morris ◽  
A.F. Mcfrae
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Individual Animal ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Stocking Rates ◽  
Objective Being ◽  
Clover Content

This paper reports and discusses the results of 4 years of trials (1985-1988) involving 2 farmlets, one receiving 3 nitrogen applications (50 kg /ha) in autumn, winter and spring (+N) and one receiving no N fertiliser (-N). Stocking rags were 3.3 animals/ha on -N farmlet and 4.3 animals/ha on the +N farmlet for the first 3 years, with the objective being to utilise the extra N-boosted grass with extra animals/ha but not to sacrifice individual animal performance. In the fourth year the stocking rates were kept the same on each farmlet (3.3 animals/ha) in an endeavour to utilise the extra grass grown on the +N farmlet by way of increased per head performance. In 2 of the 3 years (1985 and 1987) where the +N farmlet supported the higher stocking rate, liveweight gain (LWG) did not differ between animals. In 1986 the extra animals on the -l-N farmlet had a lower LWG, whereas in 1988 the LWGs were similar for the 2 farmlets stocked at the same rate. The apparent DM responses (kg DM/kg N applied) ranged from 2 to 12. The rates of N fertiliser used in this trial do not appear to result in economic increases in pasture production for the beef production system reported here. Nitrogen fertiliser did not reduce the clover content of pastures rotationally grazed by beef cattle. Keywords beef production, nitrogen fertiliser, pasture composition, livewieght gain, economics.

scholarly journals  Impact of economic parameters on economic values in dairy sheep

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Krupová ◽  
E. Krupa ◽  
M. Wolfová
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Economic Parameters ◽  
The Impact

The impact of variation in economic conditions on the economic values of fourteen production and functional traits was examined for the Improved Valachian breed using a bio-economic model implemented in the ECOWEIGHT software. The following economic parameters were investigated: market prices of lambs, milk, and cheese (variation ± 40%), costs for roughage, concentrates, and total feeding rations , costs for labour and veterinary care, fixed costs (variation ± 20% for all costs), and discount rate of revenues and costs (0 and 3%). Results of the analyses were presented in detail for the marginal and relative economic values of the four most important traits: milk yield in the 150-day milking period, conception rate of ewes, litter size per lambed ewe, and productive lifetime of ewes. Furthermore, cumulative relative economic values of the four trait complexes – milk production, growth, functional, and wool traits – were presented. Prices for sheep products were found to be the most important factor for both the marginal and the relative economic values of the evaluated traits. The four traits with the highest relative economic values in the base calculation stayed the most important for all investigated economic parameters ranges. The relative economic values of the remaining 10 traits did not exceed 6.1%. The relative economic values of milk yield and litter size were the most sensitive to the variation in economic circumstances. For the investigated range of economic parameters, the relative economic value for the complex of milk production traits ranged 30.6–48.1%, for growth traits 6.3–9.4%, and that for functional traits 45.4–59.7%. The relative economic value for the wool trait did not exceed 0.3%.

scholarly journals Production, carcass characteristics and valuable cuts of beef breed bulls and heifers in Finnish beef cattle population

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 164-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maiju Pesonen ◽  
Arto Kalevi Huuskonen
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Beef Breed ◽  
Breed Differences

The objective of the present study was to determine growth and carcass traits of beef breed bulls and heifers in the Finnish beef cattle population. The data collected from Finnish slaughterhouses included observations of 6323 and 2385 Hereford (bulls and heifers, respectively), 4421 and 1794 Charolais, 4335 and 1951 Limousin, 4068 and 1692 Aberdeen Angus, 2151 and 774 Simmental, 344 and 147 Blonde d’Aquitaine animals. For estimating valuable cuttings, a separate dataset including in total 1112 bulls and 260 heifers was also collected. Significant breed differences were observed in growth performance, carcass traits and retail product yield. The later maturing, Continental beef breeds seem to reach higher carcass gains, produce less fat and have more valuable cuts than the earlier maturing British beef breeds. The later maturing beef breeds tend to have carcass traits that suit well in the Finnish beef production system.

scholarly journals Breeding objectives and economic values for traits of low input family-based beef cattle production system in the State of Rio Grande do Sul

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Henrique Laske ◽  
Bruno Borges Machado Teixeira ◽  
Nelson José Laurino Dionello ◽  
Fernando Flores Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Production System ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The State ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Cattle Production ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Beef Cattle Production ◽  
Family Based

scholarly journals Economic values of pork production related traits in Finland

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. SERENIUS ◽  
P. MUHONEN ◽  
K. STALDER
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Genetic Gain ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Production System ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Pork Production ◽  
Lean Meat

The objective of the present study was to estimate economic values for sow efficiency and meat production traits in the Finnish pork production system including the consideration for subsidies. Economic values were estimated by developing a bio-economic model that describes the Finnish production system. Genetic improvement estimates for meat production traits were also developed in order to evaluate how much genetic gain is reduced due to selection for meat quality. Results showed that the highest economic values, when expressed in genetic standard deviations, were obtained for total number of piglets born (€2.07 per piglet), feed conversion ratio (€2.07 per feed unit per kg), and lean meat percentage (€1.69 per %). Economic values for litter size, piglet mortality, sows length of productive life, and lean meat percentage increased when subsidies were not accounted for in the bio-economic model. Results show further that meat quality should have 15–20 percent weight in the Finnish production trait index in order to prevent its deterioration. When the selection weights are 15–20% for meat quality, the expected loss in genetic gain is approximately 3 percent for other production traits when compared to selection indices where meat quality traits are not included.;

scholarly journals Economic values for production traits of Morada Nova meat sheep in a pasture based production system in semi-arid Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 96 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundo Nonato Braga Lôbo ◽  
Igor Daniell Costa Pereira ◽  
Olivardo Facó ◽  
Concepta Margaret McManus
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Meat Sheep ◽  
Semi Arid
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