Economic values for beef production traits from a herd level bioeconomic model

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Koots ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Bioeconomic Model ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Mature Size

A bioeconomic model of an integrated Canadian beef production system was developed to derive economic values for genetic improvement of multiple traits. The breeding objective was assumed to be profit maximization of the integrated enterprise. Sixteen input traits were identified as potentially influencing returns and costs in the system. These were mature size, direct and maternal calving ease (in heifers and cows separately), cow fertility, calf survival, cow survival, peak milk yield, residual post-weaning growth rate, residual feed intake in growing animals, residual feed intake in mature animals, residual slaughter weight and dressing percentage at constant backfat thickness, marbling and lean percentage. Most traits were defined to be functionally independent of each other. Thus, traits related to mature size were redefined as residual traits after accounting for the nonlinear relationships among mature size, growth and feed intake traits following mammalian size scaling rules. The base model, which incorporates average returns and costs under production and marketing systems typical of eastern Canada, is described. Economic values in the base model suggest that calf survival, fertility, residual feed intake, and dressing percentage are of primary economic importance in a purebreeding system. These traits also ranked highly in dam lines and (with the exception of fertility) in sire lines in terminal crossbreeding systems. Key words: Beef cattle, economic values, bioeconomic model

Effects of production and marketing circumstances on economic values for beef production traits

1998 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Koots ◽  
J. P. Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Production System ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Fixed Amount ◽  
Economic Values ◽  
Mature Size

The effect of altering production and marketing circumstances on economic values is quantified for a complete beef production system. Absolute and relative economic values were found to vary substantially with large, but realistic fluctuations in prices and costs. In addition, several examples of different management and different genotypes gave markedly different economic values than in the base situation. Also investigated were the effects of rescaling the enterprise to accommodate three alternative limitations; fixed feed available from pasture, fixed dollars available for feed or fixed amount of beef produced. The effects of rescaling were highly dependent on whether or not fixed costs were accounted for. When fixed costs were ignored (corresponding to a small positive profit) the economic value for mature size decreased while that for fertility increased, but other traits were largely unaffected by rescaling. Overall, production circumstances that reduced survival and fertility yielded the largest changes to economic values. Key words: Economic values, beef cattle, rescaling

scholarly journals 146 Survey of residual feed intake in Katahdin and Texel lambs in a feedlot environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 75-76
Author(s):  
Camren l Maierle ◽  
Andrew R Weaver ◽  
Eugene Felton ◽  
Scott P Greiner ◽  
Scott A Bowdridge
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Meaningful Improvement ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Test Population ◽  
Feeding Trials ◽  
Genetic Evaluations

Abstract Residual feed intake (RFI) is quickly becoming the preferred measurement of efficiency in many species due to its inherent independence of most other important production traits. Making meaningful improvement in feed efficiency of sheep will require a consistent methodology to accurately identify efficient individuals. Due to difficulty in measuring this trait efforts must be made to incorporate efficiency data in large-scale genetic evaluations. The aim of this study was to evaluate lambs in a feedlot with large-scale genetic evaluations for feed efficiency calculated by residual feed intake (RFI) utilizing a Growsafe™ system. RFI was calculated by subtracting expected intake from actual intake. Expected intake was determined by regressing metabolic body size of mid-test weight. Regression determined ADG on actual intake for individuals in the population. Texel (n = 58) and Katahdin (n = 118) lambs were placed in a feedlot and fed in separate feeding trials, a complete pellet ad libitum as the sole source of nutrition. In this environment Texel and Katahdin lambs had expected ADG values (0.27 kg/day, 0.32 kg/day respectively) and actual intake data (2154.17 g/day, 1909.33 g/day respectively. After a period of adaptation, Texel average intake was determined over a period of 27 consecutive days and used to calculate individual RFI within the test population. Observable ranges of RFI (-0.62 – +0.62) were seen in the Texel lambs. At the start of the Katahdin trial lambs were separated by sex and FEC treatment. After a period of adaptation, Katahdin average intake was determined over a period of 42 consecutive days and used to calculate individual RFI within the test population. Observable ranges of RFI (-0.53 – +0.50) were seen in the Katahdin lambs as well. In both feeding trials RFI appeared to be normally distributed. Use of this technology may be useful in identifying superior individuals for feed efficiency.

scholarly journals Genetics of residual feed intake in growing pigs: Relationships with production traits, and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion traits1

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (6) ◽  
pp. 2542-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Saintilan ◽  
I. Mérour ◽  
L. Brossard ◽  
T. Tribout ◽  
J. Y. Dourmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Excretion

scholarly journals Impact of selection for residual feed intake on production traits and behavior of mule ducks

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (9) ◽  
pp. 1999-2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Drouilhet ◽  
R. Monteville ◽  
C. Molette ◽  
M. Lague ◽  
A. Cornuez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Selection For ◽  
And Behavior

479 Determining Effects of Residual Feed Intake on Economically Important Production Traits in Crossbreed Beef Cattle.

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 256-257
Author(s):  
S A Hershorin ◽  
R Manjarin ◽  
A M Emond ◽  
S Id-Lahoucine ◽  
P Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits

A review of factors influencing key biological components of maternal productivity in temperate beef cattle

2018 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Walmsley ◽  
S. J. Lee ◽  
P. F. Parnell ◽  
W. S. Pitchford
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Total System ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Heifer Development ◽  
Cow Calf

Cow–calf efficiency or maternal productivity is highly correlated with total system efficiency of beef production. Balancing the needs of the cow herd with other production components is a daily challenge beef producers address to maximise the number of calves born and raised to weaning and, in turn, maximise maternal productivity. Pressure to satisfy modern consumer needs has shifted selection emphasis to production traits at the expense of fitness traits allowing adaptability to decline. Balancing the needs of the cow herd with production objectives presents cow–calf producers with the challenge of genetically tailoring their cattle to modern needs, while sustainably managing these cattle and natural resources. This balancing act is highlighted by the debate surrounding the application of residual feed intake to reduce costs associated with provision of feed for beef production. Some uncertainty surrounds the relationships between efficiency, production and maternal productivity traits. This review examines key components and definitions of maternal productivity. Management decisions as well as cow and calf traits have important interacting impacts on maternal productivity. Achieving a calving interval of 365 days represents the single most important production issue affecting maternal productivity and is dependent on heifer development during early life and energy reserves (i.e. body condition score) in subsequent years. Management issues such as calving date and selection decisions interact with environmental factors such as photoperiod and production traits such as feed intake, and previous production levels, to influence heifer development and cow body energy reserves. Some proposed definitions of maternal productivity simply include weaning weight per cow mated which can be averaged over all progeny weaned during a cow’s lifetime. Ideally, a definition should include the inputs and outputs of maternal productivity. Some definitions express maternal productivity over large time scales, e.g. a cow’s productive lifetime. Most definitions focus on the cow–calf unit, while some include progeny growth and feed intake to slaughter. This review recommends a definition that focuses on the cow–calf unit, as follows: (weight of calf weaned and cow weight change)/(metabolisable energy intake per cow and calf unit). This definition has the capacity to be scaled up, to include progeny postweaning production, as well as being applicable over varying time scales (e.g. 1 year to a cow’s whole productive life). Improvements in all facets of maternal productivity using this definition can be expected to improve beef-production efficiency.

scholarly journals Relationship between Residual Feed Intake and Production Traits in a Population of F2 Ducks

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Yun-sheng Zhang ◽  
Ya-xi Xu ◽  
Wen-lei Fan ◽  
Zheng-kui Zhou ◽  
Zhi-ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Production Traits

scholarly journals New residual feed intake criterion for longitudinal data

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid David ◽  
Van-Hung Huynh Tran ◽  
Hélène Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Breeding Values ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Heritability Estimates

Abstract Background Residual feed intake (RFI) is one measure of feed efficiency, which is usually obtained by multiple regression of feed intake (FI) on measures of production, body weight gain and tissue composition. If phenotypic regression is used, the resulting RFI is generally not genetically independent of production traits, whereas if RFI is computed using genetic regression coefficients, RFI and production traits are independent at the genetic level. The corresponding regression coefficients can be easily derived from the result of a multiple trait model that includes FI and production traits. However, this approach is difficult to apply in the case of multiple repeated measurements of FI and production traits. To overcome this difficulty, we used a structured antedependence approach to account for the longitudinality of the data with a phenotypic regression model or with different genetic and environmental regression coefficients [multi- structured antedependence model (SAD) regression model]. Results After demonstrating the properties of RFI obtained by the multi-SAD regression model, we applied the two models to FI and production traits that were recorded for 2435 French Large White pigs over a 10-week period. Heritability estimates were moderate with both models. With the multi-SAD regression model, heritability estimates were quite stable over time, ranging from 0.14 ± 0.04 to 0.16 ± 0.05, while heritability estimates showed a U-shaped profile with the phenotypic regression model (ranging from 0.19 ± 0.06 to 0.28 ± 0.06). Estimates of genetic correlations between RFI at different time points followed the same pattern for the two models but higher estimates were obtained with the phenotypic regression model. Estimates of breeding values that can be used for selection were obtained by eigen-decomposition of the genetic covariance matrix. Correlations between these estimated breeding values obtained with the two models ranged from 0.66 to 0.83. Conclusions The multi-SAD model is preferred for the genetic analysis of longitudinal RFI because, compared to the phenotypic regression model, it provides RFI that are genetically independent of production traits at all time points. Furthermore, it can be applied even when production records are missing at certain time points.

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