scholarly journals Production of ewes rearing twin or triplet lambs fed grass silage with a commercial concentrate or a mixture of beet pulp and soybean meal

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. V. Petit
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Lamb Growth

Forty multiparous Outaouais ewes were used to investigate the effects of number of suckling lambs (2 versus 3) and type of feed supplement in grass silage-based diets on ewe and lamb performance. Treatments were arranged in a 2 × 2 factorial design. Isonitrogenous and isoenergetic supplements were either a mixture of beet pulp and soybean meal (BP) or a commercial concentrate (CO). Dietary treatments continued from 28 d prepartum until 42 d postpartum. Milk yield was measured weekly. Dietary treatments and number of suckling lambs had no effect (P > 0.10) on DM intake. Feeding BP resulted in similar milk yield for ewes nursing twin (TW) and triplet (TR) lambs, and feeding CO resulted in higher milk yield for ewes nursing TW compared to those nursing TR; this resulted in a significant interaction (P = 0.08) between diet and the number of suckling lambs. Dietary treatments and number of suckling lambs had no effect (P > 0.10) on milk composition. Loss of body weight was greater (P < 0.01) for ewes nursing TR than for those nursing TW, while there was no difference (P > 0.10) between ewes fed BP and those fed CO. Body weight at birth and on day 42, and ADG of TW were greater (P < 0.01) than those of TR, but type of supplement had no effect on lamb performance. Intake of DM was below requirements of ewes nursing TW. These data suggest that DM intake is not responsible for all differences observed in milk yield. Factors such as greater body weight loss could have contributed to increased milk yield. Feeding BP compared to CO may have contributed to maintain similar milk yield for ewes nursing TW and TR, but lamb growth was limited by milk yield as less milk was available per lamb for TR compared to TW. Key words: Ewes, lambs, lactation, beet pulp

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT RATIOS OF GRASS SILAGE TO CONCENTRATE ON MILK YIELD, MILK COMPOSITION AND BODY WEIGHT

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. S. Logan ◽  
Vern Miles
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Continuous Feeding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Four rations were fed in two experiments to 28 Holstein and Ayrshire cows past peak production, using change-over and continuous feeding designs.The control ration consisted of silage fed at 3 pounds, and hay in excess of 1 pound per 100 pounds body weight with grain concentrate (14 per cent protein) fed at 1 pound for each 4 pounds milk yield daily. The other three rations contained grass silage to provide one-third, one-half or two-thirds of daily energy requirement, and a grain concentrate (10 per cent protein) to meet the remaining energy required by each cow. Feed energy was evaluated in terms of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and as estimated net energy (ENE).Influence of rations on milk yield or body weight was not significant (P = 0.05). With the change-over design, body weight and yields of FCM appeared to increase as more concentrate was fed and, in the continuous feeding design, milk yield of higher producing cows appeared to be depressed when larger amounts of roughage were fed. The relationship of energy intake to milk yield did not differ significantly whether evaluated as TDN or ENE. Percentages of protein, fat and solids-not-fat as indicators of milk composition were not significantly affected by the types of rations used in these experiments.

Impacts of rapeseed meal, canola meal and their mixture substitute for soybean meal on performance of lactating sows and their offspring

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Chao Liu ◽  
Shi Hui Zhou ◽  
Yong Min Kim ◽  
Sang In Lee ◽  
Huan Ying Pang and In Ho Kim
Keyword(s):  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Piglet Survival

The present study was to evaluate the impact of rapeseed meal (RSM), canola meal (CM), and their mixture substitute for soybean meal on performance of lactating sows and their offspring. In total, 16 Yorkshire×Landrace sows with initial BW 258.87±5.36 kg were used in this trial. The experimental period lasted 30 days. The sows were allotted to one of four dietary treatments (4 sows per treatment): 1) corn-soybean meal (SBM) basal diets; 2) basal diets containing 8% RSM; 3) basal diets containing 8% CM; 4) basal diets containing RSM (4%) and CM (4%) mixture (RSCM). Sows fed with RSM and RSCM diets had a higher (P less than 0.05) body weight loss than sows fed SBM diet. The parity, litter number, piglet survival rate, weaning pig number, backfat, ADFI and estrus interval were not influenced by dietary treatments (P greater than 0.05). The ADG of piglets from sows fed SBM was higher (P less than 0.05) than sows fed RSM at 1 week. After farrowing, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of dry matter in sows fed with SBM diet was higher (P less than 0.05) than the RSCM group. The ATTD of energy in SBM and CM treatments was higher (P less than 0.05) than that in RSM and RSCM treatments. On the weaning day, the ATTD of nitrogen and energy in SBM treatment was highest (P less than 0.05) than other treatments. In conclusion, inclusion of 8% rapeseed meal, canola meal, and their mixture substitute for soybean meal had negative effects on reproductive performance of lactating sows and their offspring.

Oil palm meal and urea pellet can partially replace soybean meal in the rations of lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Ratchataporn Lunsin ◽  
Suntriporn Duanyai ◽  
Ruangyote Pilajun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Nutrient Utilisation

Context Several agro-industrial by-products such as oil palm meal could be useful as animal feeds in support of low cost of feed for livestock production. Aims This study investigated the effects of oil palm meal and urea pellet (PMUP) as a protein replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on feed intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen fluid characteristics, milk yield and milk composition in lactating dairy cows. Methods Five multiparous, early to mid-lactation, Holstein-Friesian crossbred dairy cows (75% Holstein-Friesian × 25% Thai Native Bos indicus) were randomly allocated in a 5 × 5 Latin square design to receive PMUP replacement for SBM at 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% in concentrate. Key results The results show that roughage, total dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and acid detergent fibre (ADF) intakes in the cows fed with 25–75% PMUP were significantly higher than in the cows fed 100% PMUP (P &lt; 0.05), whereas the ether extract (EE) intake of the cows receiving the PMUP was higher than that of the control (P &lt; 0.05). Accordingly, the apparent digestibility, ruminal ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) of cows fed with PMUP replacement of SBM at 25–75% was higher than that in cows fed with 100% PMUP. In addition, milk yield and milk composition were not significantly different among treatments, whereas feed costs per kg milk yield was lowest in cow fed with 100% PMUP (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Replacing SBM with PMUP up to 50–100% in concentrate could reduce costs of feed per kg milk yield, but lower feed intake, nutrient utilisation and rumen fermentation were observed in cow fed with 100% PMUP. The use of PMUP from 25–75% replacement of SBM had no significant effects on the feed intake, nutrient utilisation, rumen fermentation and milk production. Therefore, the level of PMUP replacement of SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cow should not exceed 75%. Implications PMUP could be used as a protein replacement for SBM in concentrate for lactating dairy cows. These findings should be applied further in practical farm condition in order to increase livestock production efficiency.

scholarly journals THE PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY AND FEEDLOT CATTLE FED SULFUR DIOXIDE-TREATED HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 471-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. GIBSON ◽  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
G. W. MATHISON
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Two experiments were conducted to determine the influence of feeding sulfur dioxide (SO2)-treated high-moisture barley (HMB) on the performance of lactating dairy cows and feedlot cattle. High-moisture barley was ensiled or treated with 1% (wt/wt) liquid SO2. In exp. 1, 36 lactating Holstein cows were assigned to three treatments for a 6-wk trial. Diets contained 35% rolled barley on a dry matter (DM) basis and differed only in the type of barley fed: dry barley, ensiled HMB or SO2-treated HMB. While no differences (P > 0.05) were observed in DM intake, milk yield, milk composition, milk taste or odour, cows fed SO2-treated HMB tended to have lower milk yield (21.7 kg d−1) than those fed ensiled (22.6 kg d−1) or dry barley (24.6 kg d−1). In experiment 2, 64 steers were allotted to four dietary treatments: (1) dry barley, (2) ensiled HMB, (3) SO2-treated HMB, and (4) SO2-treated HMB plus sodium bicarbonate. All diets contained 85% barley (DM) and were supplemented with thiamin (5.5 mg kg−1 DM). The results of the feedlot trial were confounded by the feeding of spoiled SO2-treated HMB, primarily between days 29 and 57 of the 96-d trial, at approximately 40% of the diet DM. During the period that spoiled SO2-treated grain was being fed, four steers (two from each treatment) developed polioencephalomalacia. Steers fed SO2-treated HMB (diets 3 and 4), had 10.1% lower DM intake (P < 0.01), 31% lower average daily gain and required 32% more DM per kilogram of gain than steers fed diets 1 or 2 (P < 0.001). Feeding SO2-treated HMB to either dairy or feedlot cattle cannot be recommended at the present time. Key words: Sulfur dioxide, preservative, barley, cattle (dairy, beef)

THE RESPONSE OF LACTATING COWS AND GROWING HEIFERS TO TREATMENT FOR PARASITES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. FISHER ◽  
A. C. MacNEILL
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Anthelmintic Treatment ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Production Response

A series of three trials, two with lactating cows and one with growing heifers on pasture, utilized over 200 cows and heifers to establish whether there was a production response to the anthelmintic, "Tramisol" (levamisole phosphate). The lactating cows were subdivided into control and treated animals at parturition. Treated animals were injected with Tramisol on the day following parturition and 8 wk later. Heifers were treated when they were put out to pasture and every 4 wk thereafter. In the first trial with lactating cows there was no effect of treatment on milk yield or milk fat percent but body weight loss was less during the first 84 days for the treated versus control cows. In the second trial with lactating cows, milk yield was higher for total lactation and from 57 to 180 days for the treated cows. Body weight loss was also less during the first 50 days of lactation. There were no differences between the control or treated groups in either number of services required or days open. Heifers injected with Tramisol, when put on pasture, gained more body weight than control animals, particularly during periods of stress. Considering that the parasitic infestation in the herd was low the positive responses observed in these trials, although variable, warranted the conclusion that, in the majority of dairy herds in the area, routine anthelmintic treatment would be beneficial. Key words: Milk yield, growth, dairy cattle, anthelmintic treatment

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation of rumen protected choline and methionine on milk yield and composition of early lactating dairy cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayaraj Neelima ◽  
Purushothaman Sajith ◽  
K. Ally ◽  
Ananth Deepa ◽  
Simon Shibu
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
Dietary Treatments

An experiment was conducted on early lactating dairy cows to study the effect of rumen protected choline (RPC) and methionine (RPM) on milk yield and composition. Fifteen crossbred dairy cows in early lactation (within 10 days of calving) were selected and randomly allotted to any one of the following three dietary treatments, T1 (Control)- with compound feed mixture containing CP- 20% and TDN- 68% , T2- T1+20g RPM and 20g RPC, T3- with compound fed mixture containing CP- 17%, TDN- 68% + 20g RPM and 20g RPC. All the experimental animals were fed as per ICAR feeding standards (ICAR, 2013). Results revealed no significant difference (p>0.05) in milk yield and 4 per cent fat corrected milk (FCM) yield between the three treatment groups. Among the milk constituents, animals in T3 had significantly higher milk fat (p<0.05), SNF (p<0.05), protein (p<0.05) and total solids (p<0.01) compared to those in T1 and T2. Milk urea nitrogen levels did not differ significantly among the three treatments and were within the normal range. The study showed that milk composition could be effectively improved by supplementing feed with rumen protected forms of choline and methionine in combination at lower dietary protein level without any reduction in milk yield.

scholarly journals PSXIV-37 Assessment of milk yield, milk composition and urea nitrogen in milk and plasma in lactating buffaloes fed diets with increasing levels of corn plus urea

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 433-434
Author(s):  
Valdi Lima Júnior ◽  
Tobias Tobit De Barros Melo ◽  
Viviany Lúcia Fernandes Dos Santos ◽  
Leilson R Bezerra ◽  
Marcelo Andrade Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Orthogonal Polynomials ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Lactating Buffaloes ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
References Values

Abstract Nowadays, the great challenge in the milk activity is to replace the high cost ingredients without affect the performance and milk composition. So, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of replacement of soybean meal by corn plus urea on milk production, milk composition, nitrogen in milk (UNM) and plasma (UNP) concentrations of lactation buffaloes. Twelve Murrah lactating buffaloes, all multiparous (100 days in lactation; average milk production of 10 kg per day), with initial mean body weight of 650 ± 45 kg were used used in a triple Latin square 4 x 4 experiment. Each period included 13 d for adaptation and 5 for milk collect. The samples of plasma were obtained only in the last day of collect, four hours after feed. The experimental diets (12% CP, DM basis) consisted of increasing levels (0, 33, 66 and 100%) of soybean meal replacement by corn plus urea and the forage: concentrate ratio was 60:40. Orthogonal polynomials for diet responses were determined by linear and quadratic effects (P &lt; 0.05). The increasing levels of corn plus urea did not change (P &gt; 0.05) the milk production (averaging 6.4±0.33 kg/d), fat content (averaging 7.4±0.31%) and protein content averaging (3.8±0.07%) in milk. The UNM (15.29, 15.44, 14.80 and 16.02 mg dL-1 for levels 0, 33, 66 and 100% respectively) and UNP values (18.37, 17.20, 18.79 and 18.16 mg dL-1, for levels 0, 33, 66 and 100% respectively) also did not change with experimental diets and are according with references values for buffaloes. The use of corn plus urea is an alternative for lactating buffaloes’ diets and can be replacing soybean meal at levels up to 100%.

scholarly journals Replacing Soybean Meal with Sesame Meal in the Diets of Lactating Awassi Ewes Suckling Single Lambs: Nutrient Digestibility, Milk Production, and Lamb Growth

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Belal S. Obeidat ◽  
Rami T. Kridli ◽  
Kamel Z. Mahmoud ◽  
Mohammed D. Obeidat ◽  
Serhan G. Haddad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
N Balance ◽  
Sesame Meal ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Diet Cost ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Lamb Growth

Two experiments were conducted to assess the influence of sesame meal (SM) feeding on nutrient digestibility, N balance, milk production and composition, ewes’ body weight change, and growth performance of lambs. In experiment 1, 18 ewe lambs were randomly distributed into three diets to evaluate the effects of soybean meal replacement with SM on nutrient intake, digestibility, and N balance. Treatments were no SM (SM0), 7.5% SM (SM7.5), or 15% SM (SM15) of the dietary dry matter (DM). Aside from intake and digestibility of ether extract (EE), which was greater in the SM-containing diets compared with SM0, intake and digestibility of the remaining nutrients was similar among dietary treatments. In experiment 2, 30 ewes suckling single lambs were randomly assigned to the same diets used in experiment 1. Intakes of DM, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were unaffected by treatment. Milk yield was greater in SM diets than in the SM0 diet. Cost/kg of milk production decreased while feed efficiency improved in the SM-diets compared to the SM0 diet. In conclusion, results of the current studies demonstrate the possibility of replacing soybean meal with sesame meal in diets of lactating Awassi ewes.

scholarly journals 29 The effect of fleshing ability on cow and calf performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 22-22
Author(s):  
Amanda Holder ◽  
Aksel Wiseman ◽  
Adam McGee ◽  
David Lalman ◽  
Claire Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Beef Cow ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract Several factors influence the overall maintenance requirements of a mature beef cow including age, gain, lactation, pregnancy, and fleshing ability. However, limited research is available to distinguish what sets a hard-fleshing cow apart from an easy-fleshing cow. Cows that are hard-fleshing maintain a lower body condition score (BCS) throughout the year compared to easy-fleshing counterparts. The objectives of this experiment are to determine the differences in characteristics and production between cows classified as easy- vs. hard- fleshing. Characteristics of interest include feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, body weight changes, BCS changes, and other body composition measurements, as well as calf weaning weight. In this study, 24 spring-calving, mature Angus beef cows were classified as either hard-fleshing or easy-fleshing based on BCS and ultrasound measurements for back fat and rump fat. The intake study took place during the second trimester, cows were assigned to an easy- or hard-fleshing pen based on treatment where they remained for the entirety of the 45-day intake study. Each treatment was replicated three times in a completely randomized design. Milk data collection began one month after calving with monthly milkings from May-August. There were no differences (P = 0.9) in DMI, although hard-fleshing cows had greater DMI calculated on a metabolic body weight basis (P = 0.05). There was a trend (P = 0.12) for hard-fleshing cows to wean heavier calves, although there was no difference in mean milk yield (P = 0.44). Body condition score was positively correlated with protein and carbohydrate content of milk with easy-fleshing cows having greater contents of both (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01, respectively). Overall, an increase in BCS without an increase in DMI may be beneficial from a reproductive standpoint, though more research in this area is needed.

Survival feeding of pregnant and lactating ewes with combinations of wheat and lucerne hay

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (99) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
BW Clements ◽  
AR Gleeson ◽  
PJ Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Diet Analysis ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Drought Conditions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Net Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Lamb Growth

An experiment was performed to determine the proportion of roughage required by pregnant and lactating ewes fed wheat-based diets under drought conditions. Five dietary treatments ranging from wheat alone to lucerne hay alone were fed to pregnant and lactating Merino ewes, at levels estimated to give a similar net energy intake per ewe per day. The energy levels fed were altered during the experiment in an attempt to maintain ewe liveweight at a constant level. Wheat alone was unsuitable for lactating ewes, while a diet of 54% hay and 46% wheat (54:46) gave the best milk yields, lamb growth and lamb survival. The mean milk yields of the ewes ranged from 26.5 � (SD) 2.5 ml hour-1 for wheat alone to 38.1 � 2.2 ml hour-1 for the 54:46 diet. Lamb liveweight gains between birth and weaning (at seven weeks) were related to ewe milk yields, with lambs on the wheat alone diet gaining 3.17 kg and those on the 54:46 diet gaining 5.10 kg. Only half of the lambs born to ewes fed wheat alone survived to weaning, compared with 89% of lambs on the 54:46 diet. Analysis of the responses indicated that, for milk yield, the 54:46 diet was near optimum and that lamb growth and survival would be maximized at 60-67% hay.

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