Re-descriptions of larvae of Hoperius and Meladema and phylogenetic implications for the tribe Colymbetini (Coleoptera Dytiscidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Samantha Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Relative Position ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Maxillary Palpus ◽  
Dorsal Margin ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications ◽  
Segment Viii

New descriptions of the larvae of <em>Meladema lanio</em> (Fabricius), <em>M</em>. <em>coriacea</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius planatus </em>Fall are provided. Characters from larval morphology are analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of the genera <em>Meladema</em> Laporte and <em>Hoperius</em> Fall with other genera of the tribe Colymbetini (Colymbetinae). Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> are unique among other Colymbetini being characterized by the presence of a variable number of additional setae along the dorsal margin of both femora and tibiae. Larvae of <em>Hoperius</em> reveal to be remarkably modified and autapomorphic being characterized by a short antennomere II, the presence of a variable number of secondary setae on antennomeres I - II and maxillary palpomere, an elongate maxillary palpus, and a narrow and elongate mandible. A parsimony analysis based on 30 informative larval characters is carried out. Whereas the 12 most parsimonious trees support the placement of <em>Meladema</em> as sister to <em>Neoscutopterus</em> J. Balfour-Browne, the relative position of Hoperius remains unresolved within the Colymbetini. Larvae of <em>Meladema</em> share with those of <em>Neoscutopterus</em>: (i) the presence of additional setae both on the frontoclypeus and parietale, (ii) the presence of a large number of secondary setae on trochantera, (iii) the absence of spinulae along ventral margin of mesotibia and mesotarsus and (iv) the presence of additional setae both on abdominal segment VIII.

Larval morphology and analysis of primary chaetotaxy in the genus  Suphis Aubé, 1836 (Coleoptera: Noteridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4619 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUAN I. URCOLA ◽  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
CESAR J. BENETTI ◽  
GEORGINA RODRIGUEZ ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Distal Portion ◽  
The Other ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Ancestral Condition ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time

The three larval instars of Suphis cimicoides Aubé, 1837 are described and illustrated, including morphometric and chaetotaxic analyses of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphus. A preliminary ground plan of primary chaetotaxy for noterid larvae is presented for the first time, based on the species described herein and examination of larvae of the genera Hydrocanthus Say, 1823 and Suphisellus Crotch, 1873. This ground plan is compared with previous systems proposed for other adephagan families. Larvae of Noteridae can be distinguished from those of other families of Hydradephaga by the following combination of characters: (1) antennomere 3 with a rugged area on distal portion; (2) abdominal segment VIII with a U-shaped wavy membranous area ventrally; (3) absence of pore FRd; and (4) presence of seta AB16. Several sensilla present in noterid larvae (notably setae TR2 and TA1 and pores PAl, PAm, COd, TRb and FEb) are absent in larvae of Meruidae. On the contrary, parietal seta PA5 is present in Meruidae but absent in Noteridae. The presence of pore COc in Noteridae may indicate that this family has retained the ancestral condition found only in Carabidae. On the other hand, the absence of setae FE7, FE8, FE9 and FE10 in Noteridae is similar to the condition found in Carabidae, Gyrinidae and Meruidae. 

Larval morphology of Rhantus Dejean, 1833 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Colymbetinae): descriptions of 22 species and phylogenetic considerations

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2317 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
MARIANO C. MICHAT ◽  
ANDERS N. NILSSON ◽  
MIGUEL ARCHANGELSKY ◽  
LARS HENDRICH
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Consensus Trees ◽  
Neotropical Species ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
Similar Character ◽  
Phylogenetic Origin

Descriptions of larval instars of 22 species of Rhantus Dejean, 1833 are presented including a detailed chaetotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis including 25 Rhantus species (the 22 species described in this paper + 3 additional ones) from all major zoogeographic regions and representatives of other Colymbetini genera was conducted using the program TNT based on 43 informative larval characteristics. Jackknife values indicate strong support for the monophyly of members of the tribe Colymbetini (Colymbetinae), which is supported by eight synapomorphies. It is postulated that Rhantus is polyphyletic as Rhantus (Nartus) grapii (Gyllenhal, 1908) and R. monteithi Balke, Wewalka, Alarie & Ribera, 2007 occur as more closely related phylogenetically to other genera of the tribe Colymbetini than to the Rhantus species studied. We suggest that the Neotropical species R. orbignyi Balke, 1992, R. antarcticus nahueli Trémouilles, 1984, R. calidus (Fabricius, 1792) and R. validus Sharp, 1882 represent a distinct lineage within the Colymbetini. All these species diverge at the basis of the strict consensus trees prior to all other Colymbetini studied and are characterized by several unique larval character states. Larvae of Palearctic and Nearctic species of Rhantus were found to share similar character states, which is suggestive of a common phylogenetic origin.

Phylogenetic relationships and comparative larval morphology of epigean and stygobitic species of Limbodessus Guignot, 1939 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Bidessini), with a key of identification

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3584 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIANO C. MICHAT ◽  
YVES ALARIE ◽  
CHRIS H. S. WATTS
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diving Beetle ◽  
Occipital Foramen

The larvae of five epigean and 25 stygobitic species of the diving beetle genus Limbodessus Guignot, 1939 are describedand illustrated for the first time, with special emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy of the cephalic capsule, headappendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. Those of the following five epigean species are described: L.amabilis (Clark, 1862), L. compactus (Clark, 1862), L. inornatus (Sharp, 1882), L. praelargus (Lea, 1899), L. shuckardii(Clark, 1862). The 25 stygobitic larvae described are: L. barwidgeeensis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. bigbellensis(Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. challaensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L. cooperi Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L.eberhardi (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. exilis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. fridaywellensis (Watts & Humphreys,2001), L. hillviewensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2004), L. hinkleri (Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. leysi Watts & Humphreys,2006, L. macrohinkleri Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. masonensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L. millbilliensis Watts &Humphreys, 2006, L. mirandaae Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. morgani (Watts & Humphreys, 2000), L. nambiensisWatts & Humphreys, 2006, L. ordinarius Watts & Humphreys, 2009, L. palmulaoides Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L.pulpa (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. raeae Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. raesideensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2001), L.windarraensis (Watts & Humphreys, 1999), L. yandalensis Watts & Humphreys, 2006, L. yarrabubbaensis Watts & Humphreys, 2009, L. yuinmeryensis (Watts & Humphreys, 2003). The morphology and chaetotaxy of epigean vs.stygobitic species are compared, and a key for the identification of the species is presented. Contrary to their epigeancounterparts, larvae of stygobitic Limbodessus have turned out to be very divergent morphologically. In addition to thecommon characteristics associated with an underground living (i.e., absence of stemmata, reduced pigmentation, and thinor soft exoskeleton), larvae of these species have undergone a variable modification of the frontoclypeus and have evolvedrelatively shorter tarsal claws. Two morphological groups of stygobitic species are evident, one including species lessdeviated from the ancestral (epigean) condition and another group comprising more modified species that typically havea larger size, a more or less pyriform head with a digitiform nasale, and a strongly reduced occipital foramen. Primarychaetotaxy of the species has remained a very conservative expression of the phenotype. Secondary chaetotaxy showsvariation among the species, the most obvious being the variable number of lamellae clypeales and the presence or absenceof secondary setae on the urogomphus. The phylogenetic relationships of Limbodessus are analyzed cladistically. Larvaeof this genus lack the primary pore ABc, which is a synapomorphy of the tribe Bidessini. As presently defined, Limbodessus is probably paraphyletic with respect to Allodessus Guignot, 1953.

Larval morphology of four genera of Laccophilinae (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae) with an analysis of their phylogenetic relationships

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris H.S. Watts ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson ◽  
Michael Balke ◽  
Lars Hendrich ◽  
Yves Alarie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars

AbstractDescriptions of the larval instars of four genera (12 species) of the dytiscid subfamily Laccophilinae, Laccophilus Leach, Neptosternus Sharp, Australphilus Watts and Africophilus Guignot, are presented including a detailed chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis, based on the 13 informative larval characteristics was conducted with Hennig86. The genus Africophilus is postulated to represent the sister-group of a clade comprised of Laccophilus + (Neptosternus + Australphilus) which is supported by, (i) primary seta CO7 articulated proximally on all legs, (ii) presence of natatory setae, (iii) metatibia + metatarsus very elongated, and (iv) elongated urogomphi.

Phylogenetic relationships of Leuronectes Sharp (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae: Agabinae) based on larval morphology and chaetotaxy

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Archangelsky ◽  
Mariano Michat
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Anterior Margin ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Lateral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
The Third ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
First Time ◽  
Diving Beetle

AbstractThe phylogenetic relationships of the diving beetle (Dytiscidae) genus Leuronectes Sharp are revised based on a cladistic analysis of seven Agabinae genera and 54 morphological and chaetotaxic characters from larvae. For this purpose, larvae of L. curtulus Régimbart are described and illustrated in detail for the first time, with particular emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy. The results show that Leuronectes is well placed within Agabinae based on the absence of natatory setae on tibia and tarsus in instars II and III, the urogomphus composed of two urogomphomeres, and the absence of secondary setae on urogomphus. Leuronectes is resolved as part of a basal polytomy along with Platynectes Régimbart and a clade formed by the remaining agabine genera. Leuronectes shares with Platynectes the setae UR2, UR3 and UR4 not inserted contiguously, with Platambus Thomson the anterolateral lobes of frontoclypeus not projected beyond anterior margin, with Hydrotrupes Sharp the seta AB9 inserted dorsolaterally, and with Ilybius Erichson the seta LA10 inserted submedially. Leuronectes is unique within Agabinae in having the apical lateroventral process of the third antennomere not protruding and additional ventroapical pores on third antennomere, and is unique within the dytiscid genera studied in having the seta LA12 inserted submedially and one additional spine-like seta inserted on the lateral margin of abdominal segment VIII.

Phylogenetic relationships, larval morphology, and chaetotaxy of the subfamily Coptotominae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariano C. Michat ◽  
Yves Alarie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Segment Viii ◽  
Tracheal Gills

AbstractLarval morphology of the monogeneric subfamily Coptotominae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) is described and illustrated in detail, with particular emphasis on morphometry and chaetotaxy. Larvae ofCoptotomusSay are unique within Dytiscidae in the presence of tracheal gills on the abdominal segments I–VI, a short bifid horn or nasale in instar I, long spinulae on the urogomphus in instar I, and rows of natatory setae on both the internal and external margins of the urogomphus in instars II and III. A cladistic analysis based on 125 larval characters sampled among representatives of other dytiscid subfamilies supports a sister-group relationship between Coptotominae and Laccophilinae based on the shared absence of setae LA10 and LA12 on the second labial palpomere and of pore ABc on the abdominal segment VIII. The clade Coptotominae + Laccophilinae resolved as sister to Lancetinae, all three subfamilies sharing the presence of an unusually low number of lamellae clypeales in the first instar (a condition called four-peg-pattern), postulated to have evolved secondarily within Dytiscidae.

Larval morphology of genus Lancetes (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Dytiscidae): the hypothesis of sister-group relationship with the subfamily Dytiscinae revisited

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Miguel Archangelsky ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson ◽  
Chris H.S. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Sister Group Relationship ◽  
Ventral Margin ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Parsimonious Tree

AbstractDescriptions of the larvae of Lancetes angusticollis (Curtis), L. lanceolatus (Clark), L. subseriatus Zimmermann, L. flavoscutatus Enderlein, L. delkeskampi Ríha, and L. nigriceps (Erichson) are provided. Characters from larval morphology are analyzed to infer the phylogenetic relationships of the genus Lancetes Sharp with other genera of Dytiscidae. A parsimony analysis based on 51 informative larval characteristics was conducted with the program NONA. The most parsimonious tree supports a sister-group relationship between the genus Lancetes and members of the subfamily Dytiscinae. The only unambiguous synapomorphy in support of this hypothesis is the secondary subdivision of some cephalic appendages. Other putative synapomorphies are the proximal articulation of the primary seta CO7 both on meso- and meta-coxa and the presence of additional primary setae on the ventral margin of the tibiae. Based on several character states including the presence of multifragmented urogomphi, the genus Lancetes is monophyletic.

Larvae of the genus Antiporus (Coleoptera : Dytiscidae) and phylogenetic implications

2004 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Chris H. S. Watts
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Sister Taxon ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
Phylogenetic Implications

The larvae of Antiporus blakeii (Clark), A. femoralis (Boheman), A. gilbertii (Clark), A. hollingsworthi Watts, A. jenniferae Watts, A. uncifer Sharp and A. willyamsi Watts are described with an emphasis on chaetotaxy of the head capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis based on 17 informative larval characteristics was conducted using the program PAUP*. The 11 most parsimonious trees support a monophyletic origin of the genera Antiporus Sharp, Nebrioporus Régimbart, Scarodytes Gozis, and Stictotarsus Zimmermann. Unambiguous synapomorphies supporting this clade are the presence of natatory setae on the femur, tibia and tarsus and the presence of a very elongate urogomphomere 1. It is postulated that these features evolved as swimming devices. The genus Oreodytes Seidlitz is postulated to represent the sister-taxon of Antiporus + Nebrioporus + Stictotarsus + Scarodytes and this clade is characterised by the absence of the maxillary cardo and insertion of the primary seta MX1 on the maxillary stipes.

Larval morphology of the tribe Matini (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae, Colymbetinae): descriptions of Batrachomatus daemeli, Matus bicarinatus, and Allomatus nannup and phylogenetic relationships

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie ◽  
Chris H.S. Watts ◽  
Anders N. Nilsson
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Larval Morphology ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
First Instar

AbstractDescriptions are presented of larval instars of three species of the colymbetine tribe Matini Zimmermann (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae), Batrachomatus daemeli (Sharp), Matus bicarinatus (Say), and Allomatus nannup Watts, including a chaetotaxic and porotaxic analysis of the cephalic capsule, head appendages, legs, last abdominal segment, and urogomphi. A parsimony analysis based on 32 informative larval characteristics was conducted with the computer program NONA. Members of the Matini are postulated to share a monophyletic origin based on (i) seta TR2 articulated anteroventroproximally on the trochanter; (ii) seta TR5 elongate on the metatrochanter; (iii) seta TA1 elongate and inserted proximally on the tarsus; (iv) antenomere III with a hole-like ventroapical spinula; (v) prementum with the primary setae LA2, LA3, LA4, LA5, and LA8 spine-like and elongate; (vi) presence of secondary setae on the cephalic appendages; and (vii) presence of additional primary setae on the last abdominal segment. A clade Matini + Colymbetini is postulated based on (i) metafemoral seta FE5; (ii) metafemoral seta FE6; (iii) seta TI6 on tibia, all elongate and hair-like; (iv) one-segmented urogomphus; (v) presence of an occipital suture in first instar; (vi) galea elongate; (vii) presence of natatory setae on legs; and (viii) presence of secondary setae on the urogomphus.

PRIMARY SETAE AND PORES ON THE LEGS, THE LAST ABDOMINAL SEGMENT, AND THE UROGOMPHI OF LARVAE OF NEARCTIC COLYMBETINAE (COLEOPTERA: ADEPHAGA: DYTISCIDAE) WITH AN ANALYSIS OF THEIR PHYLOGENETIC RELATIONSHIPS

1995 ◽  
Vol 127 (6) ◽  
pp. 913-943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yves Alarie
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Abdominal Segment ◽  
Phylogenetic Reconstruction ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Dorsal Margin ◽  
Campaniform Sensilla ◽  
Monophyletic Origin ◽  
Ground Plan ◽  
First Instar

AbstractThrough an analysis of the primary setae and pores (campaniform sensilla) of first-instar larvae of 32 species of Colymbetinae, 33 species belonging to other dytiscid subfamilies, and seven species belonging to other families of Hydradephaga, the ancestral system of primary setae and pores of the legs, the last abdominal segment, and the urogomphi of Colymbetinae is deduced. Seventy-four setae and 24 pores have been assigned to the generalized colymbetine larva: 51 setae and 18 pores on the legs, 15 setae and three pores on the last abdominal segment, and eight setae and three pores on each urogomphus. A comparison with the ground-plan pattern of the subfamily Hydroporinae is provided. Members of Colymbetinae differ from those of Hydroporinae by the presence of setae TR3, AB14, and AB15, the absence of pore ABd, and the presence of a variable number of additional setae on the femur. A tentative phylogenetic reconstruction of the colymbetine genera provided is based on 24 larval characteristics. The monophyletic origin of the subfamily Colymbetinae is confirmed based on the shared presence of seta AB14. Two monophyletic lineages unite basally: (1) [(Agabus Leach + Ilybius Erichson) + Agabinus Crotch], and (2) {[Colymbetes Clairville + (Rhantus Dejean + Neoscutopterus Balfour-Browne)] + Matus Aubé}. The genera Agabinus and Matus are postulated as a sister-group of (Agabus + Ilybius) and [(Colymbetes + (Rhantus + Neoscutopterus)], respectively. Compared with other Colymbetinae, both Neoscutopterus and Matus stand out by the presence of several strikingly peculiar features. The subgenus Rhantus (Nartus) is postulated to be the sister-group of Neoscutopterus based on the shared presence of additional setae on the dorsal margin of the femur.

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