scholarly journals Ricordando Cesare Conci (Rovereto 26 aprile 1920 - Milano 11 maggio 2011)

10.4081/17 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (2) ◽  
pp. 211
Author(s):  
Luigi Cagnolaro ◽  
Carlo Leonardi ◽  
Paola Livi
Keyword(s):  
Information Sharing ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Deep Knowledge ◽  
Invertebrate Zoology

In memory of Cesare Conci (Rovereto, April 26th, 1920 – Milano, May 11th, 2011) The biography and scientific activities of Prof. Cesare Conci are here summarized. Prof. Conci was the curator of invertebrate zoology of our museum from 1957 to 1964; then he became the Director of the same institution until 1981. He was primarily an entomologist, but he also had a very deep knowledge of natural sciences and contributed to the advancement of Italian speleology and biogeography. He was a skilful researcher both in the lab and in the field, and supported information sharing and collaboration as productive working strategies. Prof. Conci also promoted the scientific associationism that strongly contributed to the diffusion and progress of naturalistic knowledge in the second half of the 20th century. A list of taxa described by Prof. Conci, as well as one of taxa dedicated to him, and honouring his scientific work, are provided. Finally, all Conci’s publications are reported.

The Limit Situation And The Narrative Of War (On The Material Of The Novel “My Lieutenant” By Daniil Granin)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-104
Author(s):  
Anatoly S. Kuprin ◽  
Galina I. Danilina
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Continuous Limit ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Term Limit ◽  
Abstract Author ◽  
The Third ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of this study is the analysis of limit situation in the narrative of war. The material of the study is the novel of Daniil Granin “My Lieutenant” and related texts. In the first part of the paper, the authors explore existing approaches to the term “limit situation” and similar concepts into scientific and philosophical traditions; limits of its applicability in literary studies and its relation to the categories of “narrative instances” and “event”. Proposed a literary-theoretical definition of the limit situation, which can be used in the analysis of fiction texts. Existing approaches to the examination of the situation of war are analyzed: philosophical-existential, psychoanalytic, sociological, literary. In the second part of the paper, the authors propose their method for analyzing limit situations in texts about war, which basis on existing approaches and preserves the text-centric principle of studying the structure of the story. Two interrelated areas of research have been identified: the study of war as a continuous limit situation in the intertextual aspect (the discourse of war); the study of limit situations (death, suffering, guilt, accident) in the narrative of war as part of a specific text. In the third part of the scientific work,the analysis of war as a continuous limit situation results in the study of the concept of “limit” (border) in a fiction text. The role of “limit” (border) concept in the texts about the war is studied, the possible types of limits in the discourse of war are examined. Limit situations in the narrative of war are analyzed on the basis of the novel “My Lieutenant” by Daniil Granin. A review of journalistic and scientific works about the novel revealed both the continuity and the differences between the novel and the “lieutenant” prose of the 20th century. An analysis of the limit situations in the novel revealed their key position in the narrative. These situations are independent of the fiction time, of the fluctuation of the point of view’; the function of the abstract author is to build the narrative as a “directive” immersion of the hero and narrator in these situations.

scholarly journals Points of convergence between logical empiricism and inductive metaphysics: Hans Reichenbach and Erich Becher in comparison

Synthese ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansgar Seide
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Vienna Circle ◽  
External World ◽  
Logical Empiricism ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Late 19Th Century ◽  
Hans Reichenbach

AbstractIn this paper, I take a closer look at Hans Reichenbach’s relation to metaphysics and work out some interesting parallels between his account and that of the proponents of inductive metaphysics, a tradition that emerged in the mid- and late 19th century and the early 20th century in Germany. It is in particular Hans Reichenbach’s conception of the relation between the natural sciences and metaphysics, as displayed in his treatment of the question of the existence of the external world, that shows some very interesting similarities with inductive metaphysics. By a comparison with the position of the inductive metaphysician Erich Becher and his handling of the problem of realism, I work out the parallels between Reichenbach’s program and inductive metaphysics. I come to the conclusion that while there are certainly some respects in which Reichenbach’s logical empiricism is closer to the positions of the representatives of the Vienna Circle, it turns out that with regard to his views on metaphysics there is a greater affinity with the program of inductive metaphysics.

scholarly journals Revolutions in the earth sciences

1999 ◽  
Vol 354 (1392) ◽  
pp. 1915-1919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude Allègre ◽  
Vincent Courtillot
Keyword(s):  
Earth Sciences ◽  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Scientific Revolutions ◽  
The Earth

The 20th century has been a century of scientific revolutions for many disciplines: quantum mechanics in physics, the atomic approach in chemistry, the nonlinear revolution in mathematics, the introduction of statistical physics. The major breakthroughs in these disciplines had all occurred by about 1930. In contrast, the revolutions in the so–called natural sciences, that is in the earth sciences and in biology, waited until the last half of the century. These revolutions were indeed late, but they were no less deep and drastic, and they occurred quite suddenly. Actually, one can say that not one but three revolutions occurred in the earth sciences: in plate tectonics, planetology and the environment. They occurred essentially independently from each other, but as time passed, their effects developed, amplified and started interacting. These effects continue strongly to this day.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development According to the Opinions of Polish Experts

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5325
Author(s):  
Mariusz Dacko ◽  
Aleksandra Płonka ◽  
Łukasz Satoła ◽  
Aneta Dacko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The Relationship

The idea of sustainability has been exerting an impact on public awareness for nearly five decades. However, representatives of various sciences interpret it in many different ways, and there were several hundred definitions of it already at the end of the 20th century. There is no doubt that a proper understanding of the essence and meaning of sustainable development by opinion leaders representing various scientific disciplines determines transformations in particular sectors of the economy, especially in the energy sector. Economics, which considers the relationship between the economy and the environment, seems to have a special role with regard to this issue. Models and concepts of managing limited environmental resources are considered based on this science. Thus, economists have a kind of greater responsibility for the shape and direction of development, and especially for whether it will be durable and balanced. With these issues in mind, the aim of this paper is to review and systematize the opinions of Polish experts on the concept of sustainable development and to indicate the most important parameters that define it. The paper presents the results of an opinion survey of 105 experts affiliated with a wide variety of institutions. Respondents represented economic, technical, social, and natural sciences.

scholarly journals Полонистика в Московском Государственном Университете имени м. В. Ломоносова

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 ◽  
pp. 225-233
Author(s):  
Наталия [Naliia] Ананьева [Anan'eva]
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
State University ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
Polish Language ◽  
Student Training ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Slavic Studies

Polish studies at Lomonosov State University in MoscowPolish Studies at Moscow University are one of specialisations of the department of Slavic Studies at the Faculty of Linguistics. The beginnings of Slavic Studies as a university discipline dates back in 1835. In the 20th century such outstanding scholars as Afanasij Sieliszczew and Samuił Bernsztejn worked as lecturers here. The Polish language and literature together with Czech, Serbo-Croatian and Bulgarian department has existed permanently until today. The Chair of Polish Studies is currently held by the author of the article. Enrolment for Polish Studies takes place once three years. Groups consist of ca. 10–15 people. There is a division into two specialisations – linguistics and literature since the second year of studies. The article presents the subject matter of research and scientific work of didactic workers and their main publications. Student training in Poland and lectures of Polish specialists help mastering fluency in the Polish language.

scholarly journals Pioneras en la Paleontología española: María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985)

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Isabel Rábano
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Research Work ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Western Sahara ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xx ◽  
Intense Research

Resumen Se presentan algunos aspectos de la biografía de María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado (1921-1985), una pionera desconocida en la historia de la Geología española. El matrimonio y la maternidad la retiraron de la ciencia tras una breve pero intensa actividad investigadora. Licenciada en Ciencias, Sección de Ciencias Naturales, por la Universidad Central en 1946, obtuvo una beca del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas en el Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Madrid para realizar su tesis doctoral sobre el Devónico en España, dirigida por Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. Colaboró con Manuel Alía Medina en algunas cuestiones paleontológicas de las investigaciones geológico-mineras del Sáhara Occidental. Asimismo, se muestra la evolución de la enseñanza de las materias geológicas durante la primera mitad del siglo XX en España. Abstra ct This paper deals with some aspects of María Teresa Rodríguez Mellado´s biography (1921-1985), an unknown pioneer in the history of Spanish Geology. Marriage and motherhood removed her from science after a brief but intense research work. She graduated in Natural Sciences in 1946, and got a Spanish National Research Council scholarship to carry out her Ph.D. thesis on the Devonian of Spain, supervised by Francisco Hernández-Pacheco. She collaborated with Manuel Alía Medina on some paleontological issues of the geology of Western Sahara. Also, the evolution of the teaching of geological subjects during the first half of the 20th century in Spain is shown.

Fond of Raissa Gourevich-Kroll-De Chirico-Calza (Raissa Lork) in the Library of Humanities, Siena

2018 ◽  
pp. 294-305
Author(s):  
Anna V. Uriadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Russian History ◽  
Cultural Relations ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Central State ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Archives ◽  
Private Collections

The article strives to describe the fond of Raissa Calza (1897–1979) in the Library of Humanities of Siena and documents in it. For this purpose, the author has carried out the following tasks: she has studied Russian and foreign historiography on the issue; she has analyzed sources on the issue; and drawing on these, she has studied the biography of Raisa Calza; she has reviewed the archival fond and analyzed its documents. Having reviewed the historiography, the author comes to the conclusion that the fate of Raisa Calza, her creativity, and scientific work has been poorly studied, especially by Russian historians. There are few articles dedicated to the Calza collection in the Library of Humanities. Studying the sources (personal and business letters, diary, notebooks, memoirs, photographs, scientific works) associated with Raisa and her connections allows to identify their nature and main features and to supplement, clarify, and flesh out the biography of Raissa Calza. These documents are sources on more than everyday life and microhistory. They can be used in studying the history of Russian emigration, of Russian-Italian cultural relations, of archeology. The fate of Raisa Calza is interesting in itself, as a fate of a woman, an individual, amidst historical events of the 20th century. The chronological frameworks of the study coincide with the chronology of Raisa Calza’s documents preserved in the Siena’s library (1900s-1970s). The article includes an overview of the creation of the archive in the Library of Humanities of Siena and that of the Raissa Calza fond, which came into existence when she donated her documents to the Library in 1970s. The article studies the structure of the Raissa Calza fond: boxes I, VI – letters, postcards, telegrams, dairy, history of Gourevitch, Tumarkin and Frenkley families; II-IV – ‘Ostia’ containing materials on the excavations of Antic Ostia; V – various documents, boxes of photos. The author concludes that these sources should be introduces into scientific use. The collection proves that documents on Russian history are available not only in central state archives and private collections, but also in universities. It challenges historians to start researching universities libraries and archives. The article also names other foreign archives containing documents of Raissa Calza.

Antoni Tuchendler i Leon Plocker – twórcy polskiej powojennej szkoły gastrologicznej

Nowa Medycyna ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ciesielska ◽  
Przemysław Ciesielski
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Medical Society ◽  
Warsaw Ghetto ◽  
Independent Field ◽  
Jewish Hospital ◽  
The University ◽  
The 19Th Century

The origin of gastrology as an independent field of internal medicine began in the second half of the 19th century. The so-called “Polish gastrological school” of the first half of the 20th century was composed of, among others: Edward Korczyński, Walery Jaworski, Antoni Gluziński, Józef Wacław Grott, Ludwik Justman, Wilhelm Rubin, Anastazy Landau, Antoni Tuchendler and Leon Plockier (vel Plockier, Płocker, Płockier). Dr. Antoni Tuchendler, after graduating from the University of Dorpat, trained at the Charitè Clinic in Berlin. He worked in Warsaw and was a member of the prestigious Warsaw Medical Society. Before the outbreak of the war, Dr. Leon Plocker worked at the Czyste Jewish Hospital in Warsaw. In 1939 he took part in the defensive war and was taken prisoner by the Germans. In 1940 both doctors were forcibly relocated to the Warsaw ghetto. From 1942, Dr. Plocker hid after the so-called on the Aryan side under the false name of Konstanty Szustowski. He took part in the Warsaw Uprising as the commander of one of the field hospitals. The article is devoted to the fate of two of the above-mentioned doctors: Antoni Tuchendler and Leon Plocker. The first one dealt with the etiology and diagnosis of habitual constipation, the second focused his scientific work on issues related to the stomach cancer.

THE BEGINNINGS OF ESTABLISHMENT AND DEVELOPMENT FOR UKRAINIAN ACADEMIC VOCAL PERFORMING

2019 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
A. K. Tereshchenko
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The World ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Vocal Art ◽  
Opera Singers ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Creative Life

The purpose of this article is disclosing genic underground for germination and evolution of Ukrainian academic vocal performing. The target of this investigation is also revealing the most characteristic features of domestic vocal tradition into the stage concerning to formation of Ukrainian professional vocal art. The methodology of this exploration is formed by researcher on the basis employment of historical method, which connects with studying definite biographical information of Ukrainian academic singers. The systematic manner has the specific significance for special formation the investigative sequence of Ukrainian performers’ the most characteristic vocal criterions. The structurally analytical method26allows to hold out the logic of scientific disquisition, its structure and to texture the general conclusions. The scientific newness of the presented article is determined by appeal to phenomenon of Ukrainian vocal academic art into its stage beginning and further evolutional development. The discovering of not renowned facts from creative life of celebrated Ukrainian singers namely Mykola Ivanov, Semen Hulak-Artemovsky, Alexander Mishug, Kamil Everardy, Alexander Korobeychenko, Anatoly Solovyanenko and Lyudmila Yurchenko is novelty into the scientific work. Conclusions. The world famous creation of Ukrainian opera singers specifically Mykola Ivanov and Semen Hulak-Artemovsky is genic foundation of Ukrainian academic vocal performing. Namely these artists, from the middle of the 19th century, began its approving and passing to descendants on the highest professional level. The permanent connect with Italian vocal tradition as well as Ukrainian-Italian concert-creative relationships are the most peculiar traits, the characterological features of domestic vocal performing, into the stage organization of Ukrainian vocal art’s phenomenon. The successors of such a type art events in the 20th century were celebrated performers, exactly the singers and teachers Alexander Mishug, Kamil Everard, Alexander Korobeychenko, Anatoly Solovyanenko, Lyudmila Yurchenko and others.

In Defense of Scientific Phenomenologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-161
Author(s):  
Amedeo Giorgi
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Scientific Work ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
World War ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
Phenomenological Philosophy ◽  
Duquesne University

Abstract Empiricism had dominated scientific activities for about three centuries but beginning with the 20th Century a new philosophy, phenomenology, began to develop and certain scientists who conducted research with humans began to turn to phenomenology as the basis for their scientific work rather than empiricism. What was known as the Utrecht School in Holland just after World War II, psychologists at Duquesne University during mid-twentieth century, pedagogists in Canada at about the same time and nurses later in the twentieth century all began to base their research on phenomenological philosophical principles rather than on empiricism. Certain philosophers criticized the approach of these scientists and offered their own praxis based directly on phenomenological philosophy. However, one of the members of the Duquesne University’s group strongly criticized the evaluation of his approach by the philosophers and demonstrated the significant errors of their criticism. The psychologist then clarified his scientific phenomenological approach toward psychological phenomena and emphasized the role of the phenomenological epoche’ and reduction for Husserlian scientific phenomenology.

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