scholarly journals Possible Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosaku Nitta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Renal Protection

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical syndrome that consists of visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired insulin sensitivity. Although individual components of MetS have been implicated in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), few studies have examined the effect of combinations of the components of MetS on the development of CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of MetS is increasing worldwide in both developing and developed countries, and early detection and treatment of MetS would be a cost-effective strategy for preventing the development of CKD. Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are two important features of MetS that may be associated with renal damage. Lifestyle modifications, including caloric restriction and exercise, are necessary to treat MetS. Initial antihypertensive therapy should consist of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker. An improved understanding of the mechanism responsible for the association between MetS and renal damage should be helpful in determining the treatment regimens directed at cardiovascular and renal protection.

Hyperuricemia and Cardiovascular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Zhang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jinsong Cheng ◽  
Ning Huangfu ◽  
Ruochi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Positive Effects

Purine metabolism in the circulatory system yields uric acid as its final oxidation product, which is believed to be linked to the development of gout and kidney stones. Hyperuricemia is closely correlated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease, as attested by the epidemiological and empirical research. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge about hyperuricemia, with a special focus on its physiology, epidemiology, and correlation with cardiovascular disease. This review also discusses the possible positive effects of treatment to reduce urate levels in patients with cardiovascular disease and hyperuricemia, which may lead to an improved clinical treatment plan.

scholarly journals Renal and Cardiovascular Effects of Sodium Glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease: Perspectives on the Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation Trial Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 276-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Weir ◽  
Peter A. McCullough ◽  
John B. Buse ◽  
John Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Renal Protection ◽  
Substantial Impact

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk is elevated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Disease management in these patients has been generally focused on glycemic control and controlling other renal and cardiac risk factors as, historically, few protective therapies have been available. The Canagliflozin and Renal Events in Diabetes with Established Nephropathy Clinical Evaluation ­(CREDENCE) trial of canagliflozin was the first study to demonstrate renal protection with a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor in patients with T2DM and CKD, and these results could have important implications for clinical practice. Summary: In CREDENCE, participants with T2DM and estimated glomerular filtration rate 30–<90 mL/min/1.73 m2 and urinary albumin-creatinine ratio >300–5,000 mg/g who were treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker for ≥4 weeks prior to randomization at either the maximum labeled or tolerated dose were randomized to receive either canagliflozin 100 mg or placebo. Canagliflozin significantly reduced the risk of the primary composite outcome of doubling of serum creatinine, end-stage kidney disease, or renal or cardiovascular (CV) death compared with placebo (hazard ratio 0.70, 95% CI 0.59–0.82; p = 0.00001). Canagliflozin also reduced the risk of secondary renal and CV outcomes. The safety profile of canagliflozin in CREDENCE was generally similar to previous studies of canagliflozin. No imbalances were observed between canagliflozin and placebo in the risk of amputation or fracture in the CREDENCE population. Key Messages: The positive renal and CV effects of canagliflozin observed in the ­CREDENCE trial could have a substantial impact on improving outcomes for patients with T2DM and CKD.

scholarly journals Nephroprotective in patients with metabolic syndrome: approaches to the appointment of antihypertensive drugs

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-83
Author(s):  
O D Ostroumova ◽  
A A Zykova ◽  
M L Maksimov
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Mechanisms Of Development ◽  
Selection Of

In the article shows the questions of prevalence, diagnosis and prognostic significance of renal damage in metabolic syndrome. Discusses the pathogenetic mechanisms of development and progression of chronic kidney disease in individuals with obesity. Approaches to selection of antihypertensive drugs, advantages and limitations of the major classes of antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of metabolic syndrome, arterial hypertension combined with renal disease.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Dynamic and Life-Threatening Triad

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Raimundo ◽  
José António Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Life Threatening

The metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have both become global public health problems, with increasing social and economic impact due to their high prevalence and remarkable impact on morbidity and mortality. The causality between MS and CKD, and its clinical implications, still does remain not completely understood. Moreover, prophylactic and therapeutic interventions do need to be properly investigated in this field. Herein, we critically review the existing clinical evidence that associates MS with renal disease and cardiovascular disease, as well as the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms and actual treatment options.

Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease, and Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease in an Italian Cohort: Analysis of the INCIPE Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Antonio Lupo ◽  
Tewoldemedhn Yabarek ◽  
Maria Stella Graziani ◽  
Luciana Bonfante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Italian Cohort

scholarly journals Strategies for Controlling Blood Pressure and Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith C. Norris ◽  
Susanne B Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Ckd Stage

<p>Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and a high rate of premature CV morbidity and mortality. The confluence of CV risk factors, in the context of cardio-metabolic perturbations that vary as renal function declines, complicates strategies for the care of patients with CKD. Understanding the ex­isting evidence for effective CVD treatment strategies can help providers better care for these patients, navigate the complex treat­ment guidelines, which often differ across major organizations, and minimize the con­flicting recommendations that new studies may pose. A pragmatic approach is to target a BP &lt;140/90 mm Hg, which frequently requires more than two or three antihyper­tensive agents. Most guidelines recommend a combination of diuretic and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blockers, along with a dihydropyri­dine calcium channel blocker, beta blocker or other agent based on co-existing medical conditions. Consideration for a lower BP goal and/or other therapeutic interventions should be based on the etiology of CKD, stage of CKD, and/or presence of protein­uria. Finally, most patients with CKD, not on dialysis, would benefit from treatment with statins and non-pharmacologic lifestyle interventions should be promoted for all pa­tients with CKD. <em>Ethn Dis. </em>2015;25(4):515- 520; doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.515</p>

MAGNESIUM, “THE UNSUNG HERO”

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Deepti Avasthi ◽  
Edara Dharmakaruna ◽  
Salil Avasthi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Magnesium Metabolism

Magnesium participates in more than 600 enzymatic reactions in the body. Its role in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and pre-eclampsia is already well established. Magnesium`s role in preventive medicine is not very well described in medicine literature. We have carefully studied the pathophysiology of magnesium and explained its role in hypertension, chronic kidney disease, vascular calcication, metabolic syndrome and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Through this article we hope to add to the existing knowledge of magnesium metabolism, its role in cardiovascular pathology and potential benets of magnesium supplements on health.

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