MAGNESIUM, “THE UNSUNG HERO”

2021 ◽  
pp. 181-190
Author(s):  
Deepti Avasthi ◽  
Edara Dharmakaruna ◽  
Salil Avasthi
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Preventive Medicine ◽  
Cardiac Arrhythmias ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Cardiovascular Pathology ◽  
Magnesium Metabolism

Magnesium participates in more than 600 enzymatic reactions in the body. Its role in the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias and pre-eclampsia is already well established. Magnesium`s role in preventive medicine is not very well described in medicine literature. We have carefully studied the pathophysiology of magnesium and explained its role in hypertension, chronic kidney disease, vascular calcication, metabolic syndrome and mortality from cardiovascular disease. Through this article we hope to add to the existing knowledge of magnesium metabolism, its role in cardiovascular pathology and potential benets of magnesium supplements on health.

Hyperuricemia and Cardiovascular Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuangshuang Zhang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Jinsong Cheng ◽  
Ning Huangfu ◽  
Ruochi Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Positive Effects

Purine metabolism in the circulatory system yields uric acid as its final oxidation product, which is believed to be linked to the development of gout and kidney stones. Hyperuricemia is closely correlated with cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease, as attested by the epidemiological and empirical research. In this review, we summarize the recent knowledge about hyperuricemia, with a special focus on its physiology, epidemiology, and correlation with cardiovascular disease. This review also discusses the possible positive effects of treatment to reduce urate levels in patients with cardiovascular disease and hyperuricemia, which may lead to an improved clinical treatment plan.

CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTIC VALUE OF ADIPOKINES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Ya. M Fylenko
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

This review is devoted to the analysis of the role of adipokines in formation of pathological changes in renal function and structure. The patients with chronic kidney disease have a high risk of cardiovascular disease. Currently, the role of systemic hormonal and metabolic factors in the pathogenesis of the kidneys is growing. A promising area of pathogenetic prevention and treatment of kidney disease is an interdisciplinary approach, whereat the adipokine imbalance is of particular interest. Adipose tissue and its messengers, adipokines, are known to be highly associated with kidney disease. Adipocytes are metabolically active cells, producing the signaling lipids, metabolites and protein factors, i.e. adipokines. The interaction of adipose tissue with the kidney is called the adipose kidney axis, being important for the normal functioning of the body, as well as its response to an injury. It has a strong therapeutic potential in respect of the growing rates of chronic kidney disease. Adipocyte hypertrophy is often accompanied by the development of tissue fibrosis, hypoxia, and secretion of pro−inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor or interleukin, which triggers the cell inflammation). Dysfunction of adipose tissue contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease at the local and systemic levels. Thus, for the early diagnosis of chronic kidney disease into the diagnostic program, in addition to the generally accepted indices, the determination of adipokines: for example, serum leptin, adiponectin, omentin, visfatin, microalbuminuria, blood lipid spectrum, intrarenal and functional status of the kidneys with the assessment of functional renal reserve is recommended to be included. Early detection of the disease, new approaches to its diagnosis and treatment can help in reducing the risk of a high incidence and mortality from renal disease. Key words: chronic kidney disease, nephropathy, adipokines, leptin, resistin, adiponectin, visfatin, omentin.

scholarly journals Metabolic Syndrome, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Cardiovascular Disease: A Dynamic and Life-Threatening Triad

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário Raimundo ◽  
José António Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Life Threatening

The metabolic syndrome (MS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) have both become global public health problems, with increasing social and economic impact due to their high prevalence and remarkable impact on morbidity and mortality. The causality between MS and CKD, and its clinical implications, still does remain not completely understood. Moreover, prophylactic and therapeutic interventions do need to be properly investigated in this field. Herein, we critically review the existing clinical evidence that associates MS with renal disease and cardiovascular disease, as well as the associated pathophysiologic mechanisms and actual treatment options.

Metabolic Syndrome, Cardiovascular Disease, and Risk for Chronic Kidney Disease in an Italian Cohort: Analysis of the INCIPE Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pietro Manuel Ferraro ◽  
Antonio Lupo ◽  
Tewoldemedhn Yabarek ◽  
Maria Stella Graziani ◽  
Luciana Bonfante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cohort Analysis ◽  
Italian Cohort

scholarly journals Possible Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Chronic Kidney Disease in the Development of Cardiovascular Disease

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosaku Nitta
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Visceral Obesity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Lifestyle Modifications ◽  
Renal Protection

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a clinical syndrome that consists of visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and impaired insulin sensitivity. Although individual components of MetS have been implicated in the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD), few studies have examined the effect of combinations of the components of MetS on the development of CKD and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The prevalence of MetS is increasing worldwide in both developing and developed countries, and early detection and treatment of MetS would be a cost-effective strategy for preventing the development of CKD. Visceral obesity and insulin resistance are two important features of MetS that may be associated with renal damage. Lifestyle modifications, including caloric restriction and exercise, are necessary to treat MetS. Initial antihypertensive therapy should consist of an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker. An improved understanding of the mechanism responsible for the association between MetS and renal damage should be helpful in determining the treatment regimens directed at cardiovascular and renal protection.

Metabolic syndrome and risk of development of chronic kidney disease: the Niigata preventive medicine study

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Watanabe ◽  
Hiroaki Obata ◽  
Toru Watanabe ◽  
Shigeru Sasaki ◽  
Kojiro Nagai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Preventive Medicine

scholarly journals Chronic kidney disease and metabolic syndrome as risk factors for cardiovascular disease in a primary care program

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzana Greffin ◽  
Mauro Barros André ◽  
Jorge Paulo Strogoff de Matos ◽  
Hye Chung Kang ◽  
Antonio José Lagoeiro Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Primary Care Program
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