IDENTIFICATION OF AN AGGREGATION PHEROMONE FOR PITYOGENES HOPKINSI (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-963 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Birgersson ◽  
M.J. Dalusky ◽  
C.W. Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Field Bioassay ◽  
Component Mixture ◽  
Male Response ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Attack Phase ◽  
Pheromone Blend

AbstractThe aggregation pheromone of Pityogenes hopkinsi Swaine was identified; it is a three-component mixture, comprising chalcogran, cis-verbenol, and ethyl dodecanoate. Ethyl dodecanoate is new as a bark beetle pheromone component. Chemical analyses (GC–MS) were made on hindgut extracts from unmated and mated males and mated females collected in the field during colonization of Pinus strobus L. (Pinaceae). Aerations from the naturally colonized logs were also analyzed to quantify the released amounts of the pheromone components, a necessary preliminary step to making up biologically relevant doses for field bioassay. Beetles reared from infested host material in the laboratory were introduced into logs of P. strobus, and the production and release of pheromone components in relation to attack phase and "mating status" were described. In general, unmated males increased their production of chalcogran and ethyl dodecanoate until females were admitted, after which production ceased. A field subtractive bioassay showed that chalcogran was the key pheromone component, synergized by different compounds for the two sexes. Females exhibited their strongest response to a mixture of chalcogran and ethyl dodecanoate, whereas cis-verbenol was the synergist for male response. Male-produced 1-hexanol had an inhibitory effect on male attraction to the aggregation-pheromone blend.

Response to conspecific and heterospecific semiochemicals by Sesamia nonagrioides (L.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) gravid females

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cruz ◽  
M. Eizaguirre
Keyword(s):  
Minor Component ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Sesamia Nonagrioides ◽  
Sexual Pheromone ◽  
Electrophysiological Response ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Gravid Females ◽  
Electroantennogram Recordings ◽  
Pheromone Blend

AbstractThe Mediterranean corn borer, Sesamia nonagrioides, occurs sympatrically in the northeast of Spain with other lepidopteran pests such as Ostrinia nubilalis and Mythimna unipuncta. In this study, we evaluated the electrophysiological and behavioural response of mated and unmated females and males of S. nonagrioides to their own complete pheromone blend, to its own four components separately, and to the pheromone components of the sympatric species O. nubilalis and M. unipuncta. Results of the electroantennogram recordings revealed that females of S. nonagrioides can detect their own pheromone blend and its individual components. Moreover, our results show that unmated females and males of S. nonagrioides are more sensitive to the female pheromone, showing higher electrophysiological response than the mated females and males. Electroantennogram recordings showed that males and females can detect the major sexual pheromone component of O. nubilalis (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and the minor component of the pheromone of M. unipuncta (Z)-9-hexadecenyl acetate. When the sex pheromone stimulus was presented in the dual-choice assays, gravid females of S. nonagrioides were attracted to both their own complete pheromone blend and one of their own minor pheromone components, (Z)-11-hexadecenal, but the major sexual pheromone component of O. nubilalis acts as a behavioural antagonist to the females.

scholarly journals Pheromone Production, Attraction, and Interspecific Inhibition among Four Species ofIpsBark Beetles in the Southeastern USA

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Göran Birgersson ◽  
Mark J. Dalusky ◽  
Karl E. Espelie ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Pheromone Production ◽  
Field Bioassay ◽  
Southeastern Usa ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Potential Inhibitors ◽  
Trap Catches

Hindgut volatiles from attacking, unmated males ofIps avulsus, I. calligraphus, I. grandicollis, andI. piniwere analyzed by combined gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Based on the quantitative identifications of hindguts and subsequent individual aerations, baits were formulated and a combined species-specific subtractive field bioassay was set up for the four bark beetle species. The bioassays were subtractive for the compounds identified in the hindgut analysis of each species, and volatiles identified in sympatric species were added as potential inhibitors alone and in combination. The trap catches from this bioassay revealed strong interspecific inhibition. The subtractive assays showed thatI. grandicollisandI. calligraphusshare (–)-(4S)-cis-verbenol as one pheromone component, while their second, synergistic pheromone component, (–)-(S)-ipsenol inI. grandicollisand (±)-ipsdienol inI. calligraphus, acts as an interspecific inhibitor to the other species.I. avulsusandI. piniwere found to have very similar production of hindgut volatiles, and both use ipsdienol and lanierone as synergistic pheromone components. No beetle-produced interspecific inhibitor was identified between these two species. Lanierone was found to be an interspecific inhibitor for bothI. calligraphusandI. grandicollis.

scholarly journals Role of plant volatiles and hetero-specific pheromone components in the wind tunnel response of male Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) to modified sex pheromone blends

2017 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ammagarahalli ◽  
L. Chianella ◽  
P. Gomes ◽  
C. Gemeno
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Pheromone Response ◽  
Grapholita Molesta ◽  
Male Response ◽  
Blend Ratio ◽  
Pheromone Blends ◽  
Pheromone Blend

AbstractFemale Grapholita molesta (Busck) release a pheromone blend composed of two stereoisomeric acetates (Z8-12:Ac and E8-12:Ac), which in a 100:6 ratio stimulate maximum conspecific male approach. Z8-12:OH is described as a third pheromone component that increases responses to the acetate blend. Departures from the optimal pheromone blend ratio, or too high or low pheromone doses of the optimal blend ratio, result in lower male response. In a previous study, we show that plant volatiles synergize male response to a suboptimal-low pheromone concentration. In the present study, we show that the plant blend does not synergize male response to a suboptimal-high pheromone dose. The plant blend, however, synergized male response to pheromone blends containing unnatural Z:E-acetate isomer ratios. We revisited the role of alcohols in the pheromone response of G. molesta by replacing Z8-12:OH with conspecific and heterospecific pheromone alcohols or with plant odors. Codlemone, the alcohol sex pheromone of Cydia pomonella L., E8, E10-12:OH, did supplant the role of Z8-12:OH, and so did the plant volatile blend. Dodecenol (12:OH), which has been described as a fourth pheromone component of G. molesta, also increased responses, but not as much as Z8-12:OH, codlemone or the plant blend. Our results reveal new functions for plant volatiles on moth sex pheromone response under laboratory conditions, and shed new light on the role of alcohol ingredients in the pheromone blend of G. molesta.

Coincident Stimulation With Pheromone Components Improves Temporal Pattern Resolution in Central Olfactory Neurons

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Christensen ◽  
John G. Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Stimulus Duration ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Temporal Pattern ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Projection Neurons ◽  
Inhibitory Input ◽  
Olfactory Neurons ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Pattern Resolution

Christensen, Thomas A. and John G. Hildebrand. Coincident stimulation with pheromone components improves temporal pattern resolution in central olfactory neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 775–781, 1997. Male moths must detect and resolve temporal discontinuities in the sex pheromonal odor signal emitted by a conspecific female moth to orient to and locate the odor source. We asked how sensory information about two key components of the pheromone influences the ability of certain sexually dimorphic projection (output) neurons in the primary olfactory center of the male moth's brain to encode the frequency and duration of discrete pulses of pheromone blends. Most of the male-specific projection neurons examined gave mixed postsynaptic responses, consisting of an early suppressive phase followed by activation of firing, to stimulation of the ipsilateral antenna with a blend of the two behaviorally essential pheromone components. Of 39 neurons tested, 33 were excited by the principal (most abundant) pheromone component but inhibited by another, less abundant but nevertheless essential component of the blend. We tested the ability of each neuron to encode intermittent pheromonal stimuli by delivering trains of 50-ms pulses of the two-component blend at progressively higher rates from 1 to 10 per second. There was a strong correlation between 1) the amplitude of the early inhibitory postsynaptic potential evoked by the second pheromone component and 2) the maximal rate of odor pulses that neuron could resolve ( r = 0.92). Projection neurons receiving stronger inhibitory input encoded the temporal pattern of the stimulus with higher fidelity. With the principal, excitatory component of the pheromone alone as the stimulus, the dynamic range for encoding stimulus intermittency was reduced in nearly 60% of the neurons tested. The greatest reductions were observed in those neurons that could be shown to receive the strongest inhibitory input from the second behaviorally essential component of the blend. We also tested the ability of these neurons to encode stimulus duration. Again there was a strong correlation between the strength of the inhibitory input to a neuron mediated by the second pheromone component and that neuron's ability to encode stimulus duration. Neurons that were strongly inhibited by the second component could accurately encode pulses of the blend from 50 to 500 ms in duration ( r = 0.94), but that ability was reduced in neurons receiving little or no inhibitory input ( r = 0.23). This study confirms that certain olfactory projection neurons respond optimally to a particular odor blend rather than to the individual components of the blend. The key components activate opposing synaptic inputs that enable this subset of central neurons to copy the duration and frequency of intermittent odor pulses that are a fundamental feature of airborne olfactory stimuli.

Identification Of Sex Pheromone Components Of The Painted Apple Moth: A Tussock Moth With A Thermally Labile Pheromone Component

2005 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 621-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. El-Sayed ◽  
A. R. Gibb ◽  
D. M. Suckling ◽  
B. Bunn ◽  
S. Fielder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Tussock Moth ◽  
Sex Pheromone Components ◽  
Pheromone Components

Response of Dryocoetes confusus and D. autographus (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) to enantiospecific pheromone baits

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.L. Jeans Williams ◽  
J.H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Pheromone Component ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Dryocoetes Confusus

AbstractIn past field studies, the greatest response of western balsam bark beetles, Dryocoetes confusus Swaine, to traps was obtained with blends of (+)-exo-brevicomin and (+)- or (±)-endo-brevicomin, which imitate the natural male-produced aggregation pheromone. We conducted a trapping experiment comparing low-release enanti ospecific blends (9:1 (+)-exo-brevicomin:(+)-endo-brevicomin or 9:2 (+)-exo-brevicomin:(±)-endo-brevicomin released at 0.3, 0.1, or 0.03 mg per day) with the standard commercial (±)-exo-brevicomin bait released at 1.2 mg per day. Multiple-funnel traps baited with the experimental blends caught more D. confusus than the unbaited traps, but only traps with the 9:2 (+):(±) blend released at 0.3 and 0.03 mg per day caught significantly more male and female beetles than those baited with the standard bait. Thus, trap sensitivity can be improved with the addition of (±)-endo-brevicomin. The sympatric bark beetle D. autographus Ratzeburg was captured in significant numbers in traps baited with (±)-exo-brevicomin. A subsequent trapping experiment showed that D. autographus responded to (+)- or (±)-exo-brevicomin, but not to (−)-exo-brevicomin, suggesting that (+)-exo-brevicomin is the principal aggregation pheromone component in this species.

Isolation, identification, synthesis, and bioefficacy of female Diacrisia obliqua (Arctiidae) sex pheromone blend. An Indian agricultural pest

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Yadav ◽  
M. Y. Valli ◽  
A. R. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Female Sex Pheromone ◽  
Wittig Olefination ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Diacrisia Obliqua ◽  
Seed Crops ◽  
Key Steps ◽  
Sex Pheromone Blend ◽  
Pheromone Blend ◽  
Oil Seed Crops

Diacrisia obliqua is a polyphagous pest especially on oil seed crops. Adult female sex pheromone blend consists of five pheromone components, which include (3Z,6Z)-cis-9,10-epoxyl,3,6-henicosatriene and (3Z,6Z)-cis-9,10-epoxy3,6-henicosadiene. Synthesis of these enantiomers was achieved through alkylative epoxide rearrangement and stereoselective Wittig olefination reactions as key steps. Bioefficacy experiments both at laboratory and minifield were very positive.

ATTRACTION OF LASCONOTUS INTRICATUS KRAUS. (COLEOPTERA: COLYDIIDAE) TO THE AGGREGATION PHEROMONE OF THE FOUR-EYED SPRUCE BARK BEETLE, POLYGRAPHUS RUFIPENNIS (KIRBY) (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1992 ◽  
Vol 124 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.W. Bowers ◽  
J.H. Borden
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Host Finding ◽  
Bornyl Acetate ◽  
Spruce Bark Beetle ◽  
Spruce Bark ◽  
High Degree

AbstractThe cylindrical bark beetle, Lasconotus intricatus Kraus., is attracted to multiple-funnel traps baited either with black spruce logs infested with male four-eyed spruce bark beetles, Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby), or the male-produced aggregation pheromone, 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol. The addition of the host terpenes, bornyl acetate and β-pinene, to 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol reduced the attraction of L. intricatus. 3-Carene, myrcene, and α-pinene appeared to have a partial inhibitory effect. Catches in spring and summer disclosed a high degree of temporal coincidence between the two species. We hypothesize that L. intricatus utilizes the aggregation pheromone of P. rufipennis as a host-finding kairomone.

scholarly journals Bark Beetles,Pityogenes bidentatus, Orienting to Aggregation Pheromone Avoid Conifer Monoterpene Odors When Flying but Not When Walking

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Byers
Keyword(s):  
Picea Abies ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Aggregation Pheromone ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Slow Rotation ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Release Rates ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Pheromone Components ◽  
Males And Females

Previous studies and data presented here suggest that odors from healthy host Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris) and nonhost Norway spruce (Picea abies), as well as major monoterpenes of these trees at natural release rates, significantly reduce the attraction of flying bark beetles,Pityogenes bidentatus, of both sexes to their aggregation pheromone components grandisol andcis-verbenol in the field, as tested by slow rotation of trap pairs. In contrast,P. bidentatusmales and females walking in an open-arena olfactometer in the laboratory did not avoid monoterpene vapors at release rates spanning several orders of magnitude in combination with aggregation pheromone. The bark beetle may avoid monoterpenes when flying as a mechanism for avoiding nonhost species, vigorous and thus unsuitable host trees, as well as harmful resinous areas of hosts. Inhibition of this flight avoidance response in beetles after landing would allow them to initiate, or to find and enter, gallery holes with high monoterpene vapor concentrations in order to feed and reproduce.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document