DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS FOUND IN GRANARY RESIDUES IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Smith ◽  
P.S. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Stored Product Insects ◽  
Product Species ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractA distribution study of stored-product and other insects in unswept, empty farm granaries was conducted in Manitoba in 1981, in Saskatchewan in 1982, and in Alberta in 1984.Thirteen species of stored-product insects were found in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and 12 in Alberta, indicating uniform geographical distribution among the number of pest species throughout the prairies. The most common was Tribolium audax Halstead, followed by Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Tenebrio molitor L. Nine fungus-feeding species were found in Manitoba, 12 in Saskatchewan, and 12 in Alberta. The most common fungus feeders were Lathridius minutus (L.), Corticarina cavicollis Mann., Cryptophagus varus W.&C., and Corticaria serrata (Paykull). Five non-stored product species of insects that were scavengers, predators, or were sheltering in the granaries were found in Manitoba, 31 in Saskatchewan, and 10 in Alberta.The distribution of six stored-product species, two fungus-feeding species, and one scavenger did not show a uniform abundance in the three prairie provinces, either in their distribution on farms or in granaries.

INFLUENCE OF GRANARY TYPE AND FARM PRACTICES ON THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF INSECTS IN GRANARY RESIDUES

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Barker ◽  
L.B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Product Species ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractThe abundance of nine stored-product species found in crop residues in farm granaries in the Prairie Provinces was influenced by farm practices, kinds of crops stored in the granaries, and the materials used in the construction of the granaries.Some species were found more frequently than expected on farms where there had been previous infestations (Pyralis farinalis L.), or where there was livestock (Cryptolestes ferrugineus [Stephens]).Fewer samples than expected were found infested with Cryptophagus varus (W. & C.), where insecticidal sprays were used, but more C. ferrugineus than expected were found where fumigants or insecticidal sprays were used.Fewer samples of canola residues than expected contained insects, but barley residues contained more insects than expected.Wooden granaries contained more insects than expected, except for C. ferrugineus.Cole’s coefficient of association showed that some species were often associated but other pairs of species such as Tribolium audax Halstead and Lathridius minutus L. were negatively associated.These relationships between species and their environments can be used to reduce the abundance of stored-products insects in farm granaries.

INFESTIBILITY OF OILSEEDS, CLOVER, AND MILLET BY STORED-PRODUCT INSECTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. SINHA
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Potential Danger ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Stored Product Insects ◽  
Oryzaephilus Mercator ◽  
Insect Attack ◽  
New Pest

Infestation potential of 16 cultivars of flax, mustard, rape, sunflower, millet, and clover seeds to five common species of stored-product insects was determined. When multiplication was used as a criterion, whole seeds were resistant to insect attack although minor infestation occurred on certain cultivars. Although some species of insects could complete development on certain cultivars, few could reproduce well on clover and mustard cultivars. Oilseeds were more susceptible to Oryzaephilus mercator than to any other insect species. Cryptolestes ferrugineus, which thrived on the millet cultivars Crown and Siberian, neither reproduced nor completed development on any of the oilseed and forage cultivars. All cultivars of crushed Noralta, Raja, and Redwood flax were susceptible to: O. mercator, O. surinamensis, and Tribolium castaneum; Echo and Target rape only to O. mercator; Armavirec, Krasnodarets, Mennonite, and Peredovic sunflowers to all insects except C. ferrugineus; and Crown and Siberian millet to all insects. Tribolium confusum reproduced only on sunflower and millet cultivars. The potential danger of stored oilseeds in Western Canada from a new pest, O. mercator, was evaluated.

EFFECT OF TWO INSECT VIRUSES AND TWO ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI ON LARVAL AND PUPAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE ALFALFA LEAFCUTTING BEE, MEGACHILE ROTUNDATA (FAB.) (HYMENOPTERA: MEGACHILIDAE)

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1040 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.W. Goerzen ◽  
M.A. Erlandson ◽  
K.C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Megachile Rotundata ◽  
Pupal Development ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Alfalfa Seed ◽  
Beneficial Insect

The alfalfa leafcutting bee, Megachile rotundata (Fab.), is an important pollinator of alfalfa in western Canada and is widely utilized for alfalfa seed production (Richards 1984). As a beneficial insect, the alfalfa leafcutting bee must be considered, along with the honey bee, Apis mellifera L., as a non-target organism of importance in evaluations of potential microbial control agents for use against major insect pest species on the Canadian prairies.

scholarly journals Marked Disparity in the Epidemiology of Tuberculosis among Aboriginal Peoples on the Canadian Prairies: the Challenges and Opportunities

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Long ◽  
Vernon Hoeppner ◽  
Pamela Orr ◽  
Martha Ainslie ◽  
Malcolm King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Aboriginal Peoples ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Marked Disparity ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Adjusted Incidence ◽  
Prairie Provinces

BACKGROUND: While it is established that Aboriginal peoples in the prairie provinces of Canada are disproportionately affected by tuberculosis (TB), little is known about the epidemiology of TB either within or across provincial borders.METHODS: Provincial reporting systems for TB, Statistics Canada censuses and population estimates of Registered Indians provided by Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada were used to estimate the overall (2004 to 2008) and pulmonary (2007 to 2008) TB rates in the prairie provinces. The place of residence at diagnosis of pulmonary TB cases in 2007 to 2008 was also documented.RESULTS: The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of TB in Registered Indians was 52.6 per 100,000 person-years, 38 times higher than in Canadian-born ‘others’. Incidence rates in Registered Indians were highest in Manitoba and lowest in Alberta. In Alberta and Saskatchewan, on-reserve rates were more than twice that of off-reserve rates. Rates in the Métis and Registered Indians were similar in Saskatchewan (50.0 and 52.2 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). In 2007 to 2008, approximately 90% of Canadian-born pulmonary TB cases in the prairie provinces were Aboriginal. Outside of one metropolitan area (Winnipeg, Manitoba), most Registered Indian and Métis pulmonary TB cases were concentrated in a relatively small number of communities north of the 53rd parallel. Rates of pulmonary TB in 11 of these communities were >300 per 100,000 person-years. In Manitoba, 49% of off-reserve Registered Indian pulmonary cases were linked to high-incidence reserve communities.INTERPRETATION: The epidemiology of TB among Aboriginal peoples on the Canadian prairies is markedly disparate. Pulmonary TB is highly focal, which is both a concern and an opportunity.

THE BIOLOGY OF CANADIAN WEEDS.: 91. Malva pusilla Sm. (= M. rotundifolia L.)

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 861-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTE M. D. MAKOWSKI ◽  
IAN N. MORRISON
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Weed Biology ◽  
Field Crops ◽  
Plant Growth Form ◽  
Malva Parviflora ◽  
Prairie Provinces

This account provides information on the biology of round-leaved mallow, Malva pusilla Sm. (= M. rotundifolia L.). Primarily a weed of gardens and waste places, it has recently become troublesome in field crops causing yield losses of up to 90% in flax and lentil and up to 30% in wheat. Introduced from Eurasia, it is common mainly in the prairie provinces. Although often confused with two other weedy mallows, M. neglecta Wallr. and M. parviflora L., it has a different geographical distribution and can easily be distinguished by its short petals with bearded claws. Malva pusilla propagates by seed which are impermeable to water, exhibiting low germination unless scarified, and therefore capable of remaining dormant for long periods. Plant growth form varies greatly with competition. Round-leaved mallow is difficult to control chemically, but it can be effectively controlled with a fungus which is being developed as a commercial bioherbicide.Key words: Malva neglecta, Malva parviflora, Round-leaved mallow, weed biology

scholarly journals Prevalence of Wolbachia in 10 Tenebrionidae stored product insects and infection density dynamics in confused flour beetle Tribolium confusum (Jaquelin Du Val) (Coleoptera: Tenebriondae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yujie Lu ◽  
Shiyuan Miao ◽  
Zhengyan Wang ◽  
Sibao Wang ◽  
Chenguang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Treatment ◽  
Tribolium Confusum ◽  
Taqman Probe ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Stored Product Insects ◽  
Fitness Parameters ◽  
Infection Density ◽  
Confused Flour Beetle

Background: Increasingly interests in the potential use of insect symbionts Wolbachia to control populations of pest species were focused on many vector pest species and agricultural insects. However, few pieces of researches were reported in stored product insects. Methods: We surveyed the prevalence of Wolbachia using a PCR detection method in 10 Tenebrionidae stored product insects. Subsequently, Wolbachia infection density and spatiotemporal dynamics in Tribolium confusum were investigated in detail by TaqMan probe real-time quantitative PCR, and Wolbachia elimination patterns by antibiotic treatment and host reproductive fitness parameters were compared. Results: Our results identified that T. confusum were the only infected species in the survey. Wolbachia infection density consistently increased with the development of T.confusum and plateaued at 3.7×107 wsp copies per individual insect at the young adult stage. Wolbachia densities in females showed significant differences to the male at the pupae stage and varied in different tissues and organs.Aposymbiotic female beetles by feeding with Tetracycline diet were completely incapable to produce mature progenies when crossing with Wolbachia infected males. Embryogenesis and egg hatch rate were specifically inhibited after Wolbachia elimination, while other traits including egg produced numbers, pupation rate and sex ratio remained unaffected after antibiotic treatment. Discussion: All the results indicated that Wolbachia infection was regarded as a mutualism but not obligate symbiont and benefited the host confused flour beetle.

scholarly journals Survey of insect pests of stored grain in New Zealand

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
R.B. Chapman ◽  
J.W.M. Marris ◽  
J.B. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Storage Facilities

Producers and processors of cereal grains in New Zealand were invited in August 2015 to submit grain samples to allow extraction and identification of any insect pest species present Sixty grain samples were received of which 73 were infested with one or more insect species These were predominantly Coleoptera and Psocoptera The most frequently encountered beetle species were Oryzaephilus surinamensis Cryptolestes ferrugineus and Cortinicara hirtalis The Psocoptera were predominantly unidentified species of Liposcelis Sitophilus species and lepidopteran pests were notable by their absence The proportion of storage facilities infested by insects in this survey (73) was higher than two previous surveys (38 5063) and the proportion of storage facilities treated with insecticides (62) was lower than a previous survey (83)

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WET GRAIN, CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE) POPULATIONS, AND HEATING IN WHEAT STORED IN GRANARIES

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Western Canada ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractWater added to stored wheat in the Prairie Provinces of western Canada promotes heating in the autumn and early winter. A rapid increase in a population of C. ferrugineus (Stephens) where the wheat was wet occurred after heating began and was, therefore, a consequence of the heating and not a cause.

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