INFLUENCE OF GRANARY TYPE AND FARM PRACTICES ON THE RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF INSECTS IN GRANARY RESIDUES

1990 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S. Barker ◽  
L.B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Product Species ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractThe abundance of nine stored-product species found in crop residues in farm granaries in the Prairie Provinces was influenced by farm practices, kinds of crops stored in the granaries, and the materials used in the construction of the granaries.Some species were found more frequently than expected on farms where there had been previous infestations (Pyralis farinalis L.), or where there was livestock (Cryptolestes ferrugineus [Stephens]).Fewer samples than expected were found infested with Cryptophagus varus (W. & C.), where insecticidal sprays were used, but more C. ferrugineus than expected were found where fumigants or insecticidal sprays were used.Fewer samples of canola residues than expected contained insects, but barley residues contained more insects than expected.Wooden granaries contained more insects than expected, except for C. ferrugineus.Cole’s coefficient of association showed that some species were often associated but other pairs of species such as Tribolium audax Halstead and Lathridius minutus L. were negatively associated.These relationships between species and their environments can be used to reduce the abundance of stored-products insects in farm granaries.

DISTRIBUTION OF INSECTS FOUND IN GRANARY RESIDUES IN THE CANADIAN PRAIRIES

1987 ◽  
Vol 119 (10) ◽  
pp. 873-880 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.B. Smith ◽  
P.S. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Canadian Prairies ◽  
Distribution Study ◽  
Stored Product Insects ◽  
Product Species ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractA distribution study of stored-product and other insects in unswept, empty farm granaries was conducted in Manitoba in 1981, in Saskatchewan in 1982, and in Alberta in 1984.Thirteen species of stored-product insects were found in Manitoba and Saskatchewan and 12 in Alberta, indicating uniform geographical distribution among the number of pest species throughout the prairies. The most common was Tribolium audax Halstead, followed by Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and Tenebrio molitor L. Nine fungus-feeding species were found in Manitoba, 12 in Saskatchewan, and 12 in Alberta. The most common fungus feeders were Lathridius minutus (L.), Corticarina cavicollis Mann., Cryptophagus varus W.&C., and Corticaria serrata (Paykull). Five non-stored product species of insects that were scavengers, predators, or were sheltering in the granaries were found in Manitoba, 31 in Saskatchewan, and 10 in Alberta.The distribution of six stored-product species, two fungus-feeding species, and one scavenger did not show a uniform abundance in the three prairie provinces, either in their distribution on farms or in granaries.

scholarly journals Serra da Estrela PDO Cheese Microbiome as Revealed by Next Generation Sequencing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2007
Author(s):  
Rui Rocha ◽  
Manuela Vaz Velho ◽  
Joana Santos ◽  
Paulo Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Next Generation Sequencing ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Characterization Study ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Serra Da Estrela ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Serra da Estrela PDO cheese is the oldest traditional cheese manufactured in Portugal. In this work, its microbiome as well as the main raw materials used in cheese production, raw ewes’ milk and thistle flowers (Cynara cardunculus L.), were characterized using next generation sequencing. Samples were accordingly retrieved from a local producer over two consecutive production campaigns and at different time periods within each campaign. The bacterial and fungi communities associated with each matrix were accessed through sequencing of V3−V4 and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2 regions of rRNA gene amplicons, respectively. A high microbial diversity was found associated to each matrix, differing significantly (p < 0.05) from each other. Over 500 taxa were identified in each analyzed matrix, ranging from dominant (relative abundance > 1%), sub-dominant (0.01−1%) and rare taxa (<0.01%). Specifically, in cheese, 30 taxa were present in all analyzed samples (core taxa), including species of Leuconostoc spp. and Lactococcus spp. for bacteria and Candida spp., Debaryomyces spp. and Yarrowia spp. for fungi, that were cumulatively the most prevalent genera in Serra da Estrela PDO cheese (average relative abundance ≥10%). Ultimately, this characterization study may contribute to a better understanding of the microbial dynamics of this traditional PDO product, namely the influence of raw materials on cheese microbiome, and could assist producers interested in preserving the identity, quality and safety of Serra da Estrela PDO cheese.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Greek Diatomaceous Earth for Stored Product Insect Control and Techniques That Maximize Its Insecticidal Efficacy

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (18) ◽  
pp. 6441
Author(s):  
Georgia V. Baliota ◽  
Christos G. Athanassiou
Keyword(s):  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Stored Products ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insecticidal Efficacy ◽  
Confused Flour Beetle ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the insecticidal efficacy of a diatomaceous earth deposit from Greece, for a wide range of stored product insects. In this context, populations of five different insect species, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin DuVal, the confused flour beetle; Sitophilus oryzae (L.), the rice weevil; Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), the lesser grain borer; Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), the sawtoothed grain beetle; Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), the rusty grain beetle, which cover a major spectrum of insects species of stored products worldwide, were used in the bioassays. The different treatment of diatomaceous earth (DE) rocks (grinding, diatomaceous enrichment, powder granulometry) led to the creation of five types of formulations (namely DE1, DE2, DE3, DE5 and DE6) that exhibited significant fluctuations in their insecticidal efficacy when applied on wheat. In general, some of the modified formulations were found to be very effective against species such as R. dominica and T. confusum that may be difficult to control at the current labeled doses of commercial DE formulations. Overall, our data clearly indicate that this specific Greek deposit has considerable insecticidal properties, which can be further utilized in designing commercial formulations for insect control at the postharvest stages of durable agricultural commodities, provided that the deposit will be modified at specific enrichment and granulometry levels.

scholarly journals The Bacterial Gut Microbiota of Schoolchildren from High and Low Socioeconomic Status: A Study in an Urban Area of Makassar, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 961
Author(s):  
Aldian I. Amaruddin ◽  
Firdaus Hamid ◽  
Jan Pieter R. Koopman ◽  
Munawir Muhammad ◽  
Eric A.T. Brienen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Low Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Core Microbiota ◽  
Main Driver

To understand the relationship between the gut microbiota and the health profile of Indonesians, it is important to elucidate the characteristics of the bacterial communities that prevail in this population. To this end, we profiled the faecal bacterial community of 140 Indonesian schoolchildren in urban Makassar. The core microbiota of Indonesian schoolchildren consisted of Bifidobacterium, Collinsella, and multiple members of the Lachnospiraceae and Ruminicoccaceae families, but the relative abundance of these taxa varied greatly among children. Socioeconomic status (SES) was the main driver for differences in microbiota composition. Multiple bacterial genera were differentially abundant between high and low SES children, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Escherichia-Shigella. In addition, the microbiota of high SES children was less diverse and strongly associated with body mass index (BMI). In low SES children, helminth infection was prevalent and positively associated with Olsenella, Enterohabdus, Lactobacillus, and Mogibacterium abundance, while negatively associated with relative abundance of Prevotella. Protozoa infection was also prevalent, and positively associated with Rikenellaceae, while it was negatively associated with the relative abundance of Romboutsia and Prevotella. In conclusion, Indonesian schoolchildren living in urban Makassar share a core microbiota, but their microbiota varies in diversity and relative abundance of specific bacterial taxa depending on socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and intestinal parasites infection.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WET GRAIN, CRYPTOLESTES FERRUGINEUS (COLEOPTERA: CUCUJIDAE) POPULATIONS, AND HEATING IN WHEAT STORED IN GRANARIES

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 1383-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Western Canada ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Stored Wheat ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Prairie Provinces

AbstractWater added to stored wheat in the Prairie Provinces of western Canada promotes heating in the autumn and early winter. A rapid increase in a population of C. ferrugineus (Stephens) where the wheat was wet occurred after heating began and was, therefore, a consequence of the heating and not a cause.

scholarly journals Calendars of the Serbian early 15™ century manuscripts

2006 ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatjana Subotin-Golubovic
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Text Collections ◽  
New Type ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Serbian Academy

Within the corpus of Byzantine manuscripts, a prominent place is occupied by synaxaria, collections of texts in which hagiographic material is arranged according to the calendar order. The differences among such collections are to be noted in the structure, composition and size of the texts included. The existence of text collections in which early hagiographies are compiled and partly codified can be traced back into the 6th to 7th centuries. The principle center of agglomeration and codification of this type of materials used to be Constantinople. The older type synaxaria, known as prolog in Slavonic tradition, authored by Constantin from Mokissa, have been preserved in relatively large numbers of Southern Slavic transcripts. The prologs of the newer type, the so called "verse prologs" (regularly preceded by a few short verses), might have been translated, according to the opinion of D. Bogdanovic, as early as the end of the 13th century, and in the Serbian environment. This opinion is corroborated by the fact that the oldest hitherto preserved prologs of this type, dating from the 14th century, were written in the Serbian redaction of Old Church Slavonic. Bogdanovic's studies of prologs is based on manuscripts from the monastery of Decani. A relative abundance of verse prologs is treasured in the library of the monastery of Chilandar. Introduction of the new type of prolog has undoubtedly been caused by the introduction of the Jerusalem typicon into the liturgical practice of the Serbian church. Occasionally, hagiographic texts used to be inserted into menaion acolouthia after the sixth ode of the canon. Presently the oldest Serbian menaion containing hagiographies of the new type is the MS nr. 11 from the Archives of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, written sometime around 1400 A.D. Thus menaia also include multiply augmented hagiographic materials. The comparative analysis of prologs and menaia for the months of July (MS Decani 53, Pec 42, Chilandar 426) and August (Decani 43, Pec 42, Decani 53) has shown that texts from verse prologs used to be incorporated into menaia practically unaltered .

Effects of cold-acclimation on supercooling and survival of the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) (Coleoptera: Cucujidae), at subzero temperatures

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Cryptolestes Ferrugineus ◽  
Supercooling Point ◽  
Subzero Temperatures ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Prairie Provinces

The survival of non-acclimated adults and large larvae (third and fourth instar) of Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) was found to be greater than that of pupae, small larvae (first instar), and eggs at −12°, −6°, and 2 °C. The effect of acclimation on adult survival at subfreezing temperatures was determined. Different degrees of acclimation were achieved by exposing adults for different periods of time at 15 °C. At −6° and −12 °C adult survival increased as the time of acclimation increased. The LT50 of acclimated adults increased as much as nine times at − 6 °C and 56 times at −12 °C compared to the LT50 of non-acclimated adults. The supercooling point of adults was lowered from −16.5 °C for non-acclimated adults to − 20 °C for adults acclimated at 15 °C and to −21 °C for adults acclimated at 15° and then 4 °C. It is suggested that C. ferrugineus is able to survive the winter in unheated granaries in the Prairie Provinces mainly because of its ability to acclimate to low temperatures.

The gut mycobiome composition is linked to carotid atherosclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Chacón ◽  
J. Lozano-Bartolomé ◽  
M. Portero-Otín ◽  
M.M. Rodríguez ◽  
G. Xifra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Obese Subjects

The mycobiotic component of the microbiota comprises an integral, yet under-researched, part of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we present a preliminary study of the possible contribution of gut mycobiota to sub-clinical atherosclerosis in a well-characterised group of obese and non-obese subjects in association with the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT). From all taxa identified, the relative abundance of the phylum Zygomycota, comprising the family Mucoraceae and genus Mucor, was negatively associated with cIMT and this association remained significant after controlling for false discovery rate. Obese subjects with detectable Mucor spp. had a similar cardiovascular risk profile as non-obese subjects. Interestingly, the relative abundance of Mucor racemosus was negatively associated both with FRS and cIMT. Partial least square discriminant analyses modelling, evaluating the potential relevance of gut mycobiota in patients stratified by mean values of cIMT, showed that even a 1 component model had a high accuracy (0.789), with a high R2 value (0.51). Variable importance in projection scores showed that M. racemosus abundance had the same impact in the model as waist-to-hip ratio, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting triglycerides or fasting glucose, suggesting that M. racemosus relative abundance in the gut may be a relevant biomarker for cardiovascular risk.

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