THE AERIAL APHID PLANKTON OVER THE RESEARCH STATION, FREDERICTON, NEW BRUNSWICK, 1967–1969

1976 ◽  
Vol 108 (10) ◽  
pp. 1069-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Adams ◽  
M. E. Drew ◽  
M. E. MacGillivray
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Potential Development ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
Air Passage

AbstractGauze covers placed over the entrance of one air intake louver (1.52 m × 1.52 m, ht. 11.85 m, air passage 3055.8 cu.m/min) on the penthouse of the Research Station, from May until December, during a 3-year period, trapped more than 150 aphid species. In addition a considerable amount of intercepted aphid material was identified to genus only. A total of 31,482 specimens were trapped over the period.Five species, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus), Mindarus abietinus Koch, Alhis craccae Linnaeus, and Capitophorus eleagni (del Guercio), predominated in all years. In 1967 and 1968 more than 100 specimens each of Pterocallis alnifoliae (Fitch), Tinocallis ulmifolii Monell, Myzocallis occultus Richards, Prociphilus americanus (Walker), Capitophorus hippophaes (Walker), Hayhurstia atriplicis (Linnaeus), Thuleaphis rumexicolens (Patch), and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were trapped each year.Once potential development temperatures were reached there was little correlation between mean temperatures and aphid numbers up until frost.The earliest interception was 6 May; general dispersal was under way by 6 June and continued until late November, despite preceding October frost.

GRAIN APHIDS IN NEW BRUNSWICK: II. COMPARATIVE DEVELOPMENT IN THE GREENHOUSE OF THREE APHID SPECIES ON FOUR KINDS OF GRASSES

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Adams ◽  
Margaret E. Drew
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Comparative Development ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Length Of Life

The development of three grain-infesting aphids, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.), and Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), was studied on four members of the Gramineae: Avena, Triticum, Hordeum, and Poa, in the greenhouse. Wingless R. padi developed most rapidly irrespective of host. In general, winged forms took longer to mature than wingless forms of all species except R. maidis on Avena. Hordeum was the preferred host of all species and on this host R. padi produced per adult 59 nymphs, R. maidis 49, and M. avenae 37. The mean length of life of all species on all hosts was 28.8 days but wide variations occurred on different hosts. Neither R. padi nor R. maidis accepted Poa, nor did R. maidis survive on Triticum under our conditions.

scholarly journals Diversidade de afídeos na cultura do algodoeiro no município de Campo Verde (MT)

Bragantia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Doniseti Michelotto ◽  
Antonio Carlos Busoli
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Aphis Spiraecola ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Sipha Flava ◽  
Pentalonia Nigronervosa

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a diversidade de afídeos (Hemiptera: Aphididae) na cultura do algodoeiro (Gossypium hirsutum L.) no município de Campo Verde (MT). Os afídeos foram amostrados diretamente nas plantas e através de armadilhas tipo Moericke. As amostragens foram realizadas a cada dois dias, até 60 dias após a germinação das plantas. A espécie Aphis gossypii Glover prevaleceu nas amostragens realizadas sobre as plantas. Formas aladas, de ocorrência acidental na cultura, tais como Aphis spiraecola Patch e Rhopalosiphum padi (Linnaeus) também foram observadas. Com as armadilhas tipo Moericke foram capturados 2280 afídeos alados, pertencentes a 13 espécies: R. padi (52,6% do total), A. spiraecola (26,4%), A. gossypii (8,9%), Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) (5,3%), Geopemphigus floccosus (Moreira) (3,1%), Uroleucon ambrosiae (Thomas) (1,5%), Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominalis (Sasaki) (1,3%), Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (0,4%), Sipha flava (Forbes) (0,3%), Pentalonia nigronervosa Coquerel, Tetraneura nigriabdominalis (Sasaki), Lizerius melanocallis (Quednau) e Toxoptera citricidus (Kirkaldy) (0,1% cada uma). Nas amostragens diretamente sobre as plantas foram observados ápteros e alados de A. gossypii e alados de A. spiraecola e R. padi. Nas armadilhas tipo Moericke, as principais espécies capturadas foram R. padi, A. spiraecola, A. gossypii e R. maidis.

GRAIN APHIDS IN NEW BRUNSWICK: I. FIELD DEVELOPMENT ON OATS

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 735-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Adams ◽  
Margaret E. Drew
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Field Development

Commonly three species of aphids infest oats in New Brunswick, Canada. These aphids are Rhopalosiphum padi (L.), Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.), and Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch), named in the order of their abundance. Over a 5-year period (1959–1963 incl.) infestations varied from peaks of less than 1 aphid to 250 aphids per tiller. The aphids infested the crop for approximately 7 weeks, from the time the plants were 3 in. high until the panicles had emerged. When the panicle stage was reached (normally in the fourth or fifth week of the infestation), a winged generation of aphids developed and dispersed from the oats, resulting in an abrupt decline in the population.

scholarly journals Plum Pox in North America: Identification of Aphid Vectors and a Potential Role for Fruit in Virus Spread

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 868-874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Gildow ◽  
Vern Damsteegt ◽  
Andrew Stone ◽  
William Schneider ◽  
Douglas Luster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Aphis Fabae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Plum Pox Virus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Metopolophium Dirhodum ◽  
Aphid Vectors

Thirteen aphid species were tested for their ability to transmit Pennsylvania isolates of Plum pox virus (PPV) collected in Columbia (PENN-3), Franklin (PENN-4), and York (PENN-7) Counties, PA. Four species, Aphis fabae, A. spiraecola, Brachycaudus persicae, and Myzus persicae, consistently transmitted PPV in preliminary transmission tests. Two species, Metopolophium dirhodum and Rhopalosiphum padi, were occasional inefficient vectors. Toxoptera citricida, from Florida, also was an effective vector but it does not occur in major stone-fruit-growing states. Species not transmitting PPV in parallel tests included Acyrthosiphon pisum, Aphis glycines, Aulacorthum solani, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Rhopalosiphum maidis, and Sitobion avenae. When given a 3-day probing access period simultaneously on PPV-infected peach seedlings and healthy peach seedlings, Myzus persicae, Aphis spiraecola, A. fabae, and B. persicae transmitted PPV to 63, 31, 38, and 32% of the healthy peach seedlings, respectively. When given a similar probing period on PPV-infected peach fruit and healthy peach seedlings, the same aphid species transmitted PPV to 50, 35, 0, and 0% of seedlings, respectively. Results support the hypothesis of secondary PPV spread by indigenous aphids in Pennsylvania, and suggest that PPV-infected fruit has the potential to function as a virus source for long-distance dispersal.

BIOLOGY AND TAXONOMY OF CEREAL AND GRASS APHIDS IN NEW BRUNSWICK (HOMOPTERA: APHIDIDAE)

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. B. Orlob
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Schizaphis Graminum ◽  
Circumstantial Evidence ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Maidis ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The occurrence, distribution, and biology of various cereal and grass aphids were noted in New Brunswick during 1960. Because of the similarity of Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) overwintering on Pruneae, and R. fitchii (Sanderson) hibernating on Pomeae, summer forms of these aphids are referred to as the R. padi-fitchii complex. An aphid from Phleum pratense L., very similar and closely related to Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), is described as S. graminum phlei ssp. n. Circumstantial evidence indicates that early spring migrants of Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch) and Macrosiphum avenue (Fabricius) did not originate in the province.

Aphids and associated natural enemies on Ile Amsterdam and Ile Saint-Paul, Southern Indian Ocean

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice Hullé ◽  
Evelyne Turpeau ◽  
Sylvie Hudaverdian ◽  
Bernard Chaubet ◽  
Yannick Outreman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Saint Paul ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Invertebrate Fauna ◽  
Volcanic Islands

AbstractIle Amsterdam (37°50′S, 77°30′E, 55 km2) and Ile Saint-Paul (38°43′S, 77°31′E, 7 km2) are very isolated volcanic islands which were originally colonized by a few invertebrate fauna and flora. Invasive species richness has then increased along with human activity. A three-year monitoring programme (1997, 2000, 2001) and a summer campaign (2007) allowed species diversity, host plants, abundance and phenology of introduced aphids and natural enemies to be described. Seven cosmopolitan aphid species have been found on Ile Amsterdam (Aulacorthum solani,A. circumflexum,Macrosiphum euphorbiae,Myzus ascalonicus,M. cymbalariae,M. ornatusandRhopalosiphum padi) and three on Ile Saint-Paul (A. solani,M. cymbalariaeandR. padi). On Ile Amsterdam, these aphids were found on 28 host plants (out of 57 sampled plants), mainly introduced species.Phylica arboreawas the only native plant much colonized by one aphid species,A. circumflexum. Aphids were mainly present on the base or in this vicinity. One Hymenopteran parasitoid,Aphidius matricariae, and two hyperparasites (Dendrocerus aphidumandPhaenoglyphis villosa), probably introduced along with their host, were collected. Aphid activity is very low during the autumn (March–May) and at a maximum in spring and summer. Their density and diversity decrease with distance from the research station. From these results, the possible impact of aphids on native plants is discussed.

APHID SURVIVAL AT LOW TEMPERATURES

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 951-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Adams
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Macrosiphum Euphorbiae ◽  
Aphis Gossypii Glover ◽  
Aphis Nasturtii

The survival of aphids after different periods of exposure to temperatures of −20° F, 0° F, 10° F, 26° F, and 28° F was examined. None of the nine species, Aulacorthum solani (Kltb.), Myzus ornatus Laing, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thos.), Myzus persicae (Sulz.), Aphis gossypii Glover, Rhopalosiphum padi L., Macrosiphum avenae (Fab.), Myzus lythri (Schrank), and Brevicoryne brassicae L., held at −20° or 0°, survived exposures of even 4 hours; at 10°, 1% of only M. ornatus, M. euphorbiae, and M. persicae survived after 4 hours. Two species, M. ornatus and M. euphorbiae, were examined at 26°; at this temperature more than 50% of both species survived for more than 350 hours. At 28°, five species from greenhouse and field collections survived to the 50% level for the following periods: M. ornatus, 400 hours; M. persicae, 600 hours; Aphis nasturtii Kltb., 675 hours; M. euphorbiae, 700 hours; and Nearctaphis bakeri Cowan, 1300 hours. Collections of "conditioned" M. persicae from outdoors showed an increase in resistance to cold with survival at the 50% level rising from about 300 hours to about 700 hours between July and September. However, survival after 1000 hours did not differ significantly. It is concluded that at least M. persicae and N. bakeri have the potential cold resistance to survive New Brunswick winters in the viviparous state.

scholarly journals Suitability and Profitability of a Cereal Aphid for the Parasitoid Aphidius platensis in the Context of Conservation Biological Control of Myzus persicae in Orchards

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeniffer K. Alvarez-Baca ◽  
Armando Alfaro-Tapia ◽  
Blas Lavandero ◽  
Cécile Le Lann ◽  
Joan Van Baaren
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Rhopalosiphum Padi ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Cereal Aphid ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Early Arrival ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Defensive Behaviours

The use of cover crops can promote the abundance and early arrival of populations of natural enemies. Cereal cover crops between orchards rows could encourage the early arrival of the parasitoid Aphidius platensis, as they offer alternative winter hosts (e.g., Rhopalosiphum padi), enhancing the control of Myzus persicae in spring. However, the preference for and suitability of the alternative host must be addressed beforehand. To evaluate the potential of this strategy, we assessed host preference using behavioural choice tests, as well as no-choice tests measuring fitness traits, when developing on both host species. One source field for each aphid population from the above hosts was chosen. There was a clear choice for R. padi compared to M persicae, independently of the source, probably due to more defensive behaviours of M. persicae (i.e., kicks and escapes). Nevertheless, both aphid species were suitable for parasitoids’ development. The female progeny developed on R. padi were larger in size, irrespective of their origin. According to our results, in peach orchards with cereals sown between peach trees during the autumn, where we expect when R. padi populations will no longer be available during spring, A. platensis should be able to switch to M. persicae.

STUDY REGARDING THE APHIDOFAGOUS FAUNA STRUCTURE IN THE PEACH ORCHARDS FROM CONSTANTA COUNTY IN 2020

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 110-114
Author(s):  
Andrei Chiriloaie-Palade ◽  
Mădălina Radulea ◽  
Gheorghe Lămureanu ◽  
Ștefan Ion Mocanu ◽  
Maria Iamandei
Keyword(s):  
Myzus Persicae ◽  
Management System ◽  
Green Peach Aphid ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
Intensive Use ◽  
Predatory Insect ◽  
Predatory Insects ◽  
Aphid Populations

"The cosmopolitan aphid species Myzus persicae is a key pest of peach orchards in south and southeastern Romania. The phenomenon of resistance induced by the intensive use of insecticides is a matter of concern for farmers and protectionists, making necessary integrated measure for the control of this pest. Conservation of natural enemy’s populations is an essential component of any management system proposed for pest aphids. The aim of the study was to determine the structure of predatory insects associated with Myzus persicae populations in peach orchards. The research was carried out in three orchards from two localities from Constanta County, in peach plantations with Springcrest variety aged 7, 11 and 12 years. As a result of this study, there were determined a total of 15 predatory insect species belonging to eight systematic families: Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, Hemerobiidae, Syrphydae, Cecidomyiidae, Panorpidae, Nabidae and Forficulidae, which naturally contribute to the reduction of the green peach aphid populations. "

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