Physicochemical Characterizes of Argan Oil (Argania spinosa L.) Affected by Roasting and Pulping by Goats

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Mechanical Pressing ◽  
Method Of Extraction

Present study investigates the influence of roasting and pulping by goats on the quality of argan oil (Argania spinosa L.). To carry out this work, 4 different samples selected by their method of extraction (by mechanical pressing from argan fruits pulped by goats). The study of the physicochemical characteristics of the 4 samples shows that the roasting of the almonds of the argan fruit and the pulping by the goat appear as a parameter can increase the value of the peroxide index and the acidity. It’s also found that pulping by goats can decrease the value of fatty acids (linoleic C18: 2) and the percentage of triglycerides (LLL, LOO and OOO) in argan oil. The result of sterols clearly shows that roasting is reduced the total sterols. The study of the concentration of benzo-α-pyrene suggests that roasting does not produce significant amounts of benzo-α-pyrene. Also, present findings shows that roasting and pulping by goats appears as a parameter influencing the acid value of argan oil. In fact, the acidity value is higher in the argan oil samples prepared from roasted almonds and pulped by goats. Finally, the present study indicated that the high quality of argan oil can be extracted by mechanical pressing and which is not pulped by goats and, therefore, current results may support the marketing of the oil argan.

scholarly journals Fluorescence Spectroscopy Applied to Monitoring Biodiesel Degradation: Correlation with Acid Value and UV Absorption Analyses

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maydla dos Santos Vasconcelos ◽  
Wilson Espíndola Passos ◽  
Caroline Honaiser Lescanos ◽  
Ivan Pires de Oliveira ◽  
Magno Aparecido Gonçalves Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Spectroscopy Analysis ◽  
Linolenic Fatty Acid

The techniques used to monitor the quality of the biodiesel are intensely discussed in the literature, partly because of the different oil sources and their intrinsic physicochemical characteristics. This study aimed to monitor the thermal degradation of the fatty acid methyl esters of Sesamum indicum L. and Raphanus sativus L. biodiesels (SILB and RSLB, resp.). The results showed that both biodiesels present a high content of unsaturated fatty acids, ∼84% (SILB) and ∼90% (RSLB). The SILB had a high content of polyunsaturated linoleic fatty acid (18  :  2), about 49%, and the oleic monounsaturated (18  :  1), ∼34%. On the other hand, RSLB presented a considerable content of linolenic fatty acid (18  :  3), ∼11%. The biodiesel samples were thermal degraded at 110°C for 48 hours, and acid value, UV absorption, and fluorescence spectroscopy analysis were carried out. The results revealed that both absorption and fluorescence presented a correlation with acid value as a function of degradation time by monitoring absorptions at 232 and 270 nm as well as the emission at 424 nm. Although the obtained correlation is not completely linear, a direct correlation was observed in both cases, revealing that both properties can be potentially used for monitoring the biodiesel degradation.

scholarly journals OBTENÇÃO DO BIODIESEL METÍLICO ATRAVÉS DA TRANSESTERIFICAÇÃO VIA CATÁLISE BÁSICA DO ÓLEO DE COCO-DA-BAÍA (Cocos nucifera L)

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 192
Author(s):  
Valter Ortiz Lace ◽  
Isabel Matos Fraga ◽  
José Ricardo Castrillon Fernandez ◽  
Cláudia Roberta Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Alkaline Catalysis

This study aimed to the methyl biodiesel production by transesterification reaction via alkaline catalysis, using as a raw material alternative to soybean oil commonly used, coco-da-baía oil (Cocos nucifera L). The biodiesel was characterized as to its acidity, density, humidity, ester content, flash point, glycerol (free, total, mono-, di- and triglycerides) and maximum percentage of methanol. The oil used was characterized by acid value, saponification number, fatty acids, density and humidity. Through these results, we verified the quality of the obtained biofuel.

scholarly journals On the quality of Svalbard reindeer pasture in the summer and autumn

Rangifer ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Staaland
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Svalbard Reindeer ◽  
Protein Fiber ◽  
Pasture Plants

<p>Late summer and autumn reindeer pasture plants from Adventdalen, Svalbard were analyzed for contents of fatty acids, energy content, protein, fibre, ether extract as well as content of macro minerals. Food intake of grazing reindeer in Adventdalen was estimated from fecal production. Large intake of high quality food seems to account for the growth and fattening of Svalbard reindeer during summer.</p><p>Om kvaliteten p&aring; reinbeite av reinbeite p&aring; Svalbard sommer og h&oslash;st.</p><p>Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag: Innholdet av fettsyrer, energi, protein, fiber, eterekstrakt og makromineraler ble analysert i reinbeiteplanter fra Adventdalen p&aring; Svalbard. Plantene ble samlet p&aring; ettersommeren. Forinntaket hos beitende rein i Adventdalen ble estimert ut fra fecesproduksjonen. Et stort inntak av for med h&oslash;y kvalitet synes &aring; kunne forklare vekst og fettlagring hos Svalbard-reinen om sommeren.</p><p>Huippuvuorten poronlaidunten laadusta kesalla ja syksylla.</p><p>Abstract in Finnish / Yhteenveto: Rasvahappojen, energian, fiiberin, eetteriuutteen ja makromineraalien sisaltoa analysoitiin poronlaidunkasveissa Huippuvuorten Adventtilaaksosta. Kasvit kerattiin loppukesalla. Adventtilaaksossa laiduntavien porojen rehun kulunki arvioitiin lannan maarasta. Korkealaatuisen rehun suuri kulutus nayttaa vovan selittaa Huippuvuorten porojen kasvun ja rasvakerrostuman kesalla.</p>

scholarly journals Quality of Cosmetic Argan Oil Extracted by Supercritical Fluid Extraction fromArgania spinosaL.

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chouaa Taribak ◽  
Lourdes Casas ◽  
Casimiro Mantell ◽  
Zoubaida Elfadli ◽  
Rédouane E. Metni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Supercritical Fluid ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Tocopherol ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Argan Oil ◽  
Iodine Values ◽  
Pistachio Oil

Argan oil has been extracted using supercritical CO2. The influence of the variables pressure (100, 200, 300, and 400 bar) and temperature (35, 45, 55°C) was investigated. The best extraction yields were achieved at a temperature of 45°C and a pressure of 400 bar. The argan oil extracts were characterized in terms of acid, peroxide and iodine values, total tocopherol, carotene, and fatty acids content. Significant compositional differences were not observed between the oil samples obtained using different pressures and temperatures. The antioxidant capacity of the argan oil samples was high in comparison to those of walnut, almond, hazelnut, and peanut oils and comparable to that of pistachio oil. The physicochemical parameters of the extracted oils obtained by SFE, Soxhlet, and traditional methods are comparable. The technique used for oil processing does not therefore markedly alter the quality of argan oil.

scholarly journals Microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor, a traditional fermented fishery product from Maluku, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferymon Mahulette ◽  
TRI SANTI KURNIA
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Fishery Product ◽  
Microbiological Characteristics ◽  
Plate Count Method

Abstract. Mahulette F, Kurnia TS. 2020. Microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor, a traditional fermented fishery product from Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2216-2223. Bakasang laor consisted of two types, i.e. with and without vinegar. The microbiological research of bakasang processed use laor as raw material is very limited therefore these investigations are necessary to be conducted. The research aimed to analyze the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of two types of bakasang laor. The microbiological characteristics are used to determine product safety whereas the physicochemical characteristics, amino acids, and fatty acids contents can determine the nutritional value for consumption. The sample of bakasang laor was taken from traditional producers in Latuhalat, Ambon. Microbiological analysis using plate count method. From the measurement, the total number of halotolerant and coliform bacterial in bakasang laor without vinegar were 6.2 log CFU/g and 6.5 log CFU/g, respectively, while the total of lactic acid bacteria in bakasang laor with vinegar was 6.6 log CFU/g at the end of fermentation. The total amino acids and fatty acids contents of bakasang laor without vinegar at the end of fermentation were 11.25% and 32.23%, while bakasang laor vinegar was 9.38% and 32.72%, respectively. The bacteria found in bakasang laor were Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus arlettae, Staphylococcus petrasii, Escherichia coli, and Enterobacter cloacae. Generally, microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of bakasang laor with vinegar were better than bakasang laor without vinegar. This research can improve the quality of this fermentation product in the future.

scholarly journals Microbiological and Physicochemical Characteristics of Inasua Traditional Fish Fermented from Maluku Islands

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-305
Author(s):  
Ferymon Mahulette ◽  
Nisa Rachmania Mubarik ◽  
Antonius Suwanto ◽  
Widanarni Widanarni
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Water Activity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

Based on the raw materials, inasua consists of two types namely inasua with sap and inasua without sap. Research of inasua with sap has never been done and considered as the novelty of this research. The sensory characteristics and shelf life of two types of inasua were different. The research aims to analyze the microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of two types of inasua during fermentation. The microbiological analyzes include the total number of bacteria and lactic acid bacteria, while physicochemical analyzes include temperature, pH, water activity, proximate analysis, salt, alcohol, histamine, amino acids and fatty acids contents. The total number of bacteria and lactic acid bacteria has decreased during fermentation. At the end of the fermentation the total number of bacteria and lactic acid bacteria inasua with sap were 3.2x107 CFU/g and 3.0x107 CFU/g, while inasua without sap were 5.4x105CFU/g and 3.5x105 CFU/g, respectively. The moisture, protein, alcohol contents and water activity decreased, otherwise the salt, fat, ash, amino acids, and fatty acids contents increased during fermentation. Generally, microbiological and physicochemical characteristics of inasua with sap was better than inasua without sap. The results of this research to improve the quality of this fermentation product in the future.

scholarly journals Optimum roasting conditions of argan kernels (Argania spinosa L.) for the production of high-quality edible argan oil

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 840-847
Author(s):  
Dalila Demnati ◽  
Rafael Pacheco ◽  
Leopoldo Martínez ◽  
Sebastián Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
High Quality ◽  
Argania Spinosa ◽  
Argan Oil

scholarly journals Quality of Virgin Coconut Oil with Addition of Peppermint Oil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 215
Author(s):  
Clarissa Hanjaya ◽  
Fransiscus Sinung Pranata ◽  
Yuliana Reni Swasti
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Peppermint Oil ◽  
Virgin Coconut Oil ◽  
Total Plate Count ◽  
Health Related

Virgin coconut oil (VCO) is a pure coconut oil made from mature and fresh coconut meat. VCO is consumed for health-related reasons, but the unsaturated fatty acids of VCO are prone to oxidation. Mixing VCO with peppermint oil, which contains antioxidants, inhibits the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids and thus prevents the rancidity of VCO. This research used the antioxidants from peppermint oil to improve VCO quality. VCO contains antioxidants, such as α-pinene, menthol, 1,8-cineol, camphor, flavonoid, borneol, tocopherol, and carotene. The treatments consisted of three peppermint oil concentrations (2.5%, 5%, and 7.5%) in VCO. Results showed that the additionof peppermint oil significantly improved VCO quality. The optimal concentration of peppermint oil in VCO was 7.5% with a water content of 0.05%, a free fatty acid value of 0.13%, a peroxide value of 0.53 mg eq/kg, an iodine value of 4.42 g I2/100 g, a total plate count of 0 cfu/mL, and antioxidant activity of 90.28%.

scholarly journals ESTUDO DA PRODUÇÃO ENZIMÁTICA DE BIODIESEL A PARTIR DE ÓLEO RESIDUAL

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Vinícius H. Souza ◽  
Sabrina M. V. Pacheco ◽  
Américo Cruz Júnior ◽  
Agenor Furigo Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Transesterification Reaction ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L ◽  
Alkaline Catalysis

This study aimed to the methyl biodiesel production by transesterification reaction via alkaline catalysis, using as a raw material alternative to soybean oil commonly used, coco-da-baía oil (Cocos nucifera L). The biodiesel was characterized as to its acidity, density, humidity, ester content, flash point, glycerol (free, total, mono-, di- and triglycerides) and maximum percentage of methanol. The oil used was characterized by acid value, saponification number, fatty acids, density and humidity. Through these results, we verified the quality of the obtained biofuel.

Influence of technology parameters of free-cutting steel continuous casting on the billet internal structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-142
Author(s):  
A. T. Kunakbaeva ◽  
A. M. Stolyarov ◽  
M. V. Potapova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Continuous Casting ◽  
Internal Structure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Manganese Content ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Cutting Steel ◽  
Continuously Cast

Free-cutting steel gains specific working properties thanks to the high content of sulfur and phosphorus. These elements, especially sulfur, have a rather high tendency to segregation. Therefore, segregation defects in free-cutting steel continuously cast billets can be significantly developed. The aim of the work was to study the influence of the chemical composition of freecutting steel and casting technological parameters on the quality of the macrostructure of continuously cast billets. A metallographic assessment of the internal structure of cast metal made of free-cutting steel and data processing by application of correlation and regression analysis were the research methods. The array of production data of 43 heats of free-cutting steel of grade A12 was studied. Steel casting on a five-strand radial type continuous casting machine was carried out by various methods of metal pouring from tundish into the molds. Metal of 19 heats was poured with an open stream, and 24 heats – by a closed stream through submerged nozzles with a vertical hole. High-quality billets had a cross-sectional size of 150×150 mm. The macrostructure of high-quality square billets made of free-cutting steel of A12 grade is characterized by the presence of central porosity, axial segregation and peripheral point contamination, the degree of development of which was in the range from 1.5 to 2.0 points, segregation cracks and strips – about 1.0 points. In the course of casting with an open stream, almost all of these defects are more developed comparing with the casting by a closed stream. As a result of correlation and regression analysis, linear dependences of the development degree of segregation cracks and strips both axial and angular on the sulfur content in steel and on the ratio of manganese content to sulfur content were established. The degree of these defects development increases with growing of sulfur content in steel of A12 grade. These defects had especially strong development when sulfur content in steel was of more than 0.10%. To improve the quality of cast metal, it is necessary to have the ratio of the manganese content to the sulfur content in the metal more than eight.

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