scholarly journals Overview of Repetition

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-75
Author(s):  
László Gábor Menyhárt
Keyword(s):  
The Everyday ◽  
Different Levels

There are differences between the everyday concept of repetition, the usage in informatics and the different implementations. This article collects the different levels, paradigms and language options and it presents a performed measurement and finally it evaluates the results didactically. So, it is useful for students preparing for a programming competition and their informatics teachers.

scholarly journals “This one Grandma knew, too, exactly this one!” Processes of Canonization in Children’s Music

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingeborg Lunde Vestad ◽  
Petter Dyndahl
Keyword(s):  
Day Care ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Best Interest ◽  
Children's Music ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Musical Activities

Processes of musical canonization occur at different levels of culture and society. People have a strong propensity to categorize, differentiate, and evaluate the music that is important to them, and music is ascribed value in action by people in real-life settings. Based in these premises, the article discusses two questions: First, how does the idea of a canon of children’s music influence the daily musical activities and repertoires used in children’s day care facilities and family homes? Second, in what ways is music legitimized in the everyday lives of children? Our data is collected by observation and interviews conducted in two pedagogical day care facilities and nine family homes. Children, day care staff and parents participated in the study. We find that a discussion of canonization in children’s music along the following four paths of legitimation is meaningful: the “good, old stuff,” the need for renewal, the inclusion of other types of music other than that aimed at a child audience, and the need for a wide array of genres and sentiments. Finally, we argue that although the legitimation and canonization in children’s music obviously involve considerations of musical aspects, separating these canonization processes from the prevailing socio-cultural ideas of childhood and children’s best interest is impossible.  

Patterns and practices of everyday resistance: a view from below

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Iñiguez de Heredia
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Resistance Literature ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Resistance ◽  
Different Levels

This chapter develops the framework of resistance. It defines everyday resistance as the practices of individuals and collectives in a subordinated position to mitigate or deny the claims made by elites and the effects of domination, while advancing their own agenda. The chapter proposes a categorisation of two different practices following different levels of engagement against authority claims: claim-regarding acts (tax evasion against tax levy, mockery of authorities’ claims to deference) and self-regarding acts (subversion of peacebuilding vocabulary to further peasant agendas, taking over the delivery of social services and goods changing with it modes of social organisation and political order). This gradation improves the everyday framework by including different practices and going beyond the dichotomies in the resistance literature around intentionality, violence and non-violence, and direct and indirect practices.

Knowledge Elicitation to Understand Resilience: A Method and Findings From a Health Care Case Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Hegde ◽  
Aaron Z. Hettinger ◽  
Rollin J. Fairbanks ◽  
John Wreathall ◽  
Seth A. Krevat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Approaches To Learning ◽  
Knowledge Elicitation ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

Resilience engineering (RE) has ushered new approaches to learning about work in complex sociotechnical systems. In terms of improving safety, RE marks a shift from the traditional approach of retrospectively investigating adverse events, toward learning proactively about patterns in everyday work, including how things go well. This study applied the RE framework to the health care domain, by developing and implementing a new knowledge-elicitation protocol to learn about how frontline care providers achieve safe and effective patient care in their everyday work. Eighteen participants, including physicians, nurses, residents, and clinical leaders from a range of specialties, were interviewed using the new protocol. Qualitative analysis of the data revealed multiple themes and patterns which underlie resilient functioning of individuals, teams, and the organization as a whole. Further, a Resilience Mapping Framework (RMF) was developed based on major thematic categories to systematically represent and map various resilient capabilities—monitoring, anticipating, responding, and learning—across different levels of system scale, from the individual to the organizational. This study demonstrates new methods to identify and represent resilience not just during salient and critical “events,” but across the continuum of situations, from the everyday “normal” functioning to the critical.

Making sense of organizational structure change: a practice-based approach

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Age Rosenberg ◽  
Margit Keller
Keyword(s):  
Structural Change ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Collective Effort ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Public Organisation ◽  
Organisation Structure ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand how employees make sense of a structural change in a public organisation, in order to understand which practices form this change and how individual elements (rules, understandings etc.) may shape the process of such changes. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on: a two-wave interview method, where the same individuals from different levels of the organisation were questioned in both 2012 and 2014; and an analysis of the formal documents created during the decision-making process. Schatzki’s (1996) approach is used as the basis to identify teleo-affective structures, practical understandings and rules as constitutive elements of the practices that comprised the structural change in the organisation. Findings The analysis revealed two main practices – structural reorganisation and the sharing of information and involving employees – that shaped the process of structural change within the organisation. These practices are formed of positive and negative ways of doing, some of which have become in-house habits and a few which have become rules of the organisation. There were competing understandings and enactments of named elements in the organisation, indicating that organisational practices exist beyond individuals and that it takes a collective effort to change them. Research limitations/implications The retrospective interview technique and use of employees’ subjective sense-making did not allow us to fully grasp how practices unfolded during the process of a change to the everyday workings of the organisation, which could only be accomplished by direct observations. Originality/value The research highlighted those processes that influence one of the potentially most important changes to any organisation, that of organisation structure – both extensive and compact – which has thus far seldom been studied. The authors empirically tested Schatzki’s (1996) approach to practices and provided a set of categories for analysing practices during such changes.

scholarly journals Sculpture in Modern Environment: Educational Technology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2704-2712
Keyword(s):  
Educational Technology ◽  
Art Education ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
New Model ◽  
Cultural Paradigm ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Training Professional ◽  
Different Levels

The article looks at the issues connected with art education aimed at training professional sculptors and qualified spectators. It outlines the main problems of sculptural thinking in the Russian mentality. The current situation is described in terms of shifting paradigms related to filling the everyday environment of Russian cities with sculptural objects. The article provides results of the research into preferences of population groups most knowledgeable about art, such as experts in art education, teachers and professional sculptors. A stable tradition of visual thinking rather than using tactile imagery has been identified, as well as preferences for the realistic paradigm of art and academic traditions at all stages of sculptors’ training. At the same time, the article shows positive changes in the social demand towards small-scale sculpture that is actively present in the living environment of a modern person. The main problems of sculptor training at different levels of education are indicated. The author suggests a new model of teaching sculpture based on the actualization of mythological traditions in the cultural paradigm of postmodernism.

scholarly journals UNCERTAINTY AND DESIGN PRACTICE IN CHINA. THE “APPARATUS” OF SHANGHAI EXPERIMENTAL ARCHITECTURE

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 120-128
Author(s):  
Ettore SANTI
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Design Practice ◽  
Chinese Identity ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Experimental Architecture

Professional architects and scholars in China have pointed out the issue of uncertainty in the everyday realm of the design practice. Experimental architecture firms, the Chinese-born ateliers committed to seeking the “Chinese Identity” of architecture, have accepted uncertainty as a constitutive category of the process of city making and claimed they are learning from it. Yet, the cultural and political genealogy of uncertainty in China’s design process has not been significantly investigated. Building on the Foucauldian notion of apparatus, this paper unpacks the condition of uncertainty in Shanghai’s experimental architecture design practice and examines the formal and informal negotiations of power emerging among the diverse actors taking part in this process. Those include conflicts between governments at different levels, the contingency of the market demands, overlapping roles of design consultants, dynamics of cultural capital within the academic institutions. Based on methods of participant observation of experimental architecture ateliers in Shanghai, this analysis conveys that the Chinese Identity of architecture, the center of experimental architect’s design research, emerges as a consequence of the dynamics of the apparatus rather than from an a-priori formal determinism.

In Search of the Greengrocer (Jak vykládat zelináře)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-249
Author(s):  
Barbara Day
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Past ◽  
Time Attitudes ◽  
Experience Teaching ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Different Levels

The author reflects on her experience teaching present-day students about life under totalitarianism. Forty years of Communism is a long time; attitudes and opinions matured and shifted—even (if we examine Havel’s essay) those of his greengrocer. And what should be the focus of the teaching: the terror, the heroism, or the everyday business of living? How can one convey the different levels and subtleties of a world that history presents in black and white? The past could disappear in a hazy memory, but young people, once provoked, ask direct and practical questions that do connect the past to the present.

A Visit from Philippulus

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-65
Author(s):  
Pierre Fresnault-Deruelle
Keyword(s):  
Close Reading ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Levels Of Reality ◽  
The Fantastic ◽  
Different Levels

‘Scenariographics’ is defined as the deployment of the (non-specific) codes of the medium by individual comics artists in order to achieve effects that are specific to their work and therefore difficult to transpose to any other medium. L’Étoile mystérieuse, is used as a case study: a close reading of Hergé’s comic demonstrates how the artist creates a complex semiological web, drawing upon the resources of comics syntax and layout, onomatopoeia and emanata, visual metaphor, infra-narrative elements and intertextual motifs, blurring boundaries between dream life (more often nightmares) and wakefulness, realism and the fantastic. Moreover, through the coexistence and transposition of different levels of reality, including the everyday, the supernatural and the psychic, Hergé creates meanings that have political resonance in an album produced for a collaborationist newspaper.

Atti di fiducia: è utile il concetto di perdono?

PSICOANALISI ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 35-58
Author(s):  
Henry F. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Psychic Life ◽  
Defensive Function ◽  
Clinical Vignettes ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Everyday Work ◽  
Adhesive Quality ◽  
Different Levels

- Using detailed clinical vignettes, the author argues that, despite the current idealization of the concept of forgiveness, the term has no place in psychoanalytic work, and there are some hazards to giving it one. Clinically, the concept of forgiveness is seductive, implying that there should be a common outcome to a variety of injuries, stemming from different situations and calling for different solutions. Every instance of what we call forgiveness can be seen to serve a different defensive function. While the conscious experience of what is called forgiveness is sometimes confused with the unconscious process of reparation, the two can only be described at different levels of psychic life. Despite the fact that in "the unconscious" there is not such a thing as forgiveness; the term has an adhesive quality in our thinking that also blunts the analyst's appreciation of the aggressive components in the work. In a final vignette, the author illustrates an analytic outcome that has the appearance of forgiveness, but is best understood as the complex result of the everyday work of analysis.Parole chiave: Accettazione, aggressività, compromesso, controtransfert, difesa, perdono, riconciliazione, riparazione, risentimentoKey words: Acceptance, aggression, compromise, countertransference, defense, forgiveness, reconciliation, reparation, resentment

Hinduism in Pakistan

Hinduism ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jürgen Schaflechner
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Islamic Republic ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
British Rule ◽  
Muslim Minority ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Different Levels

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a Muslim-majority country in western South Asia. In addition to Hindus, other non-Muslim groups in Pakistan include Christians, Baha’is, Sikhs, Parsis, and Buddhists. The Ahmadiyya community, an Islamic sect originating in the 19th century around Mirza Ghulam Ahmad, is also considered a non-Muslim minority in Pakistan. Hindus comprise around 1.6–2.9 percent of Pakistan’s overall population, and 90 percent of them live in the province of Sindh. The study of Hinduism in Pakistan, therefore, needs to take the sociopolitical and economic particularities of Sindh into account. Both in Sindh and Pakistan, Hinduism is as complex as in other parts of the world. Hindus, especially in rural areas, follow local Sufi pīrs (Urdu, “spiritual guides”) and adhere to the 14th-century saint Ramdevji, whose main temple is in the Sindhi city of Thando Allah Yar. Many urban Hindu youths in Pakistan participate in the Westernized ISKCON society. Some Hindus worship Mother Goddesses as clan or family patrons, whom, at times, they appease with animal blood sacrifices. Others (e.g., Nanakpanthis) follow the teachings of the Guru Granth Sahib or the holy book of the Sikhs. This diversity challenges the taxonomies that separate Hinduism, Sikhism, and Islam as distinct religions. It also complicates the relationship between Hinduism in Pakistan and the Islamic Republic’s nationalism. This relationship has its roots in the two-nation theory (Urdu, do qaumī naz̤ariyah), which claims that Muslims and Hindus are two distinct nations that can only thrive through geopolitical separation—an idea that arguably led to Partition in 1947. Pakistani historiography often represents the two-nation theory as a necessary Muslim reaction to Hindu suppression and dominance during the period of British rule. After Pakistan’s creation in 1947 (and especially after wars with India in 1965 and 1971), Hindus became increasingly perceived and portrayed as a national threat. While frequently free to practice their faith, the historical predicament of the two-nation theory impacts the everyday lives of Hindus in Pakistan on many different levels.

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