scholarly journals Microplastics Removal from Treated Wastewater by a Biofilter

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Liu ◽  
Nadia Nord ◽  
Kai Bester ◽  
Jes Vollertsen
Keyword(s):  
Particle Number ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Particle Mass ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Global Environmental Issue ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Global Environmental

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a global environmental issue, and traditionally treated wastewater has been identified as a source of land-based microplastics into the aquatic environment. This study evaluated the performance of a pilot-scale biofilter to polish wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent before it enters the environment. The filter was divided into four zones, allowing the concentration of microplastics to be followed through the filter. It was fed with secondary effluent from a conventional WWTP in Denmark. The raw effluent from the WWTP contained 917 items m−3 which corresponded to a mass concentration of 24.8 µg m−3. After the top layer of the biofilter, the concentration had decreased to a median value of 197 item m−3 and 2.8 µg m−3, indicating an overall removal efficiency of 79% in terms of particle number and 89% in terms of particle mass. We also observed a tendency that MP of larger size and higher particle mass were more likely to be retained. After the last filtration zone, all MP larger than 100 µm had been removed. The results of this study demonstrate that biofilters are able to lower the MP abundance in treated wastewater significantly, but a complete removal is not ensured, hence some MP, particularly small-sized ones, can still be discharged into the receiving environment.

Antimicrobial resistance of fecal indicators in disinfected wastewater

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 2352-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Luczkiewicz ◽  
K. Jankowska ◽  
R. Bray ◽  
E. Kulbat ◽  
B. Quant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Tetracycline Resistance ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Fecal Indicators ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Operation Conditions

The main objective of the study was to assess the potential of three systems (UV irradiation, ozonation, and micro/ultrafiltration) operated in a pilot scale in removal of antimicrobial-resistant fecal bacteria from secondary effluent of the local wastewater treatment plant (700,000 population equivalent). The effectiveness of the processes was analysed using the removal ratio of fecal indicators (Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp.). The susceptibility of fecal indicators to antimicrobial agents important in human therapy was examined. Resistance to nitrofurantoin and erythromycin was common among enterococci and followed by resistance to fluoroquinolones and tetracycline. Resistance to high-level aminoglycosides and glycopeptides was also observed. E. coli isolates were most frequently resistant to penicillins and tetracycline. The extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli was detected once, after ozonation. Substantial attention should be paid to the E. coli and enterococci resistant to three or more chemical classes of antimicrobials (MAR), which in general constituted up to 15 and 49% of the tested isolates, respectively. Although the applied methods were effective in elimination of fecal indicators (removal efficiency up to 99.99%), special attention has to be paid to the application of sufficient disinfection and operation conditions to avoid selection of antimicrobial resistant bacteria.

A pilot scale study of a sequencing batch reactor treating municipal wastewater operated via the UP-PND process

2008 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kornaros ◽  
C. Marazioti ◽  
G. Lyberatos
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Real Wastewater

SBRs are usually preferred as small and decentralized wastewater treatment systems. We have demonstrated previously that using a frequent enough switching between aerobic and anoxic conditions and a specific to the treated wastewater aerobic to anoxic phase ratio, it is possible to by-pass the second step of nitrification (i.e. conversion of nitrite to nitrate nitrogen). This innovative process for nitrate by-pass has been branded as UP-PND (University of Patras-Partial Nitrification Denitrification) (WO 2006/129132). The proved methodology was successfully transferred from a lab-scale SBR reactor treating synthetic wastewater to a pilot-scale SBR system treating real wastewater. In this work we present the results from the operation of this pilot-scale SBR, constructed in the Wastewater Treatment Plant of Patras (Greece), using 6-hour, 8-hour and 12-hour cycles. It is demonstrated that three pairs of aerobic/anoxic phases with a relative duration of 1:2 (8-hour cycle) and 2:3 (12-hour cycle) secures the desired by-pass of nitrate production.

scholarly journals Effect of O3 Dose on the O3/UV Treatment Process for the Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products in Secondary Effluent

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Evelin Paucar ◽  
IIho Kim ◽  
Hiroaki Tanaka ◽  
Chikashi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Personal Care Products ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Personal Care ◽  
Uv Treatment

A municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is a melting pot of numerous pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) together with many other substances. The removal of PPCPs using advanced oxidation processes within a WWTP is one way to reduce the amount of PPCPs that potentially enter an aquatic environment. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the ozone (O3)/UV treatment process, especially, the effects of O3 dose and reaction time, on the removal of PPCPs in the secondary effluent of a WWTP. Experiments were conducted using a pilot-scale treatment process that consisted of two flow-through reactors connected in series. Each reactor was equipped with three 65 W lamps (UV65W). The experimental variables were ozone dosage (1, 2, 3, 4, and 6 mg L−1) and hydraulic retention time (HRT; 5 and 10 min). On the basis of the PPCP concentrations after O3/UV65W treatment and their limit of detection (LOD), 38 PPCPs detected in the secondary effluent were classified into 5 groups ranging from the category of “sensitive” to O3/UV65W or “unstable” in the O3/UV65W process to the category of “insensitive” to O3/UV65W or “very stable” in the O3/UV65W process.

Investigation of potential surrogate organisms and public health risk in UV irradiated secondary effluent

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Simpson ◽  
J. Jacangelo ◽  
P. Loughran ◽  
C. McIlroy
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Uv Disinfection ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Indicator Organism ◽  
Indicator Organisms ◽  
Public Health Risk

Watercare's Mangere Wastewater Treatment Plant in Auckland, New Zealand treats sewage from a population equivalent of approximately 1,000,000. The treatment plant is currently undergoing a major upgrade, and as a part of this upgrade the largest UV disinfection plant in the world (at the time of award of the contract) is being constructed. Pilot scale investigations were undertaken at a purpose built facility. The pilot plant employed secondary treatment, sand filtration, UV disinfection and a number of low pressure membrane systems. Investigations at the facility focussed on attempting to identify relationships between potential surrogate indicator organisms (including enterococci, faecal coliforms, Clostridium perfringens spores and F-specific bacteriophage) and pathogenic organisms (including culturable human enteric viruses, bacterial pathogens and parasites). The aim of the study was to identify a suitable indicator organism and an associated effluent concentration that would ensure that an acceptable level of public health risk was maintained in the environment. The results showed that no suitable surrogate indicator organism could be found. However the results did indicate that a two tiered operating strategy, based on the concentration of enteroviruses present in raw sewage and an appropriate UV dose, would ensure that an acceptable level of public health risk was maintained in the environment.

Development of a Two-Stage Treatment Plant for Extensive Nitrogen and Phosphorus Elimination

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bahre ◽  
W. Firk ◽  
M. Gassen
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Biological Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Plant Operator

The report describes low-cost development and design of a two-stage wastewater treatment plant for 90,000 PE to achieve the highest possible degree of phosphorus and nitrogen elimination. The receiving water body of the treatment plant is a small watercourse fed almost exclusively by treated wastewater. A significant improvement in the water quality of this watercourse is planned. In particular, the performance of the wastewater treatment plant will need to be enhanced. The plant operator, the Erft River Board, organized a competition to attract solutions for an appropriate development of the plant from several consultants. Apart from embodying the concept of extensive wastewater treatment, designs were expected to preserve the existing infrastructure of the two-stage treatment plant as far as possible. Following selection of the most suitable design, the intended process technology is currently being tested in a pilot-scale plant. Planning envisages advanced wastewater treatment processes, including enhanced biological phosphorus removal, chemical precipitation/flocculation, nitrification and denitrification and combined coagulation/filtration. The pilot-scale investigations are carried out in close co-operation between the water authorities, the plant operators, the consultant, and a university institute of sanitary engineering. The paper presents the design and first results of the pilot-scale investigations in terms of the parameters BOD5, COD, phosphorus, ammonia and nitrate.

Water reuse for urban landscape irrigation: aspersion and health related regulations

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Brissaud ◽  
E. Blin ◽  
S. Hemous ◽  
L. Garrelly
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Quality Criteria ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Bathing Waters ◽  
Spray Irrigation

The Mediterranean seaside resort of Le Grau du Roi includes 40 hectares of landscaped areas spray irrigated with river water supplied through a separate network. Wastewater collected from several municipalities is treated in an activated sludge wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) and polished in waste stabilization ponds (WSPs). Planned substitution of treated wastewater for river water is hindered by spray irrigation prohibition within a 100 m distance from houses and recreational areas. WWTP and WSP effluents were monitored for pathogens with a particular attention to Legionella in Spring and Summer 2006. Helminth eggs, salmonellae and enteroviruses were never detected neither in WWTP effluent nor in the ponds. Legionella spp content was slightly higher or of the order of magnitude of river water contents. Regarding Legionella pneumophila contents, WSP effluent did not significantly differ from the river water. E.coli and enterococci contents in WSP effluents complied with the “excellent quality” criteria of the European Directive for coastal bathing waters. Therefore, substituting WSP effluents to river water is unlikely to alter health risks related to spray irrigation and, in this case, the buffer zone required by the French water reuse guidelines appears being short of support.

Improved Biological Nitrification Using Recirculation in Rotating Biological Contactors

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 545-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Klees ◽  
J. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Loading Rates ◽  
Hydraulic Loading ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Wastewater Stream ◽  
Biological Nitrification ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactors

The effect of recirculation on biological nitrification in rotating biological contactors (RBCs) was examined in an on-site pilot-scale RBC system which simulated full-scale plant RBC operations at the Longmont, Colorado, Wastewater Treatment Plant (LWWTP). Two LWWTP wastewater streams were used as pilot RBC influent. One wastewater stream, designated the “fresh” influent, was first stage trickling filter effluent. The second stream, designated the “recirculation” influent, was clarified secondary effluent. Three recirculation ratios, defined as the ratio of the recirculation influent to the fresh influent, were examined: 0 (no recirculation), 1 (50% of the flow is recirculation), and 3 (75% of the flow is recirculation). Each recirculation ratio was studied at three hydraulic loading rates. Recirculation improved nitrification at all hydraulic loading rates. Improved nitrification with recirculation was due to the dilution of influent biodegradable organic carbon (BOD5) which occurs as a result of mixing secondary plant effluent with first stage effluent. An unexpected and operationally significant result was that extremely low concentrations of influent organic carbon did not improve nitrification.

Removal of micropollutants in WWTP effluent by biological assisted membrane carbon filtration (BioMAC)

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Weemaes ◽  
G. Fink ◽  
C. Lachmund ◽  
A. Magdeburg ◽  
D. Stalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Biological Activated Carbon ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Androgenic Activity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Carbon Filtration

In the frame of the European FP6 project Neptune, a combination of biological activated carbon with ultrafiltration (BioMAC) was investigated for micropollutant, pathogen and ecotoxicity removal. One pilot scale set-up and two lab-scale set-ups, of which in one set-up the granular activated carbon (GAC) was replaced by sand, were followed up during a period of 11 months. It was found that a combination of GAC and ultrafiltration led to an almost complete removal of antibiotics and a high removal (>80%) of most of the investigated acidic pharmaceuticals and iodinated contrast media. The duration of the tests did however not allow to conclude that the biological activation was able to extend the lifetime of the GAC. Furthermore, a significant decrease in estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity could be illustrated. The set-up in which GAC was replaced by sand showed a considerably lower removal efficiency for micropollutants, especially for antibiotics but no influence on steroid activity.

A study on the effects of ozone dosage on dissolved-ozone flotation (DOF) process performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1423-1428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Jin ◽  
Pengkang Jin ◽  
Xiaochang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Process Performance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Process ◽  
Organic Matter Removal

Dissolved-ozone flotation (DOF) is a tertiary wastewater treatment process, which combines ozonation and flotation. In this paper, a pilot-scale DOF system fed by secondary effluent from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in China was used to study the effect of ozone dosage on the DOF process performance. The results show that an ozone dosage could affect the DOF performance to a large extent in terms of color and organic matter removal as well as disinfection performance. The optimal color and organic matter removal was achieved at an ozone dosage of 0.8 mg/l. For disinfection, significant improvement in performance could be achieved only when the organic matter removal was optimal. The optimal ozone dosage of at least 1.6 mg/l was put forward, in this case, in order to achieve the optimal color, turbidity, organic matter and disinfection performance.

scholarly journals Feasibility study of the application of treated wastewater for the irrigation of forest species in a Saharan area

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-204
Author(s):  
Hamza Negais ◽  
Tahar Idder ◽  
Hamid Cheloufi ◽  
Abdelhak Idder ◽  
Slimane Ahmed Benmchi’h Ayada
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Acacia Farnesiana ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Biometric Measurements ◽  
National Road ◽  
Selection Of

Background: After suffering from an acute problem of excess water for a long time, the Oasis of Ouargla benefited from an aerated lagoon treatment plant, producing biologically treated domestic effluents. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility of reusing this effluent for watering plants. The experiment was conducted in the Ouargla WWTP, which is located in the region of Said Otba (northeast of Ouargla), north of the national road NR 49. Methods: The study area was selected based on the originality of the study and availability of water. The plants used were Acacia farnesiana and Leucaena leucocephala. The selection of Leucaena was based on the following criteria: It is used as a windbreak, it is very tolerant to drought, and it is used as a fodder to maintain soil fertility. And, Acacia was selected because it is used as a fodder, protects the soil against erosion, and to fix nitrogen. The watering of these plants is done jointly by treated wastewater from the WWTP and well water (WW), of which the latter was used as a control. Sampling and analysis of the irrigation water were performed according to the experimental protocol. To show the growth rate of the two plants studied, biometric measurements were taken weekly for 25 weeks. Results: The physicochemical analyses show that the treated wastewater is of poor quality belonging to the last class of Riverside’s C5-S4, with an excessive salinity (EC) of 13.51 dS/m and an Sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of 12.61 against EC of 2.49 dS/m and 2.13 for the WW. At the end of the experiment, it was found that irrigation with purified wastewater (PWW) gave less growth compared to that with WW. Statistical analyses of the biometric measurements confirmed that there is a highly significant difference at P<0.05. Conclusion: The reuse of WWTP effluent gives less interesting results but is still possible. It is recommended to choose Salt-tolerant crops, as well as the dilution of these waters by the addition of less salty waters.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document