scholarly journals Synergetic Co-Production of Beer Colouring Agent and Solid Fuel from Brewers’ Spent Grain in the Circular Economy Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 10480
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jackowski ◽  
Łukasz Niedźwiecki ◽  
Krzysztof Mościcki ◽  
Amit Arora ◽  
Muhammad Azam Saeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Spent Grain

Brewers’ Spent Grain is a by-product of the brewing process, with potential applications for energy purposes. This paper presents the results of an investigation aiming at valorization of this residue by torrefaction, making product for two purposes: a solid fuel that could be used for generation of heat for the brewery and a colouring agent that could replace colouring malt for the production of dark beers. Decreased consumption of malt for such purposes would have a positive influence on the sustainability of brewing. Torrefaction was performed at temperatures ranging between 180 °C and 300 °C, with a residence time between 20 and 60 min. For the most severe torrefaction conditions (300 °C, 60 min), the higher heating value of torrefied BSG reached 25 MJ/kg. However, the best beer colouring properties were achieved for mild torrefaction conditions, i.e., 180 °C for 60 min and 210 °C for 40 min, reaching European Brewery Convention colours of 145 and 159, respectively. From the solid fuel properties perspective, the improvements offered by torrefaction in such mild conditions were modest. Overall, the obtained results suggest some trade-off between the optimum colouring properties and optimum solid fuel properties that need to be considered when such dual-purpose torrefaction of BSG for brewery purposes is implemented.

scholarly journals HTC of Wet Residues of the Brewing Process: Comprehensive Characterization of Produced Beer, Spent Grain and Valorized Residues

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jackowski ◽  
Lukasz Niedzwiecki ◽  
Magdalena Lech ◽  
Mateusz Wnukowski ◽  
Amit Arora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Main Product ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Mass Yield ◽  
Tracer Method ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Comprehensive Characterization

Steady consumption of beer results in a steady output of residues, i.e., brewer’s spent grain (BSG). Its valorization, using hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) seems sensible. However, a significant knowledge gap regarding the variability of this residue and its influence on the valorization process and its potential use in biorefineries exists. This study attempted to fill this gap by characterization of BSG in conjunction with the main product (beer), taking into accounts details of the brewing process. Moreover, different methods to assess the performance of HTC were investigated. Overall, the differences in terms of the fuel properties of both types of spent grain were much less stark, in comparison to the differences between the respective beers. The use of HTC as a pretreatment of BSG for subsequent use as a biorefinery feedstock can be considered beneficial. HTC was helpful in uniformization and improvement of the fuel properties. A significant decrease in the oxygen content and O/C ratio and improved grindability was achieved. The Weber method proved to be feasible for HTC productivity assessment for commercial installations, giving satisfactory results for most of the cases, contrary to traditional ash tracer method, which resulted in significant overestimations of the mass yield.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Carbonization of Brewery’s Spent Grains for the Production of Solid Biofuels

Beverages ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Jackowski ◽  
Damian Semba ◽  
Anna Trusek ◽  
Mateusz Wnukowski ◽  
Lukasz Niedzwiecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Solid Biofuels ◽  
Spent Grains ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Preliminary Study

To make a beer there are four essential ingredients needed: water, malt, hops, and yeast. After brewing process, the main wastes are spent grains. These are often used as additions to fodders in animal husbandry. This study presents preliminary results of an investigation aiming to determine the feasibility of an alternative use of spent grains as a potential source of solid fuel. This source of energy could make breweries partly sustainable in terms of their energy supply. Such an approach may be feasible especially in large scale industrial breweries. This preliminary study presents encouraging results, showing improvements in terms of the fuel properties of the spent grain after its valorization through hydrothermal carbonization. Moreover, qualitative GC-MS analysis also indicates potential feasibility of the liquid byproduct of the hydrothermal carbonization of spent grain for biogas production. Results of proximate, ultimate, and DTG analyses show that hydrothermal carbonization of spent grain could improve its fuel properties and make it an especially suitable feedstock for fast pyrolysis and gasification. Improvement of HHV is also an improvement in terms of combustion.

Promising hydrogen storage properties and potential applications of Mg–Al–Pd trilayer films under mild conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (38) ◽  
pp. 11555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongbiao Xin ◽  
Junzhi Yang ◽  
Guoqing Zhang ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Xingguo Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Storage ◽  
Hydrogen Storage Properties ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Storage Properties

scholarly journals Difunctionalization of alkenes with iodine and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) at room temperature for the synthesis of 1-(tert-butylperoxy)-2-iodoethanes

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 2023-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Wang ◽  
Cui Chen ◽  
Weibing Liu ◽  
Zhibo Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Chemical Modifications ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Radical Intermediates ◽  
Mild Conditions ◽  
Tert Butyl Hydroperoxide ◽  
Potential Applications

We developed a direct vicinal difunctionalization of alkenes with iodine and TBHP at room temperature. This iodination and peroxidation in a one-pot synthesis produces 1-(tert-butylperoxy)-2-iodoethanes, which are inaccessible through conventional synthetic methods. This method generates multiple radical intermediates in situ and has excellent regioselectivity, a broad substrate scope and mild conditions. The iodine and peroxide groups of 1-(tert-butylperoxy)-2-iodoethanes have several potential applications and allow further chemical modifications, enabling the preparation of synthetically valuable molecules.

Examining the role of dynamic remanufacturing capability on supply chain resilience in circular economy

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surajit Bag ◽  
Shivam Gupta ◽  
Cyril Foropon
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Supply Chain Networks ◽  
Control Orientation ◽  
Technical Factors ◽  
Market Factors

PurposeWorldwide, facing increasing resources pressure, more and more manufacturing firms aim to circular economy (CE), which is a system characterized by the application of remanufacturing principles and adoption of sustainable manufacturing practices. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the function of remanufacturing capability in influencing supply chain resilience in supply chain networks under the moderating effects of both flexible orientation and control orientation.Design/methodology/approachData were gathered through a survey performed online in South Africa, and 150 participants completed the survey. Participants were mainly industry professionals holding senior administrative positions.FindingsResults indicate that market factors, management factors and technical factors positively influence dynamic remanufacturing capability (DRC). More specifically, on one hand, market factors strongly influence DRC, whereas, on the other hand, both management and technical factors influence at lower level DRC. DRC has a positive influence on supply chain resilience. Flexible orientation is found to positively moderate the effect of DRC on supply chain resilience, whereas control orientation does not exert any moderating effect on DRC and supply chain resilience.Originality/valueThis is one of the first studies that explore research gaps between current vs desired remanufacturing capability requirements to achieve sustainability goals in CE.

scholarly journals Identification of Promising Alternative Mono-Alcohol Fuel Blend Components for Spark Ignition Engines

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1955
Author(s):  
Saeid Aghahossein Shirazi ◽  
Thomas D. Foust ◽  
Kenneth F. Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Performance And Emission ◽  
Fuel Blending ◽  
High Range

Alcohols are attractive fuel blendstocks for spark ignition engines due to their high octane values and potentially positive influence on performance and emission. Although methanol, ethanol, and butanol have been widely studied, other biomass-derived alcohols may have similar or better properties. However, it is not feasible to experimentally investigate the fuel potential of every molecule. The goals of this study were to develop a methodology for rapid screening of a fuel property database for mono-alcohols and to identify alcohols with the potential of blending to produce advantaged motor gasolines. A database was developed with 13 fuel properties of all saturated C1–C10 mono-alcohols. A decision framework was used to evaluate alcohols suitable for blending in gasoline for spark ignition engines in two scenarios: low-range (up to 15 vol%) blends and high-range (greater than 40 vol%) blends. The low-range blend cases resulted in the identification of 48 alcohols. In the case of high-range blending, only six alcohols were found to be suitable. This is the first study to systematically evaluate all C1–C10 saturated alcohols for blending with gasoline using relevant fuel properties. A novel aspect of this study is the evaluation of the influence of errors in predicted property values. These scenario screenings focus attention on a smaller number of promising candidate molecules, and the approach could be modified for other classes of fuel molecules, engine types, and fuel blending goals.

scholarly journals Fruit preservation with bioethanol obtained from the fermentation of brewer’s spent grain with Saccharomyces carlsbergensis

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 9321-9331
Author(s):  
Clement Olusola Ogidi ◽  
Oluwatobiloba Hannah George ◽  
Oluwatoyin Modupe Aladejana ◽  
Olu Malomo ◽  
Oladiran Famurewa
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Yeast Culture ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Saccharomyces Carlsbergensis ◽  
Brewer’S Spent Grain ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Brewing Process ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Brewer’s Spent Grain (BSG) is renewable lignocellulosic biomass generated from the beer brewing process. It serves as a substrate for various biotechnological applications. BSG was used as the main substrate for bioethanol production with Saccharomyces carlsbergensis in submerged fermentation. Saccharification and fermentation studies were performed for the production of bioethanol. A sterilized fermenter was loaded with 50 g L-1 of BSG at 29±2 °C and an agitation speed of 180 rpm. pH was adjusted to 6.0 before the addition of 500 mL of yeast culture for 7 days under submerged and optimized conditions. The fermented product was concentrated using a rotary evaporator at 66±1 °C, and ethanol was qualitatively determined by the dichromate method. Bioethanol yield was 22%, with a specific gravity of 0.8 at 28 °C. Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the presence of -CH3 stretch, -OHstretch and -CH2stretch in bioethanol. For the preservative test, Staphylococcus spp., Erwinia spp., Lactobacillus spp., Bacillus spp., Xanthomonas spp., Pseudomonas spp., Micrococcus spp. and Corynebacterium spp. were the bacteria isolated from fruits examined from different regions of Osun State. The genera of fungi isolated were Aspergillus, Colletotrichum, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Rhizopus, Candida, Saccharomyces, Geotrichium and Pichia. Bioethanol produced from BSG inhibited the growth of microorganisms with zones of inhibition range from 7.0 mm to 11.5 mm, and thus, selected fruits were preserved. Hence, the fermentation technology of agro-industrial wastes with microorganisms can be adopted to convert waste biomass to useful resources.

A Feasible Application of Circular Economy: Spent Grain Energy Recovery in the Beer Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 3809-3819 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Ortiz ◽  
Y. Torreiro ◽  
G. Molina ◽  
M. Maroño ◽  
J. M. Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Spent Grain

Producing a high heating value and weather resistant solid fuel via briquetting of blended wood residues and thermoplastics

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 283 ◽  
pp. 119263
Author(s):  
Bing Song ◽  
Martin Cooke-Willis ◽  
Beatrix Theobald ◽  
Peter Hall
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
High Heating Value ◽  
Wood Residues ◽  
High Heating

Temperature effects on solid-fuel ramjet fuel properties and combustion

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 721-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Ho Lee ◽  
David W. Netzer
Keyword(s):  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Fuel Properties
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