scholarly journals Recent Progress in 3D Printed Mold-Based Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan He ◽  
Shilun Feng ◽  
Anindya Nag ◽  
Nasrin Afsarimanesh ◽  
Tao Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Different Parts

The paper presents a review of some of the significant research done on 3D printed mold-based sensors performed in recent times. The utilization of the master molds to fabricate the different parts of the sensing prototypes have been followed for quite some time due to certain distinct advantages. Some of them are easy template preparation, easy customization of the developed products, quick fabrication, and minimized electronic waste. The paper explains the different kinds of sensors and actuators that have been developed using this technique, based on their varied structural dimensions, processed raw materials, designing, and product testing. These differences in the attributes were based on their individualistic application. Furthermore, some of the challenges related to the existing sensors and their possible respective solutions have also been mentioned in the paper. Finally, a market survey has been provided, stating the estimated increase in the annual growth of 3D printed sensors. It also states the type of 3D printing that has been preferred over the years, along with the range of sensors, and their related applications.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Sensors for Biomedical Applications: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Han ◽  
Sudip Kundu ◽  
Anindya Nag ◽  
Yongzhao Xu
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Healthcare Applications ◽  
Biomedical Sensing ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Work Done ◽  
Printing Techniques

This paper showcases a substantial review on some of the significant work done on 3D printing of sensors for biomedical applications. The importance of 3D printing techniques has bloomed in the sensing world due to their essential advantages of quick fabrication, easy accessibility, processing of varied materials and sustainability. Along with the introduction of the necessity and influence of 3D printing techniques for the fabrication of sensors for different healthcare applications, the paper explains the individual methodologies used to develop sensing prototypes. Six different 3D printing techniques have been explained in the manuscript, followed by drawing a comparison between them in terms of their advantages, disadvantages, materials being processed, resolution, repeatability, accuracy and applications. Finally, a conclusion of the paper is provided with some of the challenges of the current 3D printing techniques about the developed sensing prototypes, their corresponding remedial solutions and a market survey determining the expenditure on 3D printing for biomedical sensing prototypes.

scholarly journals 3D-Printed Sensors and Actuators in Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering: Framework and Research Challenges

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (19) ◽  
pp. 5617
Author(s):  
Pablo Pérez ◽  
Juan Alfonso Serrano ◽  
Alberto Olmo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed

Three-dimensional printing technologies have been recently proposed to monitor cell cultures and implement cell bioreactors for different biological applications. In tissue engineering, the control of tissue formation is crucial to form tissue constructs of clinical relevance, and 3D printing technologies can also play an important role for this purpose. In this work, we study 3D-printed sensors that have been recently used in cell culture and tissue engineering applications in biological laboratories, with a special focus on the technique of electrical impedance spectroscopy. Furthermore, we study new 3D-printed actuators used for the stimulation of stem cells cultures, which is of high importance in the process of tissue formation and regenerative medicine. Key challenges and open issues, such as the use of 3D printing techniques in implantable devices for regenerative medicine, are also discussed.

scholarly journals Laser-Assisted Printed Flexible Sensors: A Review

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Han ◽  
Anindya Nag ◽  
Nasrin Afsarimanesh ◽  
Subhas Chandra Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Sudip Kundu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Ablation ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Laser Cutting ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Strain Sensing ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Varied Range

This paper provides a substantial review of some of the significant research done on the fabrication and implementation of laser-assisted printed flexible sensors. In recent times, using laser cutting to develop printed flexible sensors has become a popular technique due to advantages such as the low cost of production, easy sample preparation, the ability to process a range of raw materials, and its usability for different functionalities. Different kinds of laser cutters are now available that work on samples very precisely via the available laser parameters. Thus, laser-cutting techniques provide huge scope for the development of prototypes with a varied range of sizes and dimensions. Meanwhile, researchers have been constantly working on the types of materials that can be processed, individually or in conjugation with one another, to form samples for laser-ablation. Some of the laser-printed techniques that are commonly considered for fabricating flexible sensors, which are discussed in this paper, include nanocomposite-based, laser-ablated, and 3D-printing. The developed sensors have been used for a range of applications, such as electrochemical and strain-sensing purposes. The challenges faced by the current printed flexible sensors, along with a market survey, are also outlined in this paper.

scholarly journals 3D Printed Chromophoric Sensors

Chemosensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 317
Author(s):  
Zachary Brounstein ◽  
Jarrod Ronquillo ◽  
Andrea Labouriau
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Advanced Manufacturing ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Eight chromophoric indicators are incorporated into Sylgard 184 to develop sensors that are fabricated either by traditional methods such as casting or by more advanced manufacturing techniques such as 3D printing. The sensors exhibit specific color changes when exposed to acidic species, basic species, or elevated temperatures. Additionally, material properties are investigated to assess the chemical structure, Shore A Hardness, and thermal stability. Comparisons between the casted and 3D printed sensors show that the sensing devices fabricated with the advanced manufacturing technique are more efficient because the color changes are more easily detected.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Manufacturing Techniques of Printed and Flexible Sensors: A Review

Biosensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Dinesh Maddipatla ◽  
Binu B. Narakathu ◽  
Massood Atashbar
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Materials Characterization ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Flexible Sensors ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Work Done

This review provides an outlook on some of the significant research work done on printed and flexible sensors. Printed sensors fabricated on flexible platforms such as paper, plastic and textiles have been implemented for wearable applications in the biomedical, defense, food, and environmental industries. This review discusses the materials, characterization methods, and fabrication methods implemented for the development of the printed and flexible sensors. The applications, challenges faced and future opportunities for the printed and flexible sensors are also presented in this review.

scholarly journals Structural and Textural Characteristics of 3D-Printed Protein- and Dietary Fibre-Rich Snacks Made of Milk Powder and Wholegrain Rye Flour

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Lille ◽  
Anni Kortekangas ◽  
Raija-Liisa Heiniö ◽  
Nesli Sozer
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Rye Flour ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Shape Retention ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
Snack Products

This study addressed the potential of 3D printing as a processing technology for delivering personalized healthy eating solutions to consumers. Extrusion-based 3D printing was studied as a tool to produce protein- and dietary fibre-rich snack products from whole milk powder and wholegrain rye flour. Aqueous pastes were prepared from the raw materials at various ratios, grid-like samples printed from the pastes at ambient temperature and the printed samples post-processed by oven baking at 150 °C. Printing pastes were characterized by rheological measurements and the baked samples by X-ray micro tomography, texture measurements and sensory analysis. All formulations showed good printability and shape stability after printing. During baking, the milk powder-based samples expanded to a level that caused a total collapse of the printed multiple-layer samples. Shape retention during baking was greatly improved by adding rye flour to the milk formulation. Sensory evaluation revealed that the volume, glossiness, sweetness and saltiness of the baked samples increased with an increasing level of milk powder in the printing paste. A mixture of milk powder and rye flour shows great potential as a formulation for healthy snack products produced by extrusion-based 3D printing.

scholarly journals Environmental Footprint and Economics of a Full-Scale 3D-Printed House

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 11978
Author(s):  
Hadeer Abdalla ◽  
Kazi Parvez Fattah ◽  
Mohamed Abdallah ◽  
Adil K. Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Capital Costs ◽  
Construction Methods ◽  
3D Printed

3D printing, is a newly adopted technique in the construction sector with the aim to improve the economics and alleviate environmental impacts. This study assesses the eco-efficiency of 3D printing compared to conventional construction methods in large-scale structural fabrication. A single-storey 3D-printed house was selected in the United Arab Emirates to conduct the comparative assessment against traditional concrete construction. The life cycle assessment (LCA) framework is utilized to quantify the environmental loads of raw materials extraction and manufacturing, as well as energy consumption during construction and operation phases. The economics of the selected structural systems were investigated through life cycle costing analysis (LCCA), that included mainly the construction costs and energy savings. An eco-efficiency analysis was employed to aggregate the results of the LCA and LCCA into a single framework to aid in decision making by selecting the optimum and most eco-efficient alternative. The findings revealed that houses built using additive manufacturing and 3D printed materials were more environmentally favourable. The conventional construction method had higher impacts when compared to the 3D printing method with global warming potential of 1154.20 and 608.55 kg CO2 eq, non-carcinogenic toxicity 675.10 and 11.9 kg 1,4-DCB, and water consumption 233.35 and 183.95 m3, respectively. The 3D printed house was also found to be an economically viable option, with 78% reduction in the overall capital costs when compared to conventional construction methods. The combined environmental and economic results revealed that the overall process of the 3D-printed house had higher eco efficiency compared to concrete-based construction. The main results of the sensitivity analysis revealed that up to 90% of the environmental impacts in 3D printing mortars can be mitigated with decreasing cement ratios.

scholarly journals Virtual Prototype and 3D Printing of Bud Chipping Machine for Agriculture

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12S) ◽  
pp. 880-883
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Virtual Prototype ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Patent Search ◽  
Process Use ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
And Training

Sugarcane is a primary crop in many parts of India. The seed or bud of the sugarcane is a part of the plant itself. Due to complicated and expensive tools, separating bud from the plant is a difficult process. Use of plant for its raw materials and products leads to loss of buds whereas planting buds with the plant leads to loss of plant products. Current machines used for sugarcane bud cutting require skill and training but are also unsafe. The risk of injury is also high. Thus, there is a need for the development of the bud chipping machine which satisfies the above criterion. The research was done by conducting a literature survey, patent search, and market survey. Designing and modeling of machine is carried out by considering aspects of design and human ergonomics. Hence, the simple and effective machine is designed which can be used to cut sugarcane buds without much effort, reduced loss of plant product, reduced muscular problems and can be safely operated.

3D-Printed Conductive Nanocomposites for Liquid Sensing Applications

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahal Aliheidari ◽  
Cameron Hohimer ◽  
Amir Ameli
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Response Time ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Material System ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Sensing Applications ◽  
Printed Sensors ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Liquid Sensing

Additive manufacturing (AM) offers a new and unique method for the fabrication of functional and smart material and structures. In this method, parts are fabricated directly from a 3D computer model layer by layer. Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is the most widely adapted AM method. In this method, the feedstock is usually a thermoplastic-based material. In recent years, flexible smart materials have gained unflagging interests due to their promising applications in health monitoring, sensing, actuation, etc. However, the 3D printing of flexible materials is recent with its own challenges and limited sources of feedstock. Conductive polymer nanocomposites (CPNs) have many promising uses within sensing filed including liquid sensing. Sensing chemical leakage is one the important capabilities of liquid sensors. There is a good number of studies on the fabrication and sensitivity characterization of CPN-based liquid sensors. However, the sensitivity and response time of CPN-based liquid sensors do not yet meet the industrial demands and should be further enhanced for their practical and widespread applications. This study presents an attempt to integrate the tunability of CPN’s conductivity behavior and the design flexibility of 3D printing to explore the benefits that their coupling may offer toward more sensitive and/or faster liquid sensing. Thermoplastic polyurethane/multiwalled carbon nanotube (TPU/MWCNT) nanocomposites were selected as a model material system and their filaments were first fabricated using melt-mixing by twin-screw extruder at 1, 2 and 3 wt.% of MWCNT. Flexible U-shaped TPU/MWCNT specimens were designed and successfully 3D-printed as a liquid sensor. Specimens fabricated at three different raster patterns of linear, 0–90, and 45/−45 and three infill percent levels of 100, 75, and 50%. Ethanol was used as the model chemical and the resistivity change of the sensors was measured as a function of time when immersed in ethanol. The results revealed that the printed sensors greatly outperformed the pressed bulk counterparts. This enhancement in the 3D printed sensors was primarily due to the increased surface area, and thus higher surface/volume ratio, enabling faster liquid uptake. In addition, MWCNT content, raster pattern, and infill percent all affected the overall response time as well as the sensor sensitivity. This work suggests that highly sensitive liquid sensors can be developed by material and structure optimizations via FDM 3D printing.

scholarly journals Design and Assembly of a Thin-Plate Mechatronic Atomizer by 3D Printing

Actuators ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Chin-Tai Chen ◽  
Hsin-Fang Hsu
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Simple Manner ◽  
Small Height ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Line Widths ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Aided Design

Microfluidic structures and devices have been studied over decades for the transport of liquid through internal channels using versatile microfabrication schemes such as surface and bulk micromachining technologies. One challenge in consideration of the device design involves the breakthrough of microfluidic reservoir and channels being substantially limited in two-dimensional (2D) geometry. However, recent progress of the emerging 3D printing technologies has showed great potential to overcome this problem in a simple manner. This paper comprehensively reports an additive manufacturing of polylactic acid (PLA) layers to significantly improve the complexity in the formation of the 3D microfluidic structures as compared to conventional micro-manufacturing techniques. Moreover, a handheld mechatronic device with a small height of ~10 mm, assembled with a thin planar atomizer and a micro controller, was produced and demonstrated for generation of droplets (~6 μm in diameter). Both the analytical and experimental results indicated that the grids of channel microstructures were simply varied by different line widths (300–500 μm) and spacing (250–400 μm) 3D printed within the device, thereby providing the design capability for capillary flow. In this regard, a variety of complex micro devices fabricated via computer-aided design (CAD) and the 3D printing method could be applied for more applications than ever, such as microfluidic delivery of biomedical materials and health care devices of a small size.

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