scholarly journals Biodegradable Polylactide/TiO2 Composite Fiber Scaffolds with Superhydrophobic and Superadhesive Porous Surfaces for Water Immobilization, Antibacterial Performance, and Deodorization

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaowen Wang ◽  
Dongchu Chen ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Huawen Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Adhesive Force ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Porous Surfaces ◽  
Fiber Scaffolds

In this short communication, TiO2-nanoparticle-functionalized biodegradable polylactide (PLA) nonwoven scaffolds with a superhydrophobic and superadhesive surface are reported regarding their water immobilization, antibacterial performance, and deodorization. With numerous regular oriented pores on their surface, the as-fabricated electrospun porous PLA/TiO2 composite fibers possessed diameters in the range from 5 µm down to 400 nm, and the lengths were even found to be up to the meters range. The PLA/TiO2 composite fiber surface was demonstrated to be both superhydrophobic and superadhesive. The size of the pores on the fiber surface was observed to have a length of 200 ± 100 nm and a width of 150 ± 50 nm using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The powerful adhesive force of the PLA/TiO2 composite fibers toward water droplets was likely a result of van der Waals forces and accumulated negative pressure forces. Such a fascinating porous surface (functionalized with TiO2 nanoparticles) of the PLA/TiO2 composite fiber scaffold endowed it with multiple useful functions, including water immobilization, antibacterial performance, and deodorization.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis and Incorporation of Sericin Silver Nanoclusters into Electrospun Ultrafine Cellulose Acetate Fibers for Anti-Bacterial Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1411
Author(s):  
Mujahid Mehdi ◽  
Huihui Qiu ◽  
Bing Dai ◽  
Raja Fahad Qureshi ◽  
Sadam Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Green Synthesis ◽  
Cellulose Acetate ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Silver Nanoclusters ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Field Emission Electron Microscopy

Fiber based antibacterial materials have gained an enormous attraction for the researchers in these days. In this study, a novel Sericin Encapsulated Silver Nanoclusters (sericin-AgNCs) were synthesized through single pot and green synthesis route. Subsequently these sericin-AgNCs were incorporated into ultrafine electrospun cellulose acetate (CA) fibers for assessing the antibacterial performance. The physicochemical properties of sericin-AgNCs/CA composite fibers were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and wide X-ray diffraction (XRD). The antibacterial properties of sericin-AgNCs/CA composite fibers against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) were systematically evaluated. The results showed that sericin-AgNCs incorporated in ultrafine CA fibers have played a vital role for antibacterial activity. An amount of 0.17 mg/mL sericin-AgNCs to CA fibers showed more than 90% results and elevated upto >99.9% with 1.7 mg/mL of sericin-AgNCs against E. coli. The study indicated that sericin-AgNCs/CA composite confirms an enhanced antibacterial efficiency, which could be used as a promising antibacterial product.

scholarly journals Centrifugally Spun α-Fe2O3/TiO2/Carbon Composite Fibers as Anode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 4032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Zuniga ◽  
Gabriel Gonzalez ◽  
Roberto Orrostieta Chavez ◽  
Jason C. Myers ◽  
Timothy P. Lodge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Performance ◽  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Composite Fiber ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Composite Fibers ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Binder Free

We report results on the electrochemical performance of flexible and binder-free α-Fe2O3/TiO2/carbon composite fiber anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The composite fibers were produced via centrifugal spinning and subsequent thermal processing. The fibers were prepared from a precursor solution containing PVP/iron (III) acetylacetonate/titanium (IV) butoxide/ethanol/acetic acid followed by oxidation at 200 °C in air and then carbonization at 550 °C under flowing argon. The morphology and structure of the composite fibers were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). These ternary composite fiber anodes showed an improved electrochemical performance compared to the pristine TiO2/C and α-Fe2O3/C composite fiber electrodes. The α-Fe2O3/TiO2/C composite fibers also showed a superior cycling performance with a specific capacity of 340 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at a current density of 100 mA g−1, compared to 61 mAh g−1 and 121 mAh g−1 for TiO2/C and α-Fe2O3/C composite electrodes, respectively. The improved electrochemical performance and the simple processing of these metal oxide/carbon composite fibers make them promising candidates for the next generation and cost-effective flexible binder-free anodes for LIBs.

scholarly journals Novel Catalytic Ceramic Conversion Treatment of Ti6Al4V for Improved Tribological and Antibacterial Properties for Biomedical Applications

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (21) ◽  
pp. 6554
Author(s):  
James Alexander ◽  
Huan Dong ◽  
Deepa Bose ◽  
Ali Abdelhafeez Hassan ◽  
Sein Leung Soo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Oxide Thickness ◽  
The Novel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wear Factor ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Colony Forming Units

Titanium oxide layers were produced via a novel catalytic ceramic conversion treatment (CCCT, C3T) on Ti-6Al-4V. This CCCT process is carried out by applying thin catalytic films of silver and palladium onto the substrate before an already established traditional ceramic conversion treatment (CCT, C2T) is carried out. The layers were characterised using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy; surface micro-hardness and reciprocating tribological performance was assessed; antibacterial performance was also assessed with s. aureus. This CCCT has been shown to increase the oxide thickness from ~ 5 to ~ 100 µm, with the production of an aluminium rich layer and agglomerates of silver and palladium oxide surrounded by vanadium oxide at the surface. The wear factor was significantly reduced from ~ 393 to ~ 5 m3/N·m, and a significant reduction in the number of colony-forming units per ml of Staphylococcus aureus on the CCCT surfaces was observed. The potential of the novel C3T treatment has been demonstrated by comparing the performance of C3T treated and untreated Ti6Al4V fixation pins through inserting into simulated bone materials.

Fire and thermal resistance properties of chemically treated ligno-cellulosic coconut fabric–reinforced polymer eco-nanocomposites

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Rajini ◽  
JT Winowlin Jappes ◽  
I Siva ◽  
A Varada Rajulu ◽  
S Rajakarunakaran
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Hybridization Effect ◽  
Flammability Characteristics ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The present work was aimed to develop naturally woven coconut sheath/polyester biocomposites. In these composites, montmorillonite nanoclay (5 wt%) was used as a second filler. The heat releasing rate and other flammability properties were studied using cone calorimeter. The coconut sheath reinforcement in polyester matrix significantly decreased the heat releasing rate when compared to that of the pristine polyester. However, the time to ignite the composite material was shorter than that of the pure polyester. The morphological changes on the fiber surface by the chemical modification significantly influenced the heat-releasing rate and other flammability characteristics due to better interfacial bonding. The hybridization effect of 5 wt% of nanoclay could greatly decrease the heat release rate and the mass loss rate of the composites by char formation mechanism. The characterization techniques such as the scanning electron microscopy and the transmission electron microscopy were used to study the morphological state of the fiber surface and dispersion of clay in the polyester nanocomposites. The thermogravimetric analysis was also carried out to study the effect of the nanoclay on the thermal stability of the coconut sheath/polyester composites at higher temperatures.

Economically Viable Fabrication Method of Nanocomposite Materials From Linear Arrays of Metallic Nanoparticles and Nanorods on Tubular Halloysite Templates

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Abdullayev ◽  
A. Joshi ◽  
W. Wei ◽  
Y. Zhao ◽  
Y. Lvov
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Thermal Reduction ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Fabrication Method ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Linear Arrays ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this work, we report a simple fabrication method for metal nanoparticles and nanorods on halloysite supports. Silver nanorods of 15 nm diameter were synthesized by thermal decomposition of silver acetate within halloysite lumen. Nanorods had crystalline nature with [111] axis oriented ∼ 68° from the halloysite tubule main axis. Linear arrays from gold, iron, cobalt and palladium nanoparticles on halloysite external surface were also synthesized by chemical and thermal reduction method. Samples were analyzed by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy. These in situ syntheses offer a simple method for large scale fabrication of metallic nanorods and core-shell ceramic nanocomposites, which can be used as antimicrobial additives in plastic composites, nanoelectronic and optical materials with biocompatibility and environmentally friendly. Antimicrobial thin films were prepared based on halloysite-silver nanocomposites and tested on E. Coli and S Aureus bacterial culture. Antibacterial performance of the nanocomposite material was superior to the other conventional antimicrobial additives (silver doped bioactive glasses and carbon nanotubes). Radiation protection coatings based on fabricated nanocomposite materials is under development.

Preparation of Antibacterial Silk and Analysis of Interface Formation Mechanism

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 155892501400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoli Chen ◽  
Liqiao Wei
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Valence Bond ◽  
Chemical Reduction Method ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antibacterial Performance ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Long Acting

Nano-Ag-loaded SiO2 antibacterial agent (Ag/SiO2) was prepared by a chemical reduction method and served as a modifier to endow silk fabric with antibacterial activity. Impregnated antibacterial silk (I-silk) and grafted antibacterial silk (G-silk) were obtained by dipping method and grafting with coupling agent KH550, respectively. The morphologies and valence-bond structures were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The washing fastness and antibacterial performance of G-silk were detected by the washing test and oscillation flask method. The results show that the chemical structure of G-silk changed in comparison with that of natural silk. The antibacterial rates of G-silk against E. coli and S. aureus were 96.5% and 92.8%, respectively. And it was still over 80% even after being washed for 30 times, suggesting good wash fastness and long-acting antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Improvement of Dispersion and Color Effect of Organic Pigments in Polymeric Films via Microencapsulation by the Miniemulsion Technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongming Qi ◽  
Zhijie Chen ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Zhihai Cao ◽  
Minghua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Adhesive Layer ◽  
Latex Film ◽  
Color Strength ◽  
Adhesive Film ◽  
Organic Pigments ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Digital Microscope ◽  
Fabric Surface

Three primary pigment/poly(n-butyl acrylate-co-styrene) (P(BA+St)) nanocomposites were prepared via encapsulation of the corresponding organic pigments via the miniemulsion technique. The resulting latexes of the P(BA+St)/pigment nanocomposites were filmed in a PTFE mould or printed onto cotton fabric. The morphology of the P(BA+St)/pigment nanocomposites and the dispersion of pigment particles in the latex film and on the printed fabric surface, as well as the adhesion between pigment and adhesive film, were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), 3D digital microscope system (3D-POM), and printing results tests. Attributing to the preprotection of adhesive polymer shell, the self-adhesive P(BA+St)/pigment nanocomposites were homogeneously and firmly dispersed both in the thin latex film and in the adhesive layer on the fiber surface. As a result, the color strength, color fastness, and handle of the fabrics printed by the P(BA+St)/pigment nanocomposites latex were significantly improved, compared to the fabrics printed by the conventional pigment blended latex.

Skeletal muscle capillary alterations and cell infiltrate in Schistosoma mansoni parasitized mice

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 278-279
Author(s):  
P. Tonino ◽  
H.J. Finol ◽  
A. Márquez ◽  
M. Arispe ◽  
G. Payares
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Polymorphonuclear Leucocytes ◽  
Cell Infiltrate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Microvascular Alterations

Most of the patients suffering from severe acute schistosomiasis present myalgias and weakness. The histopathological basis for these symptoms has not been investigated. In order to study this problem we used an animal model, the Schistosoma mansoni experimentally parasitized mice. This report is limited to describe the microvascular alterations observed.Five male NMRI albino mice were infected with Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Animals were sacrified one and three months after infection. Samples from gastrocnemius and soleus skeletal muscles were processed by routine techniques for transmission electron microscopy and observed in a Hitachi H-500 electron microscope.Ultrastructural alterations were observed in the capillaries including widening and vacuolation of endothelial cells (Figs.1,3), occlusion of lumen, mitochondrial abnormalities and lisosomal proliferation. Surface infoldings of endothelial cell were seen (Fig. 3). A varied cell infiltration was formed by mononuclear cells as macrophages (Fig. 1), lymphocytes (Fig. 3) and mast cells (Fig. 4). Polymorphonuclear leucocytes were also seen as neutrophils (Fig. 2) and eosinophils (Fig. 5). These cells were located beside the capillaries and next to the fiber surface. Parasites were not seen into skeletal muscle.

Characterization of BN Rich Layer on Ammonia Treated Nextel™312 Fibers

1994 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.R. Khasgiwale ◽  
E.P. Butler ◽  
L. Tsakalakos ◽  
D.A. Hensley ◽  
W.R. Cannon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Ammonia Treatment ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Before And After ◽  
High Resolution Tem

ABSTRACTA BN rich layer grown on Nextel™312 fibers by appropriate ammonia treatments was evaluated using various complimentary techniques including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)/ Parallel Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (PEELS in TEM). Three different ammonia treatments were studied. Ammonia treatment resulted in crystallization of the Nextel™312 fiber. The BN rich surface layer formed due to ammonia treatment was clearly detected in XPS and PEELS both before and after oxidation. The layer thickness was estimated to be between 5–10 nm. The layer was stable after oxidation treatment at 600°C for 100 hours. High resolution TEM observations of the fiber surface revealed a variable BN rich layer thickness. Patches of turbostratic BN were observed under certain conditions, however mostly the layer appeared to be amorphous.

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