scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of PVA/PDDA/Nano-Zirconia Composite Anion Exchange Membranes for Fuel Cells

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asep Muhamad Samsudin ◽  
Viktor Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Conductivity Measurement ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Chemical Structures

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) contribute significantly to enhance the performance and efficiency of alkaline polymer electrolyte fuel cells (APEFCs). A sequence of composite anion exchange membranes (AEMs) consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), and nano-zirconia (NZ) has been prepared by a solution casting technique. The effect of zirconia mass ratio on attribute and performance of composite AEMs was investigated. The chemical structures, morphology, thermal, and mechanical properties of AEMs were characterized by FTIR, SEM, thermogravimetric analysis, and universal testing machine, respectively. The performance of composite AEMs was verified using water uptake, swelling degree, ion-exchange capacity, and OH− conductivity measurement. The nano-zirconia was homogeneously dispersed in the PVA/PDDA AEMs matrix. The mechanical properties of the composite AEMs were considerably enhanced with the addition of NZ. Through the introduction of 1.5 wt.% NZ, PVA/PDDA/NZ composite AEMs acquired the highest hydroxide conductivity of 31.57 mS·cm−1 at ambient condition. This study demonstrates that the PVA/PDDA/NZ AEMs are a potential candidate for APEFCs application.

Bis-imidazolium based poly(phenylene oxide) anion exchange membranes for fuel cells: the effect of cross-linking

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (21) ◽  
pp. 13275-13283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bencai Lin ◽  
Fei Xu ◽  
Fuqiang Chu ◽  
Yurong Ren ◽  
Jianning Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Oxidation Stability ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Alkaline Stability ◽  
Phenylene Oxide

Cross-linked membranes showed vastly improved alkaline stability, oxidation stability and mechanical properties compared with uncross-linked membranes due to the effective cross-linked structure.

scholarly journals Poly(vinyl alcohol)-based Anion Exchange Membranes for Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 435-443
Author(s):  
Asep Muhamad Samsudin ◽  
Sigrid Wolf ◽  
Michaela Roschger ◽  
Viktor Hacker
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Alkaline Polymer Electrolyte

Crosslinked anion exchange membranes (AEMs) made from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as a backbone polymer and different approaches to functional group introduction were prepared by means of solution casting with thermal and chemical crosslinking. Membrane characterization was performed by SEM, FTIR, and thermogravimetric analyses. The performance of AEMs was evaluated by water uptake, swelling degree, ion exchange capacity, OH- conductivity, and single cell tests. A combination of quaternized ammonium poly(vinyl alcohol) (QPVA) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDMAC) showed the highest conductivity, water uptake, and swelling among other functional group sources. The AEM with a combined mass ratio of QPVA and PDDMAC of 1:0.5 (QPV/PDD0.5) has the highest hydroxide conductivity of 54.46 mS cm-1. The single fuel cell tests with QPV/PDD0.5 membrane yield the maximum power density and current density of 8.6 mW cm-2 and 47.6 mA cm-2 at 57 °C. This study demonstrates that PVA-based AEMs have the potential for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) application.

scholarly journals Preparation of Miscible PVA/PEG Blends and Effect of Graphene Concentration on Thermal, Crystallization, Morphological, and Mechanical Properties of PVA/PEG (10 wt%) Blend

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahad H. Falqi ◽  
Osamah A. Bin-Dahman ◽  
M. Hussain ◽  
Mamdouh A. Al-Harthi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Tensile Testing Machine ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Casting Technique ◽  
Dsc Studies

Water-soluble polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and their nanocomposites with graphene were prepared by using a solution mixing and casting technique. The effect of different PEG loadings was investigated to determine the optimum blend ratio. The films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) methods. Also, the mechanical properties including tensile strength and elongation at break were measured using a universal tensile testing machine. FTIR results confirmed the formation of the H-bond between PEG and PVA. DSC studies revealed that PEG has a significant plasticization effect on PVA as seen by the drop in the glass transition temperature (Tg). The blend with 10 wt% PEG loading was found to be the optimum blend because of good compatibility as shown by FTIR and SEM results and improved thermal properties. PVA/PEG (10%) nanocomposites were prepared using graphene as a nanofiller. It was found that the elongation at break increased by 62% from 147% for the PVA/PEG (10%) blend to 209% for the nanocomposite with graphene loading of 0.2 wt%. The experimental values of tensile strength were compared using the predictive model of Nicolais and Narkis.

scholarly journals Study on Synthesis and Characterization of Composite Anion Exchange Membrane Based on poly(styrene-co-vinylbenzyl ammonium hydroxide) and poly(vinyl alcohol)

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Thi Hong Nhung ◽  
Huynh Thi Lan Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Huu Tho ◽  
Nguyen Thi Cam Ha ◽  
Nguyen Van Thuc
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Exchange Membrane ◽  
Vinyl Benzyl

 In this study, poly(styrene-co-vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium chloride) with different styrene to vinyl benzyl chloride ratio (3:1, 1:1, 1:2) have been synthesized. The formation ofproducts was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (1H NMR). Then, anion exchange membranes were prepared by combination of poly(styrene-co-vinyl benzyl trimethyl ammonium hydroxide) and poly (vinyl alcohol) The obtained membranes were evaluated for their own conductivity, anion exchange capacity, and thermal decomposition. The results showed that the anion exchange membrane produced from copolymer with styrene to vinyl benzyl chloride ratio 1: 2 exhibited good hydroxide conductivity of 7 mS/cm, ion exchange capacity was 0.65mmol/g and stability to 200oC. Keywords Membrane, poly(vinyl alcohol), copolymer, conductivity, fuel cell. References [1] D. J. Kim, C. H. Park, S. Y. Nam, Characterization of a soluble poly(ether ether ketone) anion exchange membrane for fuel cell application, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41 (2016) 7649-7658. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j. ijhydene.2015.12.088[2] J. Fu, J. Qiao, H. Lv, J. Ma, X.-Z. Yuan, H. Wang, Alkali doped poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for anion-exchange membrane fuel cells - Ionic conductivity, chemical stability and FT-IR characterizations, Alkaline Electrochem. Power Sources 25 (2010) 15–23. http://doi.rog/10.1149/ 1.3315169[3] D. L. Zugic, I. M. Perovic, V. M. Nikolic, S. L. Maslovara, M. P. Marceta Kaninski, Enhanced Performance of the Solid Alkaline Fuel Cell Using PVA-KOH Membrane, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 8 (2013) 949-957. [4] Jikihara, R. Ohashi, Y. Kakihana, M. Higa, and K. Kobayashi, Electrodialytic transport properties of anion-exchange membranes prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(vinyl alcohol-co-methacryloyl aminopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), Membranes (Basel) 3 (2013) 1-15. http: //doi.rog/10.3390/membranes3010001[5] S. Vengatesan, S. Santhi, S. Jeevanantham, G. Sozhan, Quaternized poly(styrene-co-vynylbenzyl choloride) anion exchange membranes for alkaline water electrolysers, Journal of Power Sources 84 (2015) 361-368. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour. 2015.02.118[6] L. E. Shmukler, N. V. Thuc, and L. P. Safonova, Conductivity and thermal stability of proton-conducting electrolytes at confined geometry of polymeric gel, Ionics 19 (2013) 701-707. https:// doi.org/10.1007/s11581-012-0800-2[7] D//A. Lewandowski, K. Skorupska, J. Malinska, Novel poly(vinyl alcohol)–KOH–H2O alkaline polymer electrolyte, Solid State Ionics 133 (2000) 265-271. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-2738(00) 00733-5 [8] Jun F, Y. Wu, Y. Zhang, M. Lyu, J. Zhao, Novel anion exchange membranes based on pyridinium groups and fluoroacrylate for alkaline anion exchange membrane fuel cells, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 40 (2015) 12392-12399. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.ijhydene.2015.07.074[9] Géraldine M, M. Wessling, K. Nijmeijer Anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells: A review, Journal of Membrane Science, 377(2011) 1-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.04.043.    

Anion exchange membranes based on poly(vinyl alcohol) and quaternized polyethyleneimine for direct methanol fuel cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 3853-3860 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Yu Xu ◽  
Tian Yi Guo ◽  
Chun Hui Zhao ◽  
Ian Broadwell ◽  
Qiu Gen Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Polymeric materials as anion-exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 36 (11) ◽  
pp. 1521-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Couture ◽  
Ali Alaaeddine ◽  
Frédéric Boschet ◽  
Bruno Ameduri
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Anion Exchange Membranes ◽  
Alkaline Fuel Cells
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