scholarly journals Copper Metallopolymer Catalyst for the Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER)

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sait Elmas ◽  
Thomas Macdonald ◽  
William Skinner ◽  
Mats Andersson ◽  
Thomas Nann
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Reversible Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
P Type

Conjugated polymers with stabilizing coordination units for single-site catalytic centers are excellent candidates to minimize the use of expensive noble metal electrode materials. In this study, conjugated metallopolymer, POS[Cu], was synthesized and fully characterized by means of spectroscopical, electrochemical, and photophysical methods. The copper metallopolymer was found to be highly active for the electrocatalytic hydrogen generation (HER) in an aqueous solution at pH 7.4 and overpotentials at 300 mV vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Compared to the platinum electrode, the obtained overpotential is only 100 mV higher. The photoelectrochemical tests revealed that the complexation of the conjugated polymer POS turned its intrinsically electron-accepting (p-type) properties into an electron-donor (n-type) with photocurrent responses ten times higher than the organic photoelectrode.

Potential dependence of methanol electrosorption on platinum

1969 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Biegler
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Reversible Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Trace Impurities ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Potential Dependence ◽  
Irreversible Oxidation ◽  
Steady Stage

Adsorption of methanol from acid solution onto a smooth platinum electrode is studied using fast anodic potential sweeps to determine coverages. Between 0.15 and 0.6 V (against reversible hydrogen electrode) the coverage is found to be almost independent of potential. Below 0.15 V coverage measurements are unreliable because of the very slow approach to the steady state and competition for the surface by trace impurities. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that chemisorbed methanol is a stable intermediate in a sequence of irreversible oxidation stages and that the steady-stage coverage cannot be considered as a true adsorption equilibrium.

Quenching of the Magnetic Field Effect on the Photocurrent and Photocurrent Detected Magnetic Resonance in Conjugated Polymer-Fullerene Diodes

1999 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Scharber ◽  
C. J. Brabec ◽  
F. Padinger ◽  
N. S. Sariciftci
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Magnetic Field Effect ◽  
Metal Electrode ◽  
Polymer Devices ◽  
Plastic Solar Cells ◽  
The Magnetic Field

ABSTRACTWe have studied the effect of a magnetic field on the photocurrent of MDMO-PPV (poly(2-methoxy,5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene) and MDMOPPV/fullerene diodes (plastic solar cells) and performed photocurrent detected magnetic resonance (PCDMR) experiments on these devices consisting of an active layer sandwiched between a low and a high workfunction metal electrode. Results clearly show that the magnetic field effect (MFE) on the photocuttent as well as PCDMR signals are quenched in conjugated polymer/fullerene composite devices in contrast to large signals observed in the pristine conjugated polymer devices. Photoinduced electron transfer from conjugated polymers onto fullerene is proposed to be responsible for this quenching.

scholarly journals A review of π-conjugated polymer-based nanocomposites for metal-ion batteries and supercapacitors

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Santosh J. Uke ◽  
Satish P. Mardikar ◽  
Ashwani Kumar ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Meenal Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Redox Activity ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
High Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Structural Versatility

Owing to their extraordinary properties of π-conjugated polymers (π-CPs), such as light weight, structural versatility, ease of synthesis and environmentally friendly nature, they have attracted considerable attention as electrode material for metal-ion batteries (MIBs) and supercapacitors (SCPs). Recently, researchers have focused on developing nanostructured π-CPs and their composites with metal oxides and carbon-based materials to enhance the energy density and capacitive performance of MIBs and SCPs. Also, the researchers recently demonstrated various novel strategies to combine high electrical conductivity and high redox activity of different π-CPs. To reflect this fact, the present review investigates the current advancements in the synthesis of nanostructured π-CPs and their composites. Further, this review explores the recent development in different methods for the fabrication and design of π-CPs electrodes for MIBs and SCPs. In review, finally, the future prospects and challenges of π-CPs as an electrode materials for strategies for MIBs and SCPs are also presented.

scholarly journals Design and evaluation of conjugated polymers with polar side chains as electrode materials for electrochemical energy storage in aqueous electrolytes

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1349-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davide Moia ◽  
Alexander Giovannitti ◽  
Anna A. Szumska ◽  
Iuliana P. Maria ◽  
Elham Rezasoltani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Electrochemical Energy Storage ◽  
Aqueous Electrolytes ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Fast Charging ◽  
P Type ◽  
Electrochemical Energy

Solution processable p-type and n-type conjugated polymers with polar side chains enable fast charging in aqueous electrolytes and 1.4 V cell voltage.

scholarly journals NiO Nanosheets Coupled With CdS Nanorods as 2D/1D Heterojunction for Improved Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Wei ◽  
Deqian Zeng ◽  
Zongzhuo Xie ◽  
Qingru Zeng ◽  
Hongfei Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Cds Nanorods ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Type Semiconductor ◽  
P Type ◽  
Nio Nanosheets

Designing low-cost, environment friendly, and highly active photocatalysts for water splitting is a promising path toward relieving energy issues. Herein, one-dimensional (1D) cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanorods are uniformly anchored onto two-dimensional (2D) NiO nanosheets to achieve enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The optimized 2D/1D NiO/CdS photocatalyst exhibits a remarkable boosted hydrogen generation rate of 1,300 μmol h−1 g−1 under visible light, which is more than eight times higher than that of CdS nanorods. Moreover, the resultant 5% NiO/CdS composite displays excellent stability over four cycles for photocatalytic hydrogen production. The significantly enhanced photocatalytic activity of the 2D/1D NiO/CdS heterojunction can be attributed to the efficient separation of photogenerated charge carriers driven from the formation of p-n NiO/CdS heterojunction. This study paves a new way to develop 2D p-type NiO nanosheets-decorated n-type semiconductor photocatalysts for photocatalytic applications.

scholarly journals Effect of Side Chain Substituent Volume on Thermoelectric Properties of IDT-Based Conjugated Polymers

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 963
Author(s):  
De-Xun Xie ◽  
Tong-Chao Liu ◽  
Jing Xiao ◽  
Jing-Kun Fang ◽  
Cheng-Jun Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Side Chains ◽  
Bulky Substituent ◽  
P Type

A p-type thermoelectric conjugated polymer based on indacenodithiophene and benzothiadiazole is designed and synthesized by replacing normal aliphatic side chains (P1) with conjugated aromatic benzene substituents (P2). The introduced bulky substituent on P2 is detrimental to form the intensified packing of polymers, therefore, it hinders the efficient transporting of the charge carriers, eventually resulting in a lower conductivity compared to that of the polymers bearing aliphatic side chains (P1). These results reveal that the modification of side chains on conjugated polymers is crucial to rationally designed thermoelectric polymers with high performance.

scholarly journals Incorporating Cyano Groups to a Conjugated Polymer Based on Double B←N Bridged Bipyridine Unit for Unipolar n-Type Organic Field-Effect Transistors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
Xu Cao ◽  
Yang Min ◽  
Hongkun Tian
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Semiconducting Polymers ◽  
Organic Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Strong Electron ◽  
Cyano Groups ◽  
P Type

The development of n-type semiconductors lags far behind that of their p-type counterparts, demonstrating the exploration of exclusive n-type π-conjugated polymers is significant. The double B←N bridged bipyridine (BNBP)-based polymers P-BNBP-TVT containing (E)-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethene (TVT) previously reported exhibits ambipolar character because of the electron-rich nature. Herein, we incorporated strong electron-withdrawing cyano groups into the 3,3’-positions of TVT moiety to a copolymer P-BNBP-2CNTVT to develop n-type π-conjugated polymers. The LUMO/HOMO energy levels of P-BNBP-2CNTVT are –3.80/–5.95 eV, respectively, which are ~0.4 eV lower than that of P-BNBP-TVT without cynao groups. Unsurprisingly, compared with ambipolar P-BNBP-TVT, the organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) based on P-BNBP-2CNTVT showed unipolar n-type characteristics with an electron mobility of 0.026 cm2 V–1 s–1 and lower threshold voltage of ~25 V as well as high Ion/Ioff of ~105. This study demonstrates organoboron π-conjugated polymers could be regarded as a tool for constructing exclusive n-type semiconducting polymers used in OFETs.

Adsorption and Oxidation of Thiosulfate on the Platinum Electrode in a Slightly Alkaline Medium

2000 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Loučka
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Medium ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Platinum Electrode ◽  
Adsorbed Layer ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Adsorbed Hydrogen ◽  
Oxidation Number ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Layer Region

The aim of this research was to study the oxidation and reduction of the adsorbed thiosulfate on the platinum electrode in a slightly alkaline medium. The adsorption was performed at the open circuit conditions. The reduction of the adsorbed layer in the hydrogen region is slower in a slightly alkaline medium than in acid. The mechanism of reduction and oxidation of adsorbed molecules is probably the same. The nonstationary currents measured in presence of thiosulfates showed that the change in the oxidation number does not take place during the adsorption in the double layer region. In the hydrogen region, thiosulfate replaces the adsorbed hydrogen while beeing reduced. Nonstationary currents at higher concentrations of thiosulfate indicate the presence of more layers on the electrode. Upon reaching higher concentrations of thiosulfate the oxidation reaction takes place between thiosulfate in solution and adsorbed product of its reduction. The open circuit potential of the platinum electrode measured in a thiosulfate solution was 0.780 and 0.783 V against the hydrogen electrode in the same solution.

In Situ Activated Co3–xNixO4 as a Highly Active and Ultrastable Electrocatalyst for Hydrogen Generation

ACS Catalysis ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 8174-8182
Author(s):  
Kailu Guo ◽  
Yantao Wang ◽  
Junfeng Huang ◽  
Min Lu ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Generation ◽  
Highly Active

Strategies and concepts in n-doped conjugated polymer thermoelectrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 5149-5163
Author(s):  
Teck Lip Dexter Tam ◽  
Jianwei Xu
Keyword(s):  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Conjugated Polymer ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Structure Engineering

In this review, we discuss strategies & concepts in chemical structure engineering for n-type conjugated polymers & n-dopants that have brought about huge improvements in the performance of n-doped conjugated polymer thermoelectrics in recent years.

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