scholarly journals Zinc Nutritional Status in Patients with Cystic Fibrosis

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlene Fabiola Escobedo Monge ◽  
Enrique Barrado ◽  
Carmen Alonso Vicente ◽  
María Paz Redondo del Río ◽  
José Manuel Marugán de Miguelsanz
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Marginal Zinc Deficiency

Background: Zinc is an essential nutrient for all forms of life and its deficiency affects the normal growth and development of human beings. Objective: The main aim was to investigate zinc nutritional status by serum zinc concentration (SZC) and dietary zinc intake and their association in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in CF patients. Anthropometric measurements and respiratory and pancreatic tests were conducted. Hypozincemia was determined by SZC while using atomic absorption spectrophotometry and dietary zinc deficiency by prospective 72-h dietary surveys. Results: Mean SZC (87.2 ± 16.7 μg/dL) and dietary zinc intake (97 ± 26.9% Dietary Reference Intake) were normal. Three of 17 patients with CF (17.6%) had hypozincemia and four (23.5%) had a dietary zinc deficiency. No patient with dietary zinc deficiency had hypozincemia. A positive and significant association was observed between SZC and Z-score of BMI-for-age (p = 0.048) and weight-for-height (p = 0.012) and between dietary zinc intake and energy intake (EI, p = 0.036) and Z-score of weight-for-high (p = 0.029). Conclusion: SZC was associated with the nutritional status, expressed as BMI (Body Mass Index) and weight-for-height Z score, and dietary zinc intake with EI and weight-for-height Z-score. No patient with hypozincemia had dietary zinc deficiency. This situation should alert us to a marginal zinc deficiency and it may explain why there were no overlapping cases between the two groups. We suggest that probably 41% of the cases in this study would be at elevated risk of zinc deficiency and a zinc supplementation may be considered.

scholarly journals Zinc Nutritional Status in a Series of Children with Chronic Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1121
Author(s):  
Marlene Fabiola Escobedo-Monge ◽  
María Carmen Torres-Hinojal ◽  
Enrique Barrado ◽  
María Antonieta Escobedo-Monge ◽  
José Manuel Marugán-Miguelsanz
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Dietary Reference Intake ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Zinc Intake

Background: Zinc is an essential trace element for the normal growth and development of human beings. The main objective was to evaluate the nutritional status of zinc and its association with nutritional indicators in a series of children with chronic diseases. Methods: The prevalence of patients with dietary zinc deficiency or deficit zinc intake (<80% DRI: dietary reference intake) was analyzed through prospective 72 h dietary surveys, and serum zinc deficiency or hypozincemia (≤70 µg/dL in children under 10 years of age in both sexes and in females older than 10 years and <74 μg/dL in males older than 10 years) was measured through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The participants were classified according to their nutritional status by body mass index (BMI). Results: Mean serum zinc level in obese (87 µg/dL), undernourished (85 µg/dL), and eutrophic children (88 µg/dL) were normal, but in the undernutrition (60% DRI) and eutrophic (67% DRI) groups the mean dietary zinc intake was low compared to that in the obesity group (81% DRI). There were different associations between nutritional parameters, dietary zinc intake, and serum zinc. All patients with hypozincemia had dietary zinc deficiency. Conclusions: In the whole series, 69% of participants showed a zinc intake lower than recommended and might be at high risk of zinc deficiency.

scholarly journals Copper and Copper/Zinc Ratio in a Series of Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3344
Author(s):  
Marlene Fabiola Escobedo-Monge ◽  
Enrique Barrado ◽  
Carmen Alonso Vicente ◽  
María Antonieta Escobedo-Monge ◽  
María Carmen Torres-Hinojal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Copper Zinc

Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients require a stable and sufficient supply of micronutrients. Since copper is an essential micronutrient for human development, a cross-sectional study was carried out to investigate the serum copper levels, serum copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) ratios, and their relationship with nutritional indicators in a group of CF patients. Anthropometric, biochemical, and dietary measurements, an abdominal ultrasound, and respiratory and pancreatic tests were conducted. Seventeen CF patients were studied (10 females, 59%), 76.5% of whom were ∆F580. Their mean serum copper (113 ± 23 μg/dL) was normal, and there was only one teenager with hypocupremia (6%) and two children with hypercupremia (18%). A significant association between serum copper and zinc levels was discovered. The Cu/Zn ratio was higher than 1.00 for 94% of patients, which is an indicator of an inflammation status. There was no significant correlation between the serum copper concentrations and respiratory and pancreatic function, respiratory colonization, and the results of the abdominal ultrasound. Linear regression analysis showed that serum copper had a positive association with both the Z-score body mass index (BMI) and mean bone conduction speed (BCS). Therefore, since 94% of CF patients had a Cu/Zn ratio > 1.00, this factor must alert us to consider the risk of zinc deficiency and high inflammatory response. The measurement of serum zinc alone does not show one’s zinc status. However, the Cu/Zn ratio may be an indicator of zinc deficiency and the inflammatory status of CF patients.

scholarly journals The effect of dietary zinc deficiency on pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) activity and on the absorption of pteroylpolyglutamate in rats

1989 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 185-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C. Canton ◽  
B. M. Cotter ◽  
F. M. Cremin ◽  
P. A. Morrissey
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Pancreatic Enzyme ◽  
Hydrolase Activity ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
Plasma Folate ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

The effect of dietary zinc deficiency on γ-glutamyl hydrolase (EC3.4.22.12) activity and on pteroylpolyglutamate absorption was investigated in rats. Enzyme activity was determined in pancreas and gut lumen washings. Pteroylpolyglutamate absorption was studied by determining the rise in plasma folate levels following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion. Two experiments were performed; in each purified diets were given to three groups of immature male Wistar rats for approximately 2 weeks. One group was given a Zn-deficient dietad lib.(ZD), the second was pair-fed daily with this group on a Zn-adequate diet (PF) and the third was given the Zn-adequate dietad lib.(AL). In Expt 1, significantly reduced pancreatic γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity was observed in ZD rats. In Expt 2, pteroylpolyglutamate was administered on day 14 and in the 3 h period following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion, lumen γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity and plasma folate levels were significantly lower in ZD rats. Pancreas is reported as the source of lumen γ-glutamyl hydrolase in rats. The results presented indicate that the pancreatic enzyme is Zn-sensitive. It was concluded that, as a result, γ-glutamyl hydrolase activity was reduced in the lumen of ZD rats. Consequently the hydrolysis and subsequent absorption of pteroylpolyglutamate was impaired in ZD rats, as indicated by the smaller rise in plasma folate levels that occurred following pteroylpolyglutamate ingestion. Results of this study concur with previous observations in human beings and rats that Zn deficiency has an adverse effect on folate metabolism.

Dietary Zinc Intake and Plasma Zinc Concentrations in Children with Short Stature and Failure to Thrive

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Yazbeck ◽  
Rima Hanna-Wakim ◽  
Rym El Rafei ◽  
Abir Barhoumi ◽  
Chantal Farra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Background: The burden of zinc deficiency on children includes an increased incidence of diarrhea, failure to thrive (FTT) and short stature. The aim of this study was to assess whether children with FTT and/or short stature have lower dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations compared to controls. Methods: A case-control study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center included 161 subjects from 1 to 10 years of age. Results: Cases had a statistically significant lower energy intake (960.9 vs. 1,135.2 kcal for controls, p = 0.010), lower level of fat (30.3 vs. 36.5 g/day, p = 0.0043) and iron intake (7.4 vs. 9.1 mg/day, p = 0.034). There was no difference in zinc, copper, carbohydrate and protein intake between the 2 groups. The plasma zinc concentration did not differ between the cases and controls (97.4 vs. 98.2 μg/dl, p = 0.882). More cases had mild-to-moderate zinc deficiency when compared to controls with 10.3 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.095. Conclusion: Our study did not show statistically significant difference in dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations between children with FTT and/or short stature compared to healthy controls. A prospective study is planned to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on growth parameters in FTT children.

Changes in Serum Zinc Levels Associated with Giardiasis and Dietary Zinc Intake in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Quihui-Cota ◽  
Rosa Olivia Méndez Estrada ◽  
Humberto Astiazarán-García ◽  
Gloria Guadalupe Morales-Figueroa ◽  
Mario Jesús Moreno-Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels

scholarly journals Zinc Intake, Zinc Serum Levels, and Intelligence in School Children in Rural Areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (E) ◽  
pp. 394-397
Author(s):  
Rostika Flora ◽  
Nur Alam Fajar ◽  
Fatmalina Febri ◽  
Indah Yuliana ◽  
Yuliarti Yuliarti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Serum Zn ◽  
Zinc Levels ◽  
Serum Zinc Levels ◽  
Low Serum

BACKGROUND: Children in rural areas are susceptible to zinc deficiency. Zinc deficiency in children can affect cognitive function in children. Zinc plays a role in cellular function and critical brain growth processes, including cell replication, DNA and RNA synthesis, and the release of neurotransmitters. AIM: This study aimed to analyze the condition of zinc deficiency and its relationship with the level of intelligence in children in rural areas. METHODS: The study design was cross-sectional, with a sample of 44 elementary school children aged 9–12 years taken randomly. Blood was drawn to measure serum Zn-levels, and serum Zn-levels were measured using Colorimetric Assay Kit (E-BC-K137). Zinc intake data were obtained from the food recall form, which was carried out 3 × 24 h. The level of intelligence is measured by the Culture Fair Intelligence Test method. The sample characteristics data obtained through a questionnaire. Furthermore, the data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. RESULTS: About 84.2% of children with insufficient zinc intake had low serum Zn-levels. There was a significant relationship between zinc intake and serum zinc levels (p = 0.026; PR = 4.293). Children with low serum zinc levels of 96.5% have intelligence levels below average. There was a significant relationship between serum zinc levels and intelligence level as well (p = 0.001; PR = 24,500). CONCLUSION: Zinc deficiency in children is characterized by low serum Zn-levels. Low serum Zn-level is caused by low zinc intake, thus children with low serum Zn-levels are at risk of having intelligence level below average. Therefore, health education about the importance of zinc intake in children should be given to parents, so that the incidence of zinc deficiency in children can be reduced.

Dietary Indicators for Assessing the Adequacy of Population Zinc Intakes

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (3_suppl3) ◽  
pp. S430-S453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Hotz
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Relative Magnitude ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Energy Agency ◽  
Health Organization

The assessment of dietary zinc intakes is an important component of evaluating the risk of zinc deficiency in populations, and for designing appropriate food-based interventions, including fortification, to improve zinc intakes. The prevalence of inadequate zinc intakes can describe the relative magnitude of the risk of zinc deficiency in the population and identify subpopulations at elevated risk. As a cornerstone to evaluating the adequacy of population zinc intakes globally, a set of internationally appropriate dietary reference intakes must be defined. The World Health Organization/Food and Agriculture Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency (WHO/FAO/IAEA) and the Food and Nutrition Board/US Institute of Medicine (FNB/IOM) have presented estimated average requirements (EAR) for dietary zinc intake, and, more recently, the International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG) presented a revised set of recommendations for international use. A prevalence of inadequate zinc intakes greater than 25% is considered to represent an elevated risk of population zinc deficiency. As the requirement estimates are derived from smaller, clinical studies and, for children, most components of the estimates are extrapolated from data for adults, it was desirable to evaluate their internal validity. The estimated physiological requirements for adult men and women appear to adequately predict zinc status as determined by biochemical indicators of status and/or zinc balance. With the use of data from available studies, the reported prevalence of low serum zinc concentration and the estimated prevalence of inadequate zinc intakes predict similar levels of risk of zinc deficiency, particularly among pregnant and nonpregnant women. Conformity between these two indicators is less consistent for children, suggesting that further data and/or direct studies of zinc requirements among children are needed.

scholarly journals The nutritional status of children with cystic fibrosis

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexia J. Murphy ◽  
Helen M. Buntain ◽  
Claire E. Wainwright ◽  
Peter S. W. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Treatment Support ◽  
Nutritional Status Of Children

The importance of nutritional intervention for children with cystic fibrosis (CF) is well recognised. It would be expected that the increase in knowledge over the past decade would be reflected in improvements in nutritional status for the CF paediatric population. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the nutritional status of children with CF, cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Body cell mass adjusted for gender and size (BCM/Htp) was measured in sixty-four children with CF to represent nutritional status and expressed as a Z-score. The cross-sectional results showed a mean BCM/Htp Z-score of 0·54 (sd 1·21), with males having a slightly higher Z-score than females but with a larger variation. At the initial measurement, only one female and one male were considered sub-optimally nourished. The longitudinal analysis after 2 years showed that the mean population had a significantly decreased BCM/Htp Z-score; however, when each gender was analysed separately, this decrease was significant only in the males. At the final measurement, only two females and three males were considered sub-optimally nourished. It is evident from our results that children with CF are well nourished, with only a small percentage considered malnourished. It appears that nutritional status decreases with age, with this decline being more evident in males. These results signify that although children with CF are better nourished with current treatment support, intervention needs to continue throughout a CF patient's life to counteract the changes that occur with age.

scholarly journals Zinc as a risk factor for myopia: Can we accurately assess status?

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niamh Burke ◽  
John S. Butler ◽  
Ian Flitcroft ◽  
James Loughman
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
National Health ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Zinc Status ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The World

AbstractMyopia is one of the leading causes of preventable blindness in the world. Its prevalence has risen drastically over recent decades, and it is estimated that close to half the world population will be myopic by 2050.The rise in myopia is lifestyle related. Myopia occurs as a consequence of excessive eye growth, which may be related to general growth. Diet, therefore, is a potential risk factor. A number of Asian studies have reported lower levels of zinc in myopic adolescents, when compared to controls. Currently, there are no reliable indicators of zinc status. This study explores the association between zinc status and myopia using a combination of zinc assessment methods.Participants from two different population-based studies were used. Data from 1,095 adolescents aged 12–19 years, from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Study were used to examine the relationship between dietary zinc intake and myopia. Data from 304 subjects of similar age from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Study were used to examine the association between serum zinc levels and myopia using multivariate logistic regression.43% (NHANES) and 84% (KNHANES) of subjects were found to be myopic. Mean dietary intake of zinc was lower among myopes relative to non-myopes, but not significantly. In multivariate logistic regression, dietary zinc was not significantly associated with myopia. Among Korean subjects mean serum zinc was found to be higher in non-myopes v. myopes (p = 0.809). Multiple logistic regression did not show any significant relationship between serum zinc and myopia, after adjustment for confounders.In contrast to previous studies, no relationship was found between lower dietary zinc intake or lower serum zinc, and myopia. Currently the BOND Zinc Expert Panel recommend plasma zinc concentration to assess zinc status, despite its extreme sensitivity to both internal and external factors like; inflammation, fasting, pregnancy, oral contraception and diurnal rhythm. Biological samples are very easily contaminated, meaning strict quality controls and procedures are required. These factors severely impact reliability, and thus, comparison between studies is challenging, particularly in the case of contrasting findings.As zinc is a vital micronutrient and an estimated one-third of the population are affected by zinc deficiency. A reliable biomarker of status is important, for clinical and research needs.

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