Dietary Zinc Intake and Plasma Zinc Concentrations in Children with Short Stature and Failure to Thrive

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine Yazbeck ◽  
Rima Hanna-Wakim ◽  
Rym El Rafei ◽  
Abir Barhoumi ◽  
Chantal Farra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Failure To Thrive ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Background: The burden of zinc deficiency on children includes an increased incidence of diarrhea, failure to thrive (FTT) and short stature. The aim of this study was to assess whether children with FTT and/or short stature have lower dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations compared to controls. Methods: A case-control study conducted at the American University of Beirut Medical Center included 161 subjects from 1 to 10 years of age. Results: Cases had a statistically significant lower energy intake (960.9 vs. 1,135.2 kcal for controls, p = 0.010), lower level of fat (30.3 vs. 36.5 g/day, p = 0.0043) and iron intake (7.4 vs. 9.1 mg/day, p = 0.034). There was no difference in zinc, copper, carbohydrate and protein intake between the 2 groups. The plasma zinc concentration did not differ between the cases and controls (97.4 vs. 98.2 μg/dl, p = 0.882). More cases had mild-to-moderate zinc deficiency when compared to controls with 10.3 vs. 3.6%, p = 0.095. Conclusion: Our study did not show statistically significant difference in dietary zinc intake and plasma zinc concentrations between children with FTT and/or short stature compared to healthy controls. A prospective study is planned to assess the effect of zinc supplementation on growth parameters in FTT children.

No association between zinc and thyroid activity in obese women

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jéssica Batista Beserra ◽  
Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais ◽  
Juliana Soares Severo ◽  
Kyria Jayanne Clímaco Cruz ◽  
Ana Raquel Soares de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Abstract. Obesity is characterized by changes in the metabolism of zinc and thyroid hormones. Studies have also shown the role of zinc in the function and metabolism of thyroid. The present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum concentrations of thyroid hormones, dietary zinc intake and zinc distribution in obese women. A case-control study was conducted enrolling 98 women aged between 20 and 50 years old who were divided into case group (BMI ≥ 35 kg/m2) and control group (BMI = 18.5–24.9 kg/m2). Patients underwent anthropometric measurements and analysis of dietary zinc intake, which was performed by a three-day food record. Zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes were determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Serum concentrations of thyroid hormones and antibodies were determined by chemiluminescence. Mean values of dietary zinc intake were higher than recommended (10.37 ± 3.12 mg/day and 11.37 ± 4.36 mg/day for control and obeses, respectively). Obese women had reduced plasma (67.22 ± 5.96 μg/dL) and erythrocyte (37.16 ± 3.64 μg Zn/gHb) zinc concentrations when compared to the control group (plasma: 89.71 ± 13.33 μg/dL; erythrocyte: 42.68 ± 3.73 μg Zn/gHb) (p < 0.001). Serum TSH (control: 2.62 ± 1.29 μIU/mL; obeses: 3.08 ± 1.13 μIU/mL), Free T3 (control: 2.19 ± 0.63 pg/dL; obeses: 2.09 ± 0.34 pg/dL), and Free T4 (control: 1.12 ± 0.31 ng/dL; obeses: 1.09 ± 0.19 ng/dL) concentrations were within the normal range in both groups, without significant difference between them (p > 0.05). There was no correlation between thyroid hormone concentrations and zinc parameters (p > 0.05). Although obese women presented hypozincemia, they had normal levels of thyroid hormones and no correlation was found between the studied parameters.

Enteropathic acrodermatitis in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
V.P. Novikova ◽  
◽  
A.A. Pokhlebkina ◽  
D.V. Zaslavsky ◽  
A.I. Khavkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Topical Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Zinc Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Significant Treatment ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Erythematous Plaques

Enteropathic acrodermatitis is a rare hereditary form of zinc deficiency, characterized by periorial and acral dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea. Refers to congenital disorders of zinc metabolism, inherited as an autosomal recessive disease resulting from mutations in the gene for the zinc transporter SLC39A4. The prevalence ranges from 1 to 9:1,000,000, with an overall incidence of 1:500,000 newborns. The disease usually manifests itself in infancy, within a few weeks of stopping breastfeeding and switching the baby to a cow's milk-based formula, or in the first days of life if artificially fed from birth. The classical clinical manifestations of acrodermatitis enteropathic are characterized by the triad: acral and periofital dermatitis, alopecia and diarrhea, but all three signs together occur only in 20% of cases. Diarrhea may develop concurrently with skin symptoms, may precede or occur later. Characteristic signs of skin lesions include sharply demarcated, dry, scaly erythematous plaques or edematous foci with vesicles and pustules on the skin of the elbow and knee joints, distal extremities, genitals, in the inguinal folds, which are usually symmetrically distributed, have sharp boundaries and irregular outlines. The course of the skin syndrome is long, as it progresses, non-healing erosive and ulcerative areas appear. Plasma zinc deficiency is the gold standard for diagnosis. Most infants with AE have low plasma zinc concentrations (<500 mcg/L or <50 mcg/dl), but a level of less than 70 mcg/L on an empty stomach or less than 65 mcg/dl in older non-dieting children is considered diagnostically significant. Treatment for this disease usually includes enteral or parenteral zinc administration, at a dose of 1-3 mg/kg/day. for elemental zinc. A clinical response is observed within 5–10 days. Supportive zinc therapy is necessary throughout the patient's life, although periods of remission have been reported. Topical therapy is also used: Dexpanthenol in the form of a cream, applied 3 times a day in the area of dermatitis, can enhance re-epithelialization. There is no significant evidence of improvement with topical zinc application. No activity restrictions are required for patients with acrodermatitis enteropathic. Key words: zinc deficiency, enteropathic acrodermatitis, children

Zinc Deficiency and Edema

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-133
Author(s):  
MICHAEL H. N. GOLDEN ◽  
BARBARA E. GOLDEN
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Plasma Zinc Concentration ◽  
Clear Association ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

To the Editor.— Kumar and Anday1 describe three premature infants presenting with edema and hypoproteinemia—the classical signs of kwashiorkor—between 5 and 9 weeks of age. Such cases are not uncommon in developing countries. Kumar and Anday's patients had low plasma zinc concentrations (43, 37, and 42 µg/dL). On this basis the authors claim that edema and hypoproteinemia is a clinical presentation of zinc deficiency not previously reported. We reported2 a clear association between "nutritional" edema and a low plasma zinc concentration in 1979; our subsequent experience has confirmed that edema of this type is always associated with a low plasma zinc concentration, as indeed Kumar and Andays' cases demonstrate.

scholarly journals PERBEDAAN KADAR SENG (ZN) RAMBUT BERDASARKAN DERAJAT STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA 6-9 TAHUN

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
Arindha Rahmawati ◽  
Yekti Wirawanni
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Growth Disorders ◽  
Z Score ◽  
Hair Zinc ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Severe Stunting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Height For Age

Background: Stunting is a linear growth disorders are caused by chronic malnutrition especially zinc deficiency. Hair zinc concentrations can describe zinc status in the long term. The aim of this study is to investigate difference hair zinc concentrations based on degree of stunting in 6-9 years old children.Method: This cross sectional study was carried out on 57 school children aged 6-9 years. The subjects were chosen by stratified random sampling. Assessment degree of stunting are expressed by Height for Age Z-score (HAZ). Hair zinc concentrations was measured by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) methods, the hair zinc concentrations less than 70 ppm was considered as chronic zinc deficiency. Bivariate analysis was using Kruskal Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Rank Spearman.Results: The prevalence of nonstunting (-1≤HAZ<2 SD), mild stunting  (-2≤HAZ<-1 SD), moderate stunting (-3≤HAZ<-2 SD), and severe stunting (HAZ<-3SD) was 38,6%, 33,3%, 22,8%, and 5,3%, respectively. The median value hair zinc concentrations were 579,13 ppm. Out of 57 subjects, 26,3% had normal hair zinc concentrations, 73,7% had excess hair zinc concentrations, and no subject that experience of zinc deficiency. There is a significant difference on hair zinc concentrations based on degree of stunting (p=0,010) and positive correlation between hair zinc concentrations with Height for Age Z-score (HAZ) (r=0,303 ; p=0,022).Conclusion : There is a significant difference between hair zinc concentrations based on degree of stunting and significant correlation between hair zinc concentrations with Height for Age Z-score (HAZ). Hair zinc concentrations increased with increasing Height for Age Z-score (HAZ).Keywords : Degree of stunting, Height for Age Z-score (HAZ), Hair zinc concentrations, malnutrition, children 

scholarly journals Relation between Estimated Dietary Zinc Intake Using a 9-Week Dietary Record and Plasma Zinc Concentration.

1992 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi ISHIDA ◽  
Masakazu KIKUCHI ◽  
Tetsuro HONGO ◽  
Tsuguyoshi SUZUKI
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Dietary Zinc ◽  
Zinc Intake ◽  
Plasma Zinc Concentration ◽  
Dietary Record

scholarly journals Bovine Hereditary Zinc Deficiency: Lethal Trait a 46

1996 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margo Machen ◽  
Tim Montgomery ◽  
Robert Holland ◽  
Emmett Braselton ◽  
Robert Dunstan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Autosomal Recessive Disorder ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Acrodermatitis Enteropathica ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Secondary Complications ◽  
Bull Calf ◽  
Zinc Concentrations

Bovine hereditary zinc deficiency, also referred to as Adema disease, is an autosomal recessive disorder which results in inadequate amounts of zinc being absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and leads to a number of clinical abnormalities. Using semen from a homozygous affected bull and obligate heterozygote cows in embryo transfer studies, 7 offspring were obtained. These included 5 affected calves and 1 heterozygous carrier; the seventh calf died within 48 hours of birth undiagnosed. One unaffected, unrelated bull calf was raised as a control. All the calves were raised and maintained under similar management conditions designed to minimize secondary complications that would obscure the clinical and biochemical observations of a zinc deficient state. The first clinical manifestation of zinc deficiency was diarrhea, followed by skin lesions, poliosis, and a decreased ability to sustain a suckle reflex. Trace mineral analysis of plasma blood samples revealed that plasma zinc concentrations of all the calves were normal at birth; however, they gradually declined in affected calves over the course of 3–8 weeks postpartum to below 0.5 ppm. Biochemical analysis of serum samples showed alkaline phosphatase activity consistently paralleled changes in the plasma zinc concentrations. The oral administration of zinc acetate caused a reversal of all clinical, biochemical, and histologic abnormalities in affected calves. The study of these affected calves allows further insight into the biological role of zinc as well as provides an animal model for the continued investigation of the human homologue acrodermatitis enteropathica.

The risk of copper deficiency in patients prescribed zinc supplements

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 723-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Duncan ◽  
Calum Yacoubian ◽  
Neil Watson ◽  
Ian Morrison
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Deficiency ◽  
Copper Deficiency ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Plasma Zinc ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Plasma Copper ◽  
Zinc Concentrations ◽  
Zinc Supplements ◽  
High Doses

AimsIn high doses zinc may cause copper deficiency, a diagnosis that is often missed resulting in anaemia, neutropenia and irreversible neurological symptoms. The aim of this study was to assess if zinc deficiency is erroneously diagnosed by misinterpretation of plasma zinc concentrations and whether copper deficiency is induced in patients prescribed zinc.MethodsCasenotes of 70 patients prescribed zinc were scrutinised. Plasma concentrations of zinc, copper, C reactive protein and albumin were recorded from the laboratory database.Results62% of patients were prescribed zinc at doses sufficient to cause copper deficiency. In 48% of the patients, plasma zinc concentrations were low as a probable result of hypoalbuminaemia or the systemic inflammatory response rather than deficiency. Awareness of copper deficiency was lacking; it was only documented as a possible side effect in one patient and plasma copper was measured in only two patients prescribed zinc. 9% of patients developed unexplained anaemia and 7% developed neurological symptoms typical of copper deficiency.ConclusionsZinc deficiency is frequently misdiagnosed on the basis of low plasma zinc concentrations. The potential risk of copper deficiency developing in patients prescribed high doses of zinc is apparently infrequently considered. It is probable that a significant minority of patients prescribed with high doses of zinc develop iatrogenic copper deficiency.

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