scholarly journals Correlation among Metabolic Changes in Tea Plant Camellia sinensis (L.) Shoots, Green Tea Quality and the Application of Cow Manure to Tea Plantation Soils

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6180
Author(s):  
Litao Sun ◽  
Kai Fan ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Dexin Ma ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Tea Plant ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Cow Manure

Traditionally, the supplement of organic manure in tea plantations has been a common approach to improving soil fertility and promoting terroir compounds, as manifested by the coordinated increase in yield and quality for the resulting teas. However, information regarding the effect of organic manure in the metabolome of tea plants is still inadequate. The metabolite profiles of tea shoots applied with cow manure, urea or no fertilizer were studied using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In total, 73 metabolites were detected, and the modulated metabolites included mainly amino acids, organic acids and fatty acids. In particular, glutamine, quinic acid and proline accumulated more in tea shoots in soils treated with cow manure, but octadecanoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and eicosanoic acid were drastically reduced. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that organic acids and amino acids in tea shoots were the two major metabolite groups among the three treatments. The analysis of metabolic pathways demonstrated that the cow manure treatment significantly changed the enrichment of pathways related to amino acids, sugars and fatty acids. Sensory evaluation showed that the quality of green teas was higher when the plants used to make the tea were grown in soil treated with cow manure rather than urea during spring and late summer. The results indicated that the application of cow manure in soils changed the metabolic characteristics of tea shoots and improved the qualities of the resulting teas.

scholarly journals Hepatic Metabolic Profile Reveals the Adaptive Mechanisms of Ewes to Severe Undernutrition during Late Gestation

Metabolites ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfeng Xue ◽  
Changzheng Guo ◽  
Fan Hu ◽  
Junhua Liu ◽  
Shengyong Mao
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Balance ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Feed Restriction ◽  
Metabolic Pattern ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms

The mechanisms underlying the adaption of liver metabolism to the undernutrition in ewes during late gestation remain unclear. This research aimed to explore the adaptive mechanisms of liver metabolism by hepatic metabolome analysis in pregnant ewes to the negative energy balance induced by severe feed restriction. Twenty ewes carrying multiple fetuses and gestating for 115 days were fed normally or restricted to a 30% feed level (10 ewes in each group) for 15 days. All ewes were sacrificed and hepatic samples were collected and analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Both the principal components analysis and partial least squares of discriminant analysis of hepatic metabolites showed the clear separation between ewes in the control and severely feed-restricted groups. The metabolic profile demonstrated that the proportions of differential metabolites between the two groups in fatty acids and lipids, organic acids, and amino acids and derivatives were 61.11%, 16.67%, and 11.11%, respectively. Enriched pathways of differential metabolites were mainly involved in fatty acids and amino acids metabolism and biosynthesis. Correlation networks of differential metabolites revealed that general metabolic pattern was changed apparently and mainly based on fatty acids and lipids in the livers of feed-restricted ewes. The accumulation and oxidation of long-chain fatty acids were intensified in the livers of feed-restricted ewes, while those of medium-chain fatty acids were the opposite. In general, severe feed restriction significantly affected the levels of hepatic metabolites and altered the overall metabolic pattern. Furthermore, fatty acids oxidation as well as the utilization of amino acids and organic acids were intensified to adapt to the negative energy balance during late gestation.

Metabolic variations of organic acids, amino acids, fatty acids and aroma compounds in the pulp of different pummelo varieties

LWT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 109445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhua Zhu ◽  
Qi Lu ◽  
Xianyan Zhou ◽  
Jinxue Li ◽  
Jianqiang Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Aroma Compounds

scholarly journals GC-MS-based Metabolomic Profiling of Thymoquinone in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Nephropathy in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1701200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Raish ◽  
Ajaz Ahmad ◽  
Basit L. Jan ◽  
Khalid M. Alkharfy ◽  
Kazi Mohsin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Metabolomic Profiling ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus and one of the major etiologies of end-stage renal disease. Specific therapeutic interventions are necessary to treat such complications. The present study was designed to investigate the metabolomic changes induced by thymoquinone for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, using a rodent model. Rats were divided into three different groups (n = 6 each): control, diabetic, and thymoquinone-treated diabetic groups. Metabolites in serum samples were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Multiple changes were observed, including those related to the metabolism of amino acids and fatty acids. The correlation analysis suggested that treatment with thymoquinone led to the reversal of diabetic nephropathy that was associated with modulations in the metabolism and proteolysis of amino acids, fatty acids, glycerol phospholipids, and organic acids. In addition, we explored the mechanisms linking the metabolic profiling of diabetic nephropathy, with a particular emphasis on the potential roles of increased reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our findings demonstrated that metabolomic profiling provided significant insights into the basic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy and the therapeutic effects of thymoquinone.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF FATTY AND ORGANIC ACIDS COMPOSITION IN QUINCE LEAVES AND FRUITS (CYDONIA OBLONGA MILL)

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Tetiana Dzhan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Cydonia Oblonga ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Selection Of

The composition of fatty and organic acids in quince leaves and fruits (Cydonia oblonga Mill.) of selection of M.M. Grishko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine sorts was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Six sorts of quince were examined: ‘Academichna’, ‘Kashchenka N18’, ‘Studenrka’, ‘Oranzheva’, ‘Maria’, ‘Darunok onuku’. The presence of 36 fatty acids and 32 organic acids in leaves and fruits of the quince were identified and determined their content. Therefore, main acids are oxalic, citric, palmitic and linolenic acids in quince leaves and malic, palmitic and linoleic acids in quince fruits. The highest content of all acids were identified in the quince leaves of sort ‘Maria’. Moreover, a quite high content of succinic acid in the quince leaves was detected.

Chemical constituents of Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae), a common hemiparasitic medicinal herb from the Qinghai Lake Basin, China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Liu ◽  
Zilan Ma ◽  
Marcos A. Caraballo-Ortiz ◽  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Xu Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Qinghai Lake ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Lake Basin ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Qinghai Lake Basin

Abstract Background: Pedicularis longiflora var. tubiformis (Orobanchaceae) is an abundant parasitic herb mainly found in the Xiaopohu wetland of the Qinghai Lake Basin in Northwestern China. The species has an important local medicinal value, and in this study, we evaluated the chemical profile of its stems, leaves and seeds using mass spectrometry. Methods: Dried samples of stems, leaves and seeds were grinded, weighted, and used for a series of extractions with an ultrasonic device at room temperature. The chemical profiles for each tissue were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Results: Twenty-seven amino acids and organic acids were identified and quantified from stems, leaves and seeds. The content of amino acids detected in leaves and seeds was higher than the amount found in stems. Eight flavonoids were also detected, including isoorientin, orientin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, verbascoside, scopoletin, luteolin, apigenin and tricin. The concentrations of verbascoside, luteolin and tricin were the highest and more concentrated in leaves, while that of orientin and scopoletin were the lowest and mainly found in stems. Soluble monosaccharides and oligosaccharides below tetramer were also examined, and our analyses detected the presence of arabitol, fructose, galacturonic acid, glucose, glucuronic acid, inositol, sucrose, and trehalose. Conclusions: This is the first study to identify and quantify the main components of amino acids, organic acids, flavonoids and soluble sugars from stems, leaves and seeds of P. longiflora var. tubiformis . Eight of the amino acids detected are essential for humans, highlighting the medicinal importance of this species. Results shown here can be used as a reference case to develop future studies on the chemical constituents of Pedicularis herbs and other medicinal plants from the Tibetan region.

Analysis of variation of main components during aging process of Shanxi Aged Vinegar

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1s) ◽  
pp. 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen ◽  
Qing Gui ◽  
Jing Jing Shi ◽  
Xiu Yan Zhang ◽  
Fu Sheng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Flavor Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Automatic Amino Acid Analyzer ◽  
Main Components

Shanxi aged vinegar (SAV) is the most famous traditional vinegar in northern China. It is produced from several kinds of cereal by spontaneous solid-state fermentation techniques. The distinctive processing techniques such as <em>smoking of the Pei</em>, aging by <em>insolating in summer </em>and <em>taking out</em> <em>ice in winter</em> formed during the long-term production practice have<em> </em>been named as the national intangible cultural heritage. Some research reports about the nutritional composition, flavor compounds of SAV have been published, but there is no report on the changes of main components during aging process in SAV. In this study, the volatile flavor compounds, amino acids, organic acids, trace elements and other conventional ingredients in SAV were examined by headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, automatic amino acid analyzer, high performance liquid chromatography, plasma emission spectroscopy and other modern analytical techniques. The results showed that most conventional ingredients (organic acids, free amino acids, carbohydrates) were increased during aging process. There were 20 different amino acids in SAV, the concentration of total amino acids reached 19.73 mgxmL<sup>&ndash;1</sup> in eight-year-old vinegar. There were 8 different organic acids in SAV, and acetic acid and lactic acid were main organic acids. A total of 58 different flavor compounds were detected in SAV. The results of this study can help us to understand the class and concentration of main components in SAV, and provide data for manufacturers to improve production process and product quality.

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