scholarly journals Plant Flavonoids: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5377
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Dias ◽  
Diana C. G. A. Pinto ◽  
Artur M. S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Substances

In recent years, more attention has been paid to natural sources of antioxidants. Flavonoids are natural substances synthesized in several parts of plants that exhibit a high antioxidant capacity. They are a large family, presenting several classes based on their basic structure. Flavonoids have the ability to control the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via scavenger ROS when they are formed. Therefore, these antioxidant compounds have an important role in plant stress tolerance and a high relevance in human health, mainly due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In addition, flavonoids have several applications in the food industry as preservatives, pigments, and antioxidants, as well as in other industries such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. However, flavonoids application for industrial purposes implies extraction processes with high purity and quality. Several methodologies have been developed aimed at increasing flavonoid extraction yield and being environmentally friendly. This review presents the most abundant natural flavonoids, their structure and chemical characteristics, extraction methods, and biological activity.

scholarly journals Mechanical Processing of Hermetia illucens Larvae and Bombyx mori Pupae Produces Oils with Antimicrobial Activity

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Alessio Saviane ◽  
Luca Tassoni ◽  
Daniele Naviglio ◽  
Daniela Lupi ◽  
Sara Savoldelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
By Products

The aim of this work was to develop processing methods that safeguard the quality and antimicrobial properties of H. illucens and B. mori oils. We adopted a vegetable diet for both insects: leftover vegetables and fruit for H. illucens and mulberry leaves for B. mori. First, alternative techniques to obtain a good oil extraction yield from the dried biomass of H. illucens larvae were tested. Traditional pressing resulted to be the best system to maximize the oil yield and it was successfully applied to B. mori pupae. Oil quality resulted comparable to that obtained with other extraction methods described in the literature. In the case of B. mori pupae, different treatments and preservation periods were investigated to evaluate their influence on the oil composition and quality. Interestingly, agar diffusion assays demonstrated the sensitivity of Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus to H. illucens and B. mori derived oils, whereas the growth of Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli was not affected. This study confirms that fat and other active compounds of the oil extracted by hot pressing could represent effective antimicrobials against bacteria, a relevant result if we consider that they are by-products of the protein extraction process in the feed industry.

Study of the radiomodifier effect of Pityrocarpa moniliformis extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2A) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Victor Torres de Moraes ◽  
Ricardo Luiz Calazans Luna Filho ◽  
Williams Nascimento de Siqueira ◽  
Hianna Arely Milca Fagundes Silva ◽  
Dewson Rocha Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Biomphalaria Glabrata ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Natural Substances ◽  
60Co Source ◽  
60Co Gamma ◽  
60Co Gamma Radiation

Ionizing radiation has been applied in several areas of knowledge, among them the study of the radiomodifier activity of natural substances. These substances can modify the cellular response to the damage induced by the radiation. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the radiomodifier action of Pityrocarpa moniliformis extract on Biomphalaria glabrata embryos exposed to 60Co gamma radiation. Initially, toxicity tests were performed on the extract against the B. glabrata embryos for the choice of concentration that did not cause death and embryonic malformation. Then, the antioxidant activity of the P. moniliformis extract with flavonoids and phenolic compounds was evaluated by means of the ABTS method. To evaluate the radiomodifier activity of the extract, embryos were selected in the blastula stage and irradiated with 7.5 Gy in a 60Co source (gammacell-Co60). Then, the embryos were exposed for 24 h to the extract of P. moniliformis at a concentration of 250 μg/mL. The results showed that the extract of P. moniliformis presents flavonoids and enzymatic inhibition by ABTS, which demonstrates the presence of antioxidant compounds. However, the tests of the radiomodifier activity did not present radioprotective effect for embryos exposed to ionizing radiation.

Revalorized broccoli by-products and mustard improved quality during shelf life of a kale pesto sauce

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322098310
Author(s):  
Noelia Castillejo ◽  
Ginés Benito Martínez-Hernández ◽  
Francisco Artés-Hernández
Keyword(s):  
Shelf Life ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Color Differences ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Sensory Analyses ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
By Products

The effect of revalorized Bimi leaves (B) and/or mustard (M) addition, as supplementary ingredients, to develop an innovative kale (K) pesto sauce was studied. Microbial, physicochemical (color, total soluble solids content -SSC-, pH and titratable acidity –TA-) and sensory quality were studied during 20 days at 5 °C. Bioactive compounds changes (total phenolics, total antioxidant capacity and glucoraphanin contents) were also monitored throughout storage. The high TA and pH changes in the last 6 days of storage were avoided in the K+B pesto when adding mustard, due to the antimicrobial properties of this brassica seed. SSC was increased when B + M were added to the K pesto, which positively masked the kale-typical bitterness. Mustard addition hardly change yellowness of the K pesto, being not detected in the sensory analyses, showing K+B+M pesto the lowest color differences after 20 days of shelf life. The addition of Bimi leaves to the K pesto enhanced its phenolic content while mustard addition did not negatively affect such total antioxidant compounds content. Finally, mustard addition effectively aimed to glucoraphanin conversion to its bioactive products. Conclusively, an innovative kale pesto supplemented with Bimi by-products was hereby developed, being its overall quality well preserved up to 20 days at 5 °C due to the mustard addition.

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antihypertensive and Antimicrobial Properties of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Native Plants by Different Extraction Methods

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2475
Author(s):  
Francisco Ramiro Boy ◽  
Rocío Casquete ◽  
Ana Martínez ◽  
María de Guía Córdoba ◽  
Santiago Ruíz-Moyano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Ultrasound Extraction ◽  
Rubus Ulmifolius ◽  
Cistus Salviifolius

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of two methods (agitation and ultra-sound) for extracting phenolic compounds from 15 native plants. Plant species collected in the Dehesa of Extremadura were used. The antioxidant, antihypertensive and antimicrobial activity of the phenolic extracts was investigated. Significantly different results were obtained when comparing the two extraction methods, with the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds found for ultrasound extraction. In addition, the extracts obtained for Cistus albidus, Cistus salviifolius, Rubus ulmifolius and Quercus ilex showed the highest concentrations of phenolic compounds. The antioxidant activity was higher in the extracts of Cistus and Q. ilex obtained by ultrasound, as was the antihypertensive activity. Antimicrobial activity was also higher in the extracts obtained by ultrasound from C. salviifolius and Q. ilex plants against bacteria and from Cistus ladanifer against yeasts. Therefore, it can be concluded that, with the ultrasound extraction of phenolic compounds from C. ladanifer, C. albidus and Q. ilex plants, it is possible to obtain extracts with important functional properties, so they could be studied for their use in food with the aim of obtaining healthy and safe products, favouring the sustainability of the environment of the Dehesa Extremeña.

Comparison of Two Protein Extraction Methods for Tea Residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Hong Yu Luo ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Peng Xiang Yue ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Lower Temperature

Alcohol-alkali method and base digestion method were investigated to extract proteins from tea residues, respectively. According to single factorial experiments, results showed that the optimal extraction technology of alcohol-alkali method were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, ethanol concentration of 60%, liquid-solid ratio of 40, 60 min, and the protein extraction rate reached 15.0%. And the optimal extract conditions of base digestion were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 50, 80 min, which made the protein yield reached 31.5%. Furthermore, alcohol-alkali method was more beneficial to protein extraction from tea residues under lower temperature and weak alkali condition (40-60 °C, pH 8-10). While base digestion had higher extraction yield under high temperature and strong alkali condition (60-80 °C, pH 11-12).

scholarly journals Quaternary Salts of Chitosan: History, Antimicrobial Features, and Prospects

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas de Britto ◽  
Rejane Celi Goy ◽  
Sergio Paulo Campana Filho ◽  
Odilio B. G. Assis
Keyword(s):  
Physical Chemistry ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Quaternary Salts ◽  
Derivatives Of

Recently, increasing attention has been paid to water-soluble derivatives of chitosan at its applications. The chemical characteristics and the antimicrobial properties of these salts can play significant role in pharmacological and food areas mainly as carriers for drug delivery systems and as antimicrobial packaging materials. In the current paper, a historical sequence of the main preparative methods, physical chemistry aspects, and antimicrobial activity of chitosan quaternized derivatives are presented and briefly discussed. In general, the results indicated that the quaternary derivatives had better inhibitory effects than the unmodified chitosan.

Pinus Pinaster Bark Composition and Applications

2019 ◽  
pp. 174-189
Author(s):  
Catarina Vieito ◽  
Preciosa Pires ◽  
Manuela Vaz Velho
Keyword(s):  
Circular Economy ◽  
Pinus Pinaster ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Biomass Feedstock ◽  
Large Area ◽  
Food Applications ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Food Matrices

The food market is demanding natural antioxidants either to be applied to food or cosmetic and nutraceutical purposes. Plants are very rich in polyphenols that have diverse biological functions, such as defending plants against microbiological attacks, becoming essential to plant life. The bark of Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica is known to have a great amount of polyphenols with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. P. pinaster has a large area of distribution in the northwest of Portugal, making this source a biomass feedstock of great interest for the food industry in Portugal. Therefore, embarking on the trend of circular economy, polyphenols are being extracted aiming for the exploitation of their antioxidant and antimicrobial properties as a food additive in a variety of food matrices. This chapter aims to provide a more insightful view of the chemical composition, extraction methods, and food applications of pine bark of Pinus pinaster Aiton subsp. atlantica polyphenols.

scholarly journals Chemical Components of Agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) Essential Oils Grown in Various Regions of Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thi Kim Ngan ◽  
Dinh Thi Thu Thuy ◽  
Tran Thi Tuyen ◽  
Cam Thi Inh ◽  
Hoang Thi Bich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Volatile Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Aquilaria Crassna

This study presents a chemometric study on agarwood (Aquilaria crassna) essential oils extracted from selected agarwood samples grown in various regions of Asia. Adopting gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) technique, it was revealed that essential oils, produced by hydrodistillation,constitutes mainly volatile aromatic compounds. Several major components are shared in all samples including dihydro-agarofuran-15-al, jinkoeremol, 10-epi-γ-eudesmol, agarospirol, valerianol, n-hexadecanoic acid, neopetasane and dihydrokaranone. Despite differences in composition, extraction yield and detected constituents found in analyzed samples, characteristic aromatic compounds were abundantly found in the Agarwood essential oil. These discrepancies could be due to cultivation season, climatic conditions and extraction methods. Unambiguous identification of components in agarwood essential oils thereby opens new potential in the application of high-value aromatic compounds in agarwood essential oil in cosmetic products, perfumes, and pharmaceuticals.

scholarly journals Optimization of High-Pressure Extraction Process of Antioxidant Compounds from Feteasca regala Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 4209
Author(s):  
Anca Becze ◽  
Vanda Liliana Babalau-Fuss ◽  
Cerasel Varaticeanu ◽  
Cecilia Roman
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Circular economy principles are based on the use of by-products from one operation as the raw materials in another. The aim of this work is to obtain extracts with high antioxidant capacity and resveratrol content for the superior capitalization of the biomass of Feteasca regala leaves obtained during vineyard horticultural operations in spring. In order to obtain a high-quality extract at an industrial level, an optimal extraction process is needed. Central composite design (CCD) was used for the experiment design, which contained three independent variables: the ratio of extraction solvent to solid matter, temperature (°C) and time (minutes). The evaluation of extracts was done by measuring the total antioxidant capacity of the extracts using photo-chemiluminescent techniques, and the resveratrol content using liquid chromatography. Process optimization was done using response surface methodology (RSM). Minitab software version 17.0 was used for the design of experiments and data analysis. Regression analysis showed that the model predicts 87.5% of the variation for resveratrol and 96% for total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The temperature had the biggest influence on the extraction yield. The optimal operational conditions for the extraction method applied had the following conditions: ratio e/m 2.92; 43.23 °C and 55.4 min. A maximum value of 34,623 µg ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE) /mL total antioxidant capacity and 182.4 µg/mL resveratrol content were obtained when the optimal extraction parameters where used. The values obtained in experiments proved that by using RSM an accurate model can be obtained for extraction of Feteasca regala leaves.

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional and Sustainable Lipid Extraction Methods for the Production of Oil and Protein Isolate from Edible Insect Meal

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laroche ◽  
Perreault ◽  
Marciniak ◽  
Gravel ◽  
Chamberland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Edible Insect

Edible insects represent an interesting alternative source of protein for human consumption but the main hurdle facing the edible insect sector is low consumer acceptance. However, increased acceptance is anticipated when insects are incorporated as a processed ingredient, such as protein-rich powder, rather than presented whole. To produce edible insect fractions with high protein content, a defatting step is necessary. This study investigated the effects of six defatting methods (conventional solvents, three-phase partitioning, and supercritical CO2) on lipid extraction yield, fatty profiles, and protein extraction and purification of house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) meals. Ethanol increased the lipid extraction yield (22.7%–28.8%), irrespective of the insect meal used or the extraction method applied. Supercritical CO2 gave similar lipid extraction yields as conventional methods for Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) (22.1%) but was less efficient for Acheta domesticus (A. domesticus) (11.9%). The protein extraction yield ranged from 12.4% to 38.9% for A. domesticus, and from 11.9% to 39.3% for T. molitor, whereas purification rates ranged from 58.3% to 78.5% for A. domesticus and from 48.7% to 75.4% for T. molitor.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document