scholarly journals Mechanical Processing of Hermetia illucens Larvae and Bombyx mori Pupae Produces Oils with Antimicrobial Activity

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 783
Author(s):  
Alessio Saviane ◽  
Luca Tassoni ◽  
Daniele Naviglio ◽  
Daniela Lupi ◽  
Sara Savoldelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
By Products

The aim of this work was to develop processing methods that safeguard the quality and antimicrobial properties of H. illucens and B. mori oils. We adopted a vegetable diet for both insects: leftover vegetables and fruit for H. illucens and mulberry leaves for B. mori. First, alternative techniques to obtain a good oil extraction yield from the dried biomass of H. illucens larvae were tested. Traditional pressing resulted to be the best system to maximize the oil yield and it was successfully applied to B. mori pupae. Oil quality resulted comparable to that obtained with other extraction methods described in the literature. In the case of B. mori pupae, different treatments and preservation periods were investigated to evaluate their influence on the oil composition and quality. Interestingly, agar diffusion assays demonstrated the sensitivity of Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus to H. illucens and B. mori derived oils, whereas the growth of Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli was not affected. This study confirms that fat and other active compounds of the oil extracted by hot pressing could represent effective antimicrobials against bacteria, a relevant result if we consider that they are by-products of the protein extraction process in the feed industry.

Comparison of Two Protein Extraction Methods for Tea Residues

2011 ◽  
Vol 138-139 ◽  
pp. 933-936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Chen ◽  
Hong Yu Luo ◽  
Jun Yu ◽  
Peng Xiang Yue ◽  
Lin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Ethanol Concentration ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Digestion Method ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Lower Temperature

Alcohol-alkali method and base digestion method were investigated to extract proteins from tea residues, respectively. According to single factorial experiments, results showed that the optimal extraction technology of alcohol-alkali method were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, ethanol concentration of 60%, liquid-solid ratio of 40, 60 min, and the protein extraction rate reached 15.0%. And the optimal extract conditions of base digestion were pH 12, temperature of 80 °C, liquid-solid ratio of 50, 80 min, which made the protein yield reached 31.5%. Furthermore, alcohol-alkali method was more beneficial to protein extraction from tea residues under lower temperature and weak alkali condition (40-60 °C, pH 8-10). While base digestion had higher extraction yield under high temperature and strong alkali condition (60-80 °C, pH 11-12).

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional and Sustainable Lipid Extraction Methods for the Production of Oil and Protein Isolate from Edible Insect Meal

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laroche ◽  
Perreault ◽  
Marciniak ◽  
Gravel ◽  
Chamberland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supercritical Co2 ◽  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Lipid Extraction ◽  
Tenebrio Molitor ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Edible Insect

Edible insects represent an interesting alternative source of protein for human consumption but the main hurdle facing the edible insect sector is low consumer acceptance. However, increased acceptance is anticipated when insects are incorporated as a processed ingredient, such as protein-rich powder, rather than presented whole. To produce edible insect fractions with high protein content, a defatting step is necessary. This study investigated the effects of six defatting methods (conventional solvents, three-phase partitioning, and supercritical CO2) on lipid extraction yield, fatty profiles, and protein extraction and purification of house cricket (Acheta domesticus) and mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) meals. Ethanol increased the lipid extraction yield (22.7%–28.8%), irrespective of the insect meal used or the extraction method applied. Supercritical CO2 gave similar lipid extraction yields as conventional methods for Tenebrio molitor (T. molitor) (22.1%) but was less efficient for Acheta domesticus (A. domesticus) (11.9%). The protein extraction yield ranged from 12.4% to 38.9% for A. domesticus, and from 11.9% to 39.3% for T. molitor, whereas purification rates ranged from 58.3% to 78.5% for A. domesticus and from 48.7% to 75.4% for T. molitor.

scholarly journals Determining the Optimum Conditions for Extracting Carotenoids from Syrian Apricot Fruits

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Wahbi Kalook ◽  
Adib Faleh ◽  
Amir Al-Haj Sakur ◽  
Wassim Abdelwahed
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

The aim of this research is to extract carotenoids from apricot fruits using a food solvent (ethanol) and a non-food solvent (propanol). In addition, it aims to study the effect of different extraction conditions, i.e., the extraction temperature (20-40-60)°C and the extraction times (4-8-12) hours, on the carotenoids yield in order to improve and develop extraction methods. The extracted carotenoids were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the studied carotenoids are α-carotene and β-carotene. It was found that β-carotene constitutes about 80% of the total carotenoids in apricots. The results indicated that the extraction yield using ethanol was low compared to the extraction yield using propanol. Propanol is the most suitable solvent for carotenoids extraction in comparison with ethanol. The temperature also had a significant effect on the extraction yield; at 20°C the extraction yield was very low, and 60°C was the optimum temperature for the extraction of carotene. The extraction yield significantly increased with time in the first hours of extraction, and there was no significant effect from increasing the extraction time for a period of 6-8 hours. Moreover, the pretreatment of fruits by freezing accelerated the extraction process and increased the extraction yield. The optimum conditions for extracting carotenoids were determined in the conditions of food extraction; the optimum conditions for extracting carotenoids are: extraction at 60°C for three hours with pretreatment by freezing as the extraction rate reached up to 6.36 mg/100 g using ethanol as a food solvent.

scholarly journals Olipo-wet olive pomace, a new renewable source for leather retanning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Gaidau ◽  
Maria Stanca ◽  
Demetra Simion ◽  
Olga Niculescu ◽  
Cosmin-Andrei Alexe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Olive Pomace ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Renewable Materials ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Petroleum Origin

The aim of OLIPO project is to find suitable extraction methods for an important waste of olive oil production, wet olive pomace, in view of reclaiming it as tanning and retanning material, alternative to petroleum origin materials. The total volume of wet olive pomace in Mediterranean countries where olive crops are traditional is about 80% of processed olives and is the result of a two-phase continuous extraction process. Wet olive pomace is rich in polyphenolic compounds, fats, tannins, non-tannins, possible to be extracted, concentrated, chemical processed in view of developing a new tanning product. The use of new renewable materials from oil industry as biobased tanning material for leather industry represents an important step in lowering carbon footprint of both sectors and complies with circular economy principles. The antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of olive oil pomace can be exploited in view of increasing the efficiency of the new product. The paper presents the characterisation of four kinds of wet olive pomace wastes, water and water-organic solvent extracts as tanning materials in order to select the methods for a new tanning material elaboration and testing on leathers in retanning processes.

Microbial Fermentation Extraction Processing of Protein from Soybean

2011 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 168-173
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Wu ◽  
Lian Zhou Jiang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Hai Tao Wu
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Soy Flour ◽  
Microbial Fermentation ◽  
Hexane Extraction ◽  
Fermentation Conditions ◽  
Residual Hexane ◽  
Denature Protein ◽  
Full Fat Soy Flour

Although hexane extraction of soybean oil has the high recovery，residual hexane in oil is noxious for consumer health. Crew pressing and extruding-expelling extraction processes denature protein to render functional properties poor for food and meal use. This processing employed microbial fermentation to extract protein from full fat soy flour so that denaturation degree of protein reduced. The results showed that low temperature flaking and extrusing soy flakes was beneficial to improving protein extraction, after optimizing the fermentation conditions with the Response Surface Methodology (RSM), total protein extraction yield achieved the highest value - 86.66% at optimal fermentation conditions - 6.6% extruded full fat soy flour, 5.4% inoculation volume, the initial pH8.1. These advances make the microbial fermentation extraction process of protein from soybeans attractive channel as the environmentally – friendly technology.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin Recovery from Grape by-Products by Combining Ohmic Heating with Food-Grade Solvents: Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Properties

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3838
Author(s):  
Marta Coelho ◽  
Sara Silva ◽  
Eduardo Costa ◽  
Ricardo N. Pereira ◽  
António Sebastião Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Ohmic Heating ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Food Grade ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Antimicrobial And Antioxidant Activity ◽  
By Products

Usually, wine-making by-products are discarded, presenting a significant environmental impact. However, they can be used as a source of bioactive compounds. Moreover, consumers’ increasing demand for naturally nutritious and healthy products requires new formulations and food product improvement, together with sustainable, environmentally friendly extraction methods. Thus, this work aimed to compare ohmic heating (OH) with conventional methodology (CONV), using food-grade solvents, mainly water, compared to standard methanol extraction of anthocyanins. No significant differences were found between the CONV and OH for total phenolic compounds, which were 2.84 ± 0.037 and 3.28 ± 0.46 mg/g DW gallic acid equivalent, respectively. The same tendency was found for antioxidant capacity, where CONV and OH presented values of 2.02 ± 0.007 g/100 g and 2.34 ± 0.066 g/100 g ascorbic acid equivalent, respectively. The major anthocyanins identified were malvidin-3-O-acetylglucoside, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside, petunidine-3-O-glucoside, cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, and peonidine-3-O-glucoside. These extracts displayed antimicrobial potential against microorganisms such as Yersinia enterocolitica, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, a methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA), and Bacillus cereus. In conclusion, OH provides similar recovery yields with reduced treatment times, less energy consumption, and no need for organic solvents (green extraction routes). Thus, OH combined with water and citric acid allows a safe anthocyanin extraction from grape by-products, thus avoiding the use of toxic solvents such as methanol, and with high biological potential, including antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Plant Flavonoids: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 5377
Author(s):  
Maria Celeste Dias ◽  
Diana C. G. A. Pinto ◽  
Artur M. S. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Natural Substances

In recent years, more attention has been paid to natural sources of antioxidants. Flavonoids are natural substances synthesized in several parts of plants that exhibit a high antioxidant capacity. They are a large family, presenting several classes based on their basic structure. Flavonoids have the ability to control the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via scavenger ROS when they are formed. Therefore, these antioxidant compounds have an important role in plant stress tolerance and a high relevance in human health, mainly due to their anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. In addition, flavonoids have several applications in the food industry as preservatives, pigments, and antioxidants, as well as in other industries such as cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. However, flavonoids application for industrial purposes implies extraction processes with high purity and quality. Several methodologies have been developed aimed at increasing flavonoid extraction yield and being environmentally friendly. This review presents the most abundant natural flavonoids, their structure and chemical characteristics, extraction methods, and biological activity.

scholarly journals In Vitro Bioactivity of Astaxanthin and Peptides from Hydrolisates of Shrimp (Parapenaeus longirostris) By-Products: From the Extraction Process to Biological Effect Evaluation, as Pilot Actions for the Strategy “From Waste to Profit”

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 216
Author(s):  
Concetta Maria Messina ◽  
Simona Manuguerra ◽  
Rosaria Arena ◽  
Giuseppe Renda ◽  
Giovanna Ficano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Bioactive Peptides ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Ethyl Esters ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Green Extraction ◽  
By Products

Non-edible parts of crustaceans could be a rich source of valuable bioactive compounds such as the carotenoid astaxanthin and peptides, which have well-recognized beneficial effects. These compounds are widely used in nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals, and their market is rapidly growing, suggesting the need to find alternative sources. The aim of this work was to set up a pilot-scale protocol for the reutilization of by-products of processed shrimp, in order to address the utilization of this valuable biomass for nutraceutical and pharmaceuticals application, through the extraction of astaxanthin-enriched oil and antioxidant-rich protein hydrolysates. Astaxanthin (AST) was obtained using “green extraction methods,” such as using fish oil and different fatty acid ethyl esters as solvents and through supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), whereas bioactive peptides were obtained by protease hydrolysis. Both astaxanthin and bioactive peptides exhibited bioactive properties in vitro in cellular model systems, such as antioxidant and angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities (IA). The results show higher astaxanthin yields in ethyl esters fatty acids (TFA) extraction and significant enrichment by short-path distillation (SPD) up to 114.80 ± 1.23 µg/mL. Peptide fractions of <3 kDa and 3–5 kDa exhibited greater antioxidant activity while the fraction 5–10 kDa exhibited a better ACE-IA. Lower-molecular-weight bioactive peptides and astaxanthin extracted using supercritical fluids showed protective effects against oxidative damage in 142BR and in 3T3 cell lines. These results suggest that “green” extraction methods allow us to obtain high-quality bioactive compounds from large volumes of shrimp waste for nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of protein extraction methods to obtain protein concentrate from cassava leaf

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 1223-1233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila F. Coldebella ◽  
Simone D. Gomes ◽  
Janete A. Evarini ◽  
Marney P. Cereda ◽  
Sílvia R. M. Coelho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Isoelectric Precipitation ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Extraction Processes

The cassava leaf, waste generated in the harvest of the roots, is characterized by high content of protein, vitamins and minerals; however, its use is limited due to the high fiber content and antinutritional substances, which can be removed by obtaining protein concentrates. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate protein extraction processes, aiming the use of cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as an alternative protein. Four methods were tested: 1) Coagulation of Proteins by Lowering the Temperature, 2) Extraction by Isoelectric Precipitation, 3) Solubilization of Proteins and 4) Fermentation of Filter Leaf Juice. To obtain the concentrates, the use of fresh or dried leaves and extraction in one or two steps were also evaluated. The solubilization of proteins (method 3) showed a higher extraction yield; however, with concentrate of low quality. The fermentation of the juice (method 4) produced concentrates with higher quality and lower costs and the isoelectric precipitation (method 2) promoted the obtention of concentrates in less time, both with good prospects for use. The use of two extraction steps was not advantageous to the process and there was no difference between the use of fresh or dried leaf, and the use of fresh leaves is presented as a good option for the simplicity of the method.

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