scholarly journals A Social Ecological Approach to Hazardous Alcohol Use among Flemish Higher Education Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8288
Author(s):  
Robert Tholen ◽  
Edwin Wouters ◽  
Koen Ponnet ◽  
Sara De Bruyn ◽  
Guido Van Hal
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Hazardous Alcohol Use ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Hazardous Use

Hazardous use of alcohol is a global public health concern. Statistics suggest that this is particularly common in Europe, and among higher education students. Although it has been established that various factors—ranging from the individual to the overarching societal level—are associated with misuse of alcohol, few studies take multiple levels of influence into account simultaneously. The current study, therefore, used a social ecological framework to explore associations between variables from multiple levels of influence and the hazardous use of alcohol. Data were obtained from a representative sample of higher education students from Flanders, Belgium (n = 21,854), and explored using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results demonstrated that the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels, were all associated with risky alcohol consumption. When devising interventions, policymakers should, therefore, take into consideration that variables from multiple levels of influence are at play. Students’ capacities to change or maintain their alcohol consumption behaviors may be undermined if social settings, overarching environments, social norms, and policies are not conducive to their motivations and social expectations.

scholarly journals Individual-, Community-, and Health System–Level Barriers to Optimal Type 2 Diabetes Care for Inner-City African Americans: An Integrative Review and Model Development

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-27
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Campbell ◽  
Leonard E. Egede
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Health System ◽  
System Level ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
The Individual

Purpose The purpose of this integrative review is (1) to elucidate the unique barriers faced by inner-city African Americans for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) care; (2) to identify effective interventions/programs for optimal T2DM care at the individual, community, and health systems levels; and (3) to integrate 2 behavioral models and 1 social ecological model for framing interventions for inner-city African American to optimize T2DM care. Methods PRISMA guidelines were followed to systematically search PubMed, PsychInfo, and CINAHL. Integration of models was based on underlying principles of social ecological models. Results The search returned 1183 articles. Forty-six articles were synthesized after applying inclusion criteria. Multiple barriers for the individual level, community level, and health system level were identified. Major barriers include lack of knowledge, lack of social support, and self-management support. Interventions identified in this review show that among inner-city African Americans with T2DM, the focus is placed at the health systems level, with very limited focus toward addressing individual- and community-level barriers. Final synthesis includes development of a new integrated model that explains barriers to care across multiple levels. Conclusions These findings highlight the fragmentation that may be occurring between policy, research, and practice for achieving health equity and addressing health disparities for T2DM care among inner-city African Americans. The new model is an important step in the pursuit of equity in T2DM by specifying the complex barriers that occur across multiple levels. The application of this model using the 2017 National Standards for Diabetes–Self Management Education and Support are discussed.

scholarly journals Validity studies of the scale of positive and negative perceptions about alcohol effects

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Leandro S. Almeida ◽  
Joana R. Casanova ◽  
María Fernanda Páramo Fernández ◽  
Caroline Tozzi Reppold ◽  
Maria Soledad Rodriguez Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Alcohol Effects ◽  
The Relationship

OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of elaboration and validation of the Scale of Perceptions about Alcohol Consumption in Higher Education Students in a Portuguese sample, considering the relationship between alcohol use rates and students’ perceptions about the effects of this consumption. METHODS: The validation study included 531 Portuguese college freshmen who answered the instrument, which is composed of five items that express positive perceptions and five items that express negative perceptions about the effects of alcohol consumption. RESULTS: Evidence of content validity, internal structure and external variables were obtained. The results of the factor analysis confirm the distribution of positive and negative perceptions by two different factors according to the theoretical model. Adequate internal consistency indexes were obtained for each dimension. The data obtained showed expected correlations between the perceptions and consumption behaviors of the students, indicating evidence of criterion validity of the scale. Moreover, the study showed that different consumption patterns between men and women, with higher alcohol consumption in the students’ households and restaurants or cafés by male students, in addition to the similarity in the consumption pattern between the two genders in parties and bars or nightclubs. CONCLUSION: The data obtained show the validity of the instrument. In the discussion, the article presents considerations about the responsibility of higher education institutions in the prevention and reduction in consumption rates among their students.

scholarly journals Professional Integration of Sociology Graduates from the Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 2002-2009

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-163
Author(s):  
Andreea Simona Popesc
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
Professional Integration ◽  
Academic System ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The professional integration of higher education students is a problem for all contemporary societies, including the Romanian one. The surplus of graduates, the diplomas’ devaluation, the opportunities’ inequality and the unequal distribution of labour market’s posts are just a few determinant factors, which make the individual to adopt a variety of strategies to get a job.This research is particularly interested in the integration process on labour markets of sociology graduates in Romanian academic system, taking in consideration the case of sociology graduates from the Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu.The main objective is to understand all mechanisms of social, economic, cultural and familiar order, susceptible in influencing the individuals when they are searching a job.The instruments used in this research are based on questionnaire survey and interview. I used these to have an overview of the situation both quantitatively and qualitatively and for a better understanding of the professional integration process. I used the purposeful sample. The results of this research are expected to be able to capture the professional integration process of graduates in sociology from the Lucian Blaga University by identifying some of the factors that influence this process.

scholarly journals Approaches to the organization of students’ training in athletics

2021 ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Andrii Yefremenko ◽  
Viacheslav Shutieiev ◽  
Yaroslav Krainyk ◽  
Tetiana Shutieieva ◽  
Olha Lenska
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Current Level ◽  
Approaches To Teaching ◽  
Education Students ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Independent Work ◽  
Group Characteristics

The educational process of future coaches in sports requires the use of effective approaches to the organization of practical classes. Purpose. Finding ways to optimize the learning process of students in athletics. Methods: analysis of scientific and methodological sources; generalization; concretization. Results. Contradictions in the process of teaching athletics to higher education students engaged in various sports are identified, and ways to level them are presented. Conceptual approaches to teaching athletics were considered on the example of higher education students who are involved in various sports. Conclusions. Adaptation of educational concepts for players involves taking into account both the characteristics of physical fitness in relation to specialization, and the current level of physical fitness in relation to motor physical activity being studied. This will create an opportunity to harmonize these levels and allow for the formation of effective curricula. We believe that the previously acquired skills and features of sports specialization give players the opportunity to learn quality athletics sprint. Further research will be aimed at the applied application of the presented ways to optimize the educational process of higher education students in athletics. The organization of the educational process of higher education seekers should ensure the formation of a single educational space. The inclusion of the student in the process of forming this space takes place in practical classes and in the organization of independent work. Instead, the differentiation of the educational process should take into account the individual and group characteristics of higher education. The presented approaches allow to involve students in the educational process to a greater extent.

scholarly journals CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF A HIGHER EDUCATION SEEKER’S INDIVIDUAL EDUCATIONAL TRAJECTORY

2020 ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Victoria FEDOROVA ◽  
◽  
Mykhailo SHULIAK ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Student Centered ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right

Introduction. One of the most important components of the student-centered education concept is to give higher education students the right to independent- ly choose a certain part of the academic disciplines of the educational program, i.e. to implement their individual educational trajectory. Today, there are seven types of models for implementing the individual educational trajectory of a higher education seeker. However, the question remains which model to choose when creating an educational program. Purpose. Critical analysis of models of realization of individual educational trajectory of a higher education seeker. The methods of logical analysis and a systematic approach are used in the article for critical analysis of mod- els of realization of individual educational trajectory of a higher education seeker Results. The article critically analyzes seven models of implementation of individual educational trajectory of a higher education seeker, selected depending on the methodology used to form a variable part of the individual plan: a model that provides a completely free choice of educational components; a model of free choice within a certain set of educational components; a model of choice of educational components in continuous blocks; a model that provides a combination of free choice and continuous blocks; major-minor model; a model based on the concept of "mobility window", as well as a model that provides a combination of the above models. Examples of formation of individual educational trajectory with application of these models are given. Their main advantages and dis- advantages are identified. Conclusion. It is proved that there is no "universal" model of implementation of the principle of selectivity, which would be the most effective for all possible educa- tional programs. When designing each educational program, it is necessary to justify the choice of the model according to which the seeker will make the choice of disciplines. This choice will be different in each case depending on the characteristics of the industry, specialty, the available capabilities of the institution of higher education, in particular in the direction of international cooperation and so on. At the same time, the main criterion for choosing a model for implementing the principle of selectivity should be the quality of training, its competitiveness in the labor market and compliance with the principles of student-centered approach

Socially Constructed Self-Regulated Learning and Motivation Regulation in Collaborative Learning Groups

2011 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-374
Author(s):  
Sanna Järvelä ◽  
Hanna Järvenoja
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Learning Groups ◽  
Social Challenges ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Constructed Self

Background/Context Most of the earlier empirical findings deal with motivation regulation in individual learning situations. This study identifies higher education students’ socially constructed motivation regulation in collaborative learning and stresses that regulation of motivation is crucial in socially self-regulated learning because motivation is constantly shaped and reshaped as the activity unfolds. Purpose of Study The purpose of the study is to identity higher education students’ socially constructed motivation regulation in collaborative learning This was studied by collecting data about the students’ (N = 16) experiences of situation-specific social challenges in collaborative learning groups and observing what the students do to overcome these challenges. Research Design The study is a qualitative, multimethod study. Three methods—namely, adaptive instrument, video-tapings, and group interviews—were used to assess the individual- and group-level perspectives on those situations that the students felt were challenging and thus possibly activated joint regulation of motivation. Conclusions Motivation regulation can be identified as a socially constructed activity, and the importance of regulation of motivation in socially self-regulated learning is discussed.

Intelligence Driven-Depression Identification of Facebook Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 3770-3775
Author(s):  
B. Yamini ◽  
J. Sherine Glory ◽  
S. Aravindkumar
Keyword(s):  
Vital Role ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Adequate Treatment ◽  
User Interests ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Textual Content

Depression is a severe dispute in wide-ranging personal health for all. Every year millions of populace endures depression and some few of them receive adequate treatment. Through their Face-book postings and statuses, whatsapp statuses and shares of post, expressive words handling during they speak or post, emotional icons or pictures they post or from their browse histories, expressing user interests, feelings and daily routines can be measured. Many researchers proved that usage of User Generated Content in a proper mode helps to decide one’s depression level. Analyzing the Generated user related contents helps in prediction of depression (Marcus, M., et al., 2012. Depression: A Global Public Health Concern. WHO Dataset, pp.6–8). Leveraging Social media like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram has valuable sign for designating depression in persons. In the proposed work, potential use of Facebook to sense and identify main depressive chaos in individual is explored. Sharing or posting of images or text by an individual plays a vital role in identifying the victim with depression. Text based analysis done on posted or shared textual content, whereas Chromatic analysis done on the images along with text based analysis for the images with textual contents. Emotion features and color features of these two analyses are used to identify the depression level of the individual by psychological classification using Support Vector Machine (SVM). The performance of the SVM is compared with Naïve Bayes Classifier. The Findings and methods of the proposed work, presents a road map in developing new methodologies in identifying the major depression levels of those who suffer and to guide healthcare agencies.

scholarly journals ‘Hiding their troubles’: a qualitative exploration of suicide in Bhutanese refugees in the USA

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. L. Brown ◽  
T. Mishra ◽  
R. L. Frounfelker ◽  
E. Bhargava ◽  
B. Gautam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Ecology ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Language And Literacy ◽  
Bhutanese Refugees ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Past Experiences

Background.Suicide is a major global health concern. Bhutanese refugees resettled in the USA are disproportionately affected by suicide, yet little research has been conducted to identify factors contributing to this vulnerability. This study aims to investigate the issue of suicide of Bhutanese refugee communities via an in-depth qualitative, social-ecological approach.Methods.Focus groups were conducted with 83 Bhutanese refugees (adults and children), to explore the perceived causes, and risk and protective factors for suicide, at individual, family, community, and societal levels. Audio recordings were translated and transcribed, and inductive thematic analysis conducted.Results.Themes identified can be situated across all levels of the social-ecological model. Individual thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are only fully understood when considering past experiences, and stressors at other levels of an individual's social ecology. Shifting dynamics and conflict within the family are pervasive and challenging. Within the community, there is a high prevalence of suicide, yet major barriers to communicating with others about distress and suicidality. At the societal level, difficulties relating to acculturation, citizenship, employment and finances, language, and literacy are influential. Two themes cut across several levels of the ecosystem: loss; and isolation, exclusion, and loneliness.Conclusions.This study extends on existing research and highlights the necessity for future intervention models of suicide to move beyond an individual focus, and consider factors at all levels of refugees’ social-ecology. Simply focusing treatment at the individual level is not sufficient. Researchers and practitioners should strive for community-driven, culturally relevant, socio-ecological approaches for prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Statistical analysis of a survey about diffusion of binge drinking and drunkorexia among students in Palermo

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Venturella ◽  
Giulia Cancellieri ◽  
Marco Giammanco ◽  
Anastasia Valentina Liga
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Binge Drinking ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
School Time ◽  
Alcohol Marketing ◽  
Saturday Evening ◽  
Restrict Food Intake

Youth alcohol consumption is a major global public health concern. Previous reviews have concluded that exposure to alcohol marketing was associated with drinking initiation and higher alcohol consumption among youth. From January to May 2017, a survey has been conducted through administration of questionnaires about the diffusion of Binge Drinking and Drunkorexia among the students of Palermo. Test was administered, during school time, to 2331 students between the ages of 13 and 20. Regarding the analysis of the questionnaires, 97,8% of student declares to have drunk at least once: their first taste of alcoholic drink happens at the age of thirteen/fourteen. They prefer to drink at the disco or pub (48% disco; 22% pub) on Friday and Saturday evening (92%). 52% of students also declare to associate alcohol to cigarette smoking. Another important statistic is that 736 girls and 61 boys declare to prefer to restrict food intake in order to consume greater quantities of alcohol and to avoid weight gain. In order to evaluate youth alcohol consumption in a different contest, it was created an online survey thanks to Google forms. This study involved 500 young people from Palermo between the ages of 19 and 30. The extrapolation of data confirmed the same results of the questionnaires on paper. In this test, however, it was also evaluated the spreading of drink-driving (68,5%). The present survey suggests that there is an expansion of such practices in young population. In conclusion, it appears necessary to adopt measures of information and prevention to reduce territorial diffusion.

scholarly journals Identifying predictors of students’ perception of and engagement with assessment feedback

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Ali ◽  
Lubna Ahmed ◽  
Sarah Rose
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Learning Environment ◽  
First Language ◽  
Predictor Variable ◽  
Individual Student ◽  
Education Students ◽  
Student Gender ◽  
Assessment Feedback ◽  
The Individual

Higher education students’ perception of and level of engagement with the feedback they receive has gained increasing attention in the literature to identify areas which require educators’ attention. However, predictors of students’ perception and engagement have yet to be identified. To address this, a survey measuring students’ views and practices regarding feedback was completed. Characteristics of the individual student (gender, age and whether English is their first language), the learning environment (student living on or off campus) and course-related variables (year of study of the course and whether the second subject was the same or a different discipline) were analysed to assess whether these variables predict students’ perception and engagement with feedback. Multivariate analysis established that the only significant predictor variable was year of study of the course, thus identifying a key predictor while ruling out numerous potential predictors. As the only significant predictor of students’ relationship with feedback was their year of study, further analyses were conducted to establish which specific areas of perception of and engagement with feedback change as a function of this.

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