Is self-harm among orthodontic patients related to dislike of dentofacial features and oral health-related quality of life?

ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate the relationship between self-reported self-harm and dislike of dentofacial features and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Materials and Methods Anonymous, self-reporting questionnaires were completed by 699 school children (aged 13–14 years), representing over 1% of the age group in Amman, Jordan. Participants were invited from 23 randomly selected schools in 10 educational directorates. OHRQoL was assessed using the Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ 11–14). Self-harm was assessed using a constructed self-reporting questionnaire. The relationship between OHRQoL and self-harm was assessed and significant findings were identified at probability of α = 0.05. Results Over one-quarter of schoolchildren (26.9%, n = 88) admitted self-harming behavior. Self-harm was reported to be due to dislike of dentofacial appearance among 12.9% of participants (n = 90). Higher CPQ 11–14 total scores and individual dimension scores were associated with the presence of self-harm (P < .001). High self-harm incidence was reported among participants who had dentofacial features that affected appearance (P < .001). Among subjects admitting self-harm, the frequency of self-harming behavior ranged from once to over 10 times per year. Conclusions Significant relationships were found between self-harm and dislike of dentofacial features and OHRQoL.

Identification of spacewise dependent right-hand side in two dimensional parabolic equation

In this paper numerical solution of the inverse problem of determining a spacewise dependent right-hand side function in two dimensional parabolic equation is considered. Usually, the right-hand side function dependent on spatial variable is obtained from measured data of the solution at the final time point. Many mathematical modeling problems in the field of physics and engineering will encounter the inverse problems to identify the right-hand terms. When studying an inverse problem of identifying the spacewise dependent right-hand function, iterative methods are often used. We propose a new conjugate gradient method based on the constructed self-adjoint operator of the equation for numerical solution of the function and numerical examples illustrate the efficiency and accuracy.

Visual images of well-being in consumer culture: analysis and interpretation of the images

This article analyzes the impact of the visual images of well-being upon interpretation of the concept of well-being in consumer culture. The object of this research is the paintings by postmodern artists, constructivists. and hyperrealists – A. Warhol, R. Rauschenberg, J. Jones, L. Lawler, T. Matin, as well as the posters of advertising constructors of A. Rodchenko. Examination is conducted on the artworks, since the time horizon of paintings is not limited to the “here and now”. The author discusses the images from semiotic and hermeneutical perspectives, which allow revealing the content of meanings expressed in the visual form. Artistic images become the object of research in the field of visual semiotics. The scientific novelty consists in the comprehensive socio-philosophical research of the process of creation, proliferation, and inverting meanings in the visual discourse on well-being. The article employs philosophical, rather than art history discourse. As a result, the author establishes correlation between visual images, social culture, and social conventions. The conclusion is made that the visual images of well-being emphasize the social component of well-being, dictate the logic of public consumption, and manipulate collective consciousness. Visual images become the markers of social well-being, translators of the myths on consumer culture, delicately manipulating the constructed Self.

Significado da doença para pessoas com diabetes mellitus

As medidas de segurança no trabalho, visando a integridade biopsicossocial do indivíduo, fizeram-se necessárias para o desenvolvimento de normas que conduzissem a minimização dos riscos ocupacionais existentes no âmbito laboral. Embasado neste contexto, o presente estudo apresentou uma análise da ergonomia cognitiva, dentre esta os riscos presentes, que influenciam nas atividades desenvolvidas pelos, raciocínio e resposta motora, possibilitam interferências no desenvolvimento das práticas assistenciais dos enfermeiros, conduzindo o estudo na compreensão de que esta ergonomia contribui para os riscos psicossociais e, consequentemente, os riscos ocupacionais. Portanto, através desta realidade que foi levantada pela pesquisa, propõe-se o compromisso em direcionar o processo educativo ao âmbito da enfermagem, a fim de serem superados os desafios que permeiam sobre a assistência na clínica de hemodiálise.Descritores: Riscos ocupacionais. Enfermeiro do Trabalho. Ergonomia cognitiva. Meaning of the disease for people with diabetes mellitusAbstract: The aim of this study is to understand the meanings of the disease from the perspective of people with Diabetes Mellitus. This is an ethnographic study based on the Interpretative Anthropology of Culture. In the analysis of the data, the axes were constructed: Self-perception of a disease state; Meaning of the disease and cultural representations of care. The results showed an alternation between the sick and the non-sick state, which contradicts the biomedical precepts. As representations of care, allopathy, religion and family appeared. The whole scenario of understanding found has a decisive influence on the search for treatment and on the relationship that people establish with health services. In this perspective, it is necessary to understand the meaning of the disease and the different cultural representations of care, from the perspective of the person served, in this way, misunderstandings are avoided and it is possible to achieve comprehensive care.Descriptors: Chronic Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Anthropology, Cultural. Significado de la enfermedad para personas con diabetes mellitusResumen: El objetivo de este estudio es comprender los significados de la enfermedad desde la perspectiva de las personas con diabetes mellitus. Este es un estudio etnográfico basado en la Antropología Interpretativa de la Cultura. En el análisis de los datos, se construyeron los ejes: autopercepción de un estado de enfermedad; Significado de la enfermedad y representaciones culturales de la atención. Los resultados mostraron una alternancia entre el estado enfermo y el no enfermo, lo que contradice los preceptos biomédicos. Como representaciones de la atención, surgieron la alopatía, la religión y la familia. Todo el escenario de comprensión encontrado tiene una influencia decisiva en la búsqueda de tratamiento y en la relación que las personas establecen con los servicios de salud. Desde esta perspectiva, es necesario comprender el significado de la enfermedad y las diferentes representaciones culturales de la atención, desde la perspectiva de la persona atendida, evitando así los malentendidos y es posible obtener una atención integral.Descriptores: Enfermedade Crónica, Diabetes Mellitus, Antropología Cultural.

Dogs (Canis familiaris) recognize their own body as a physical obstacle

Mental representations of one’s own body provide useful reference when negotiating physical environmental challenges. Body-awareness is a neuro-ontogenetic precursor for higher order self-representation, but there is a lack of an ecologically valid experimental approach to it among nonhuman species. We tested dogs (N = 32) in the ‘body as an obstacle’ task. They had to pick up and give an object to their owner, whilst standing on a small mat. In the test condition we attached the object to the mat, thus the dogs had to leave the mat because otherwise they could not lift the object. Dogs came off the mat more frequently and sooner in the test condition, than in the main control condition, where the object was attached to the ground. This is the first convincing evidence of body awareness through the understanding of the consequence of own actions in a species where previously no higher-order self-representation capacity was found. We urge for an ecologically valid approach, and following of bottom-up methods, in studying modularly constructed self-representation.

Single and multiple springback technique for construction and control of thick prismatic mesh layers

We suggest an algorithm for construction of semi-structured thick prismatic mesh layers which guarantees an absence of inverted prismatic cells in resulting layer and allows one to control near-surface mesh orthogonality. Initial mesh is modelled as a thin layer of highly compressed prisms made of hyperelastic material glued to the triangulated surface. In order to compute robust normals at the vertices of the surface mesh we use quadratic programming algorithm based on the nearest ball concept. This pre-stressed material expands, possibly with self-penetration and extrusion to exterior of computational domain until target layer thickness is attained. Special preconditioned relaxation procedure is proposed based on the solution of stationary springback problem. It is shown that preconditioner can handle very stiff problems. Once an offset prismatic mesh is constructed, self-intersections are eliminated using iterative prism cutting procedure.Next, variational advancing front procedure is applied for refinement and precise orthogonalization of prismatic layer near boundaries. We demonstrate that resulting mesh layer is ‘almost mesh-independent’ in a sense that the dependence of thickness and shape of the layer on mesh resolution and triangle quality is weak. It is possible to apply elastic springback technique sequentially layer by layer. We compare single springback technique with multiple springback technique in terms of mesh quality, stiffness of local variational problems and mesh orthogonality or/and layer thickness balance.

An Islamic Faith Perspective on Using Social Media / Mainstream Media to Prompt Organ Donation/ Transplantation Awareness

This article describes how with exception to individuals with severe learning difficulties and neurological illnesses, which of course are devastating in their own right, there has never existed a human being who has not been aware not only of his body but also of his individuality, both physically and spiritually. Human beings are consciously aware of their own lives and, it's through understanding that awareness of a consciously constructed self is identified. The use of social media (SM) today provides unparalleled opportunities for research data collection, wider access for communication and engagement. SM/ mainstream media (MM) such as television, newspapers, magazines, and radio stations are also being used to prompt research funding for specific Long-Term Conditions (LTCs), however these forms of ‘advertising' have not been explored from an Islamic stance to prompt organ donation/ transplantation awareness on using SM/ MM. This article examines Islamic teachings to examine the action of organ transplantation.

Discourses on Hamlet's Journey in Turkey

This study seeks to scrutinize extratextual discourses which frame the Turkish translations and post-translation rewritings of Hamlet as an instrument of national self-imagining and projecting Turkey’s self-image in different socio-political and historical contexts. The study points out that various discourses see image construction as the major motive behind the different versions of Hamlet in Turkey. It also underlines that the extratextual material surrounding the retranslations and rewritings focus on various contextual dynamics that reveal how Turkey is torn between dualities that frame its image in line with the narratives of modernity and tradition, secularism and religion, easternness and westernness. In this context, the study emphasizes that theatre translation, and particularly the translations of Hamlet, formed significant part of the late Ottoman Empire’s and modern Turkey’s westernization efforts. Ultimately, the study concludes that discourses on the Hamlet renderings have foregrounded what is and what is not part of Turkey’s historically constructed self-image by bringing the West alongside the East, centering on how the retranslations and rewritings promote Turkey’s Western (secular and modern) identity against a largely negative representation of its eastern cultural identity. Key words: Hamlet, Turkey, retranslation, post-translation rewriting, image